| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| cōnscientia, -ae f. | awareness; consciousness of guilt, guilty conscience |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| fāma, -ae, f. | report, rumor |
| ferōx, -ōcis, adj. | fierce, savage |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| nihil, n., indecl. | nothing |
| virtūs, -tūtis, f. | manliness, courage, bravery |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| invius, -a, -um | pathless, impassable |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| penetrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | make one's way into, penetrate, reach |
| inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come upon, find |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| tandem, adv. | at length or last, finally |
| terminus, -ī m. | boundary, limit |
| continuō (adv.) | at once, immediately |
| proelium, -ī, n. | battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle |
| cursus, -ūs, m. | running, speed; course, route, voyage; race |
| fremō, -ere, -uī, -itum | roar, growl; grumble (in + acc.: at) |
| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| modo, adv. | only |
| cautus, -a, -um | careful, wary, on one's guard |
| sapiēns, -entis | wise; as noun, a wise man, a philosopher |
| promptus, -a, -um | ready, eager |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| ēventus, -ūs m. | outcome, result |
| magniloquus, -a, -um | boastful, big-talking; grandiloquent |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| inīquus, -a, -um | uneven; unfair |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| condiciō, -ōnis f. | terms; condition, status |
| prosperus, -a, -um | favourable, successful, prosperous |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| vindicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | punish; claim |
| adversus, -a, -um | facing; unfavourable, unsuccessful |
| ūnus, -a, -um | one; only, alone |
| imputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | charge to someone's account; claim credit for (a favour) |
| at, conj. | but |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| sed, conj. | but |
| occāsiō, -ōnis, f. | chance, opportunity |
| ars, artis, f. | art |
| dux, ducis, m. and f. | leader, commander |
| vincō, -ere, vīcī, victum | conquer, defeat |
| reor, rērī, ratus sum | think, suppose, reckon |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| arrogantia, -ae f. | arrogance |
| remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missum | send back; give up, remit |
| quō, adv. | to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long? |
| minus, comp. adv. | less |
| iuventūs, -ūtis f. | youth; the young men |
| armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātus | arm, equip |
| coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f. | spouse, husband, wife |
| līberī, -ōrum, m. plur. | children |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n. | place, situation |
| tūtus, -a, -um | safe |
| trānsferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātus | carry across, transfer |
| coetus, -ūs m. | meeting, gathering, assembly |
| sacrificium, -ī, n. | sacrifice |
| cōnspīrātiō, -ōnis f. | agreement, unanimity; conspiracy |
| cīvitās, -tātis, f. | state |
| sanciō, -īre, sānxī, sānctum | make binding, ratify |
| ita, adv. | in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as |
| irrītō (inrītō), -āre, -āvī, -ātus | provoke, stir up |
| utrimque, adv. | on either side or both sides |
| animus, -ī, m. | mind; heart; spirit, courage |
| discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessus | go apart, withdraw, depart |