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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.6

Galba's bloody arrival in Rome

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Hist. 1.6.1Invalidum senem Titus Vīnius et Cornēlius Lacō, alter dēterrimus mortālium, alter ignāvissimus, odiō flāgitiōrum onerātum contemptū inertiae dēstruēbant.Titus Vinius and Cornelius Laco, the one the worst of mortals, the other the most slothful, were ruining the feeble old man, loading him with the hatred their crimes aroused and with the contempt their sloth aroused. Hist. 1.6.1Tardum Galbae iter et cruentum, interfectīs Cingōniō Varrōne cōnsule dēsignātō et Petrōniō Turpiliānō cōnsulārī: ille ut Nymphidiī socius, hic ut dux Nerōnis, inaudītī atque indēfēnsī tamquam innocentēs perierant.Galba's march was slow and bloody, Cingonius Varro, consul-elect, and Petronius Turpilianus, an ex-consul, having been put to death: the former as an associate of Nymphidius, the latter as Nero's general, they had perished unheard and undefended, and so like innocent men. Hist. 1.6.1Introitus in urbem trucīdātīs tot mīlibus inermium mīlitum īnfaustus ōmine atque ipsīs etiam quī occīderant formīdolōsus.His entry into the city, with so many thousands of unarmed soldiers butchered, was ill-omened, and alarming even to those who had done the killing. Hist. 1.6.1Inductā legiōne Hispānā, remanente eā quam ē classe Nerō cōnscrīpserat, plēna urbs exercitū īnsolitō;With a Spanish legion brought in, and the one Nero had enrolled from the fleet remaining, the city was full of an unaccustomed army; Hist. 1.6.1multī ad hoc numerī ē Germāniā ac Britanniā et Illyricō, quōs īdem Nerō ēlēctōs praemissōsque ad claustra Caspiārum et bellum, quod in Albānōs parābat, opprimendīs Vindicis coeptīs revocāverat: ingēns novīs rēbus māteria, ut nōn in ūnum aliquem prōnō favōre ita audentī parāta.there were also many detachments from Germany, Britain and Illyricum, which the same Nero had picked and sent ahead to the Caspian Gates and the war he was preparing against the Albani, and had then recalled to crush Vindex's uprising: vast material for revolution, not inclined in favour of any one man, but ready for whoever dared.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (83 words)
invalidus, -a, -umweak, infirm
senex, senis, m.old man
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
dēterior, -iusworse, poorer
mortālis, -emortal
ignāvus, -a, -umlazy, cowardly
odium, -ī, n.hatred
flāgitium, -ī n.shameful act, disgrace, outrage
onerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusload, burden
contemptus, -ūs m.contempt (contemptuī esse: be despised)
inertia, -ae f.inactivity, idleness, sloth
dēstruō, -ere, -strūxī, -strūctuspull down, demolish
tardus, -a, -umslow
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
cruentus, -a, -umbloody, blood-stained
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
dēsignō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpoint out, refer to
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
inaudītus, -a, -umunheard of, new, strange
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
indēfēnsus, -a, -umundefended; without defence
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
innocēns, -entisharmless; innocent
pereō, -īre, -ii, -itūruspass away, perish
introitus, -ūs, m.entrance
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
urbs, urbis, f.city
trucīdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusslaughter, butcher
tot (indecl.)so many
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
inermis, -eunarmed
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
īnfaustus, -a, -umill-omened, unlucky
ōmen, ōminis n.omen, sign; hīsce ōminibus: with these words of ill omen
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
formīdulōsus, -a, -umfearful; causing fear, dreadful
indūcō, -dūcere, dūxī, -ductuslead in or on, move, excite
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
Hispānus, -a, -umSpanish; as noun, a Spaniard
remaneō, -ēre, -mānsīstay behind, remain
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
classis, -is f.fleet
cōnscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptumenlist, enroll
plēnus, -a, -umfull
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
īnsolitus, -a, -umunaccustomed; unusual, strange
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
numerus, -ī, m.number
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
ēligō, -ere, ēlēgī, ēlēctumpick out, choose
praemittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend ahead
que, enclitic conj.and
claustrum, -ī n.bar, bolt; barrier, enclosure
Caspius, -a, -umCaspian, of the lands by the Caspian Sea
bellum, -ī, n.war
Albānus, -a, -umAlban, of Alba Longa; mōns Albānus: the Alban Mount; (m. pl. as noun) the Albans
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
opprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress against, overpower, crush
coeptum, -ī n.undertaking, a thing begun
revocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcall back, recall
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
māteria, -ae f.timber, material
nōn, adv.not
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
prōnus, -a, -umleaning forward; inclined, prone (to)
favor, -ōris m.goodwill, support, applause
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.