LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 3

De Bello Gallico 3.28

The Morini and Menapii

Caesar, De Bello Gallico III. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

Tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and track your reading.

Read in Lectitō

3.28.1Eōdem ferē tempore Caesar, etsī prope exācta iam aestās erat, tamen, quod omnī Galliā pācātā Morinī Menapiīque supererant, quī in armīs essent neque ad eum umquam lēgātōs dē pāce mīsissent, arbitrātus id bellum celeriter cōnficī posse eō exercitum dūxit;

At about the same time, although summer was almost over, Caesar nevertheless led his army there, because, with all Gaul at peace, the Morini and Menapii remained, who were in arms and had never sent envoys to him about peace, and he thought that this war could be finished quickly;

3.28.1quī longē aliā ratiōne ac reliquī Gallī bellum gerere coepērunt.

they began to wage war in a way very different from the rest of the Gauls.

3.28.2Nam quod intellegēbant maximās nātiōnēs, quae proeliō contendissent, pulsās superātāsque esse, continentēsque silvās ac palūdēs habēbant, eō sē suaque omnia contulērunt.

For since they understood that the greatest peoples who had fought in pitched battle had been beaten and defeated, and they had continuous forests and marshes, they took themselves and all their property there.

3.28.3Ad quārum initium silvārum cum Caesar pervēnisset castraque mūnīre īnstituisset neque hostis interim vīsus esset, dispersīs in opere nostrīs subitō ex omnibus partibus silvae ēvolāvērunt et in nostrōs impetum fēcērunt.

When Caesar had reached the edge of these forests and had begun to fortify a camp, and no enemy had been seen in the meantime, while our men were scattered at their work the enemy suddenly rushed out from every part of the forest and attacked them.

3.28.4Nostrī celeriter arma cēpērunt eōsque in silvās repulērunt et complūribus interfectīs longius impedītiōribus locīs secūtī paucōs ex suīs dēperdidērunt.

Our men quickly took up arms and drove them back into the forest; after killing several of them they followed too far into difficult ground and lost a few of their own.

Vocabulary

īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
ferē, adv.nearly, about, almost, for the most part
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
etsī, conj.even if, although
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
exigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumdrive out; finish, spend (a season)
iam, adv.now, already
aestās, -tātis, f.summer
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
quod, conj.that, in that, because
omnis, -eall, every
pācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumsubdue, pacify
que, enclitic conj.and
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
umquam, adv.ever
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
pāx, pācis f.peace
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
bellum, -ī, n.war
celeriter, adv.swiftly, quickly
cōnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, make; wear out
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
longē, adv.far
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
nam, conj.for
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
nātiō, -ōnis f.people, nation; birth
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch, hasten
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
continēns, -entis, f.'mainland, continent
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
palūs, -ūdis, f.swamp, marsh
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
initium, -ī, n.beginning
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome through, come, arrive, reach
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusdecide upon, determine
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
interim (adv.)meanwhile
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
dispergō, -ere, -spersī, -spersumscatter
opus, operis, n.work, task
noster, -tra, -trumour
subitō, adv.unexpectedly, suddenly
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
ēvolō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfly out, rush out
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsusdrive back or away, repulse, repel
complūrēs, -plūra, plur. adj.several, many
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
impedītus, -a, -umhindered; hard to cross, impassable
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
dēperdō, -ere, dēperdidī, dēperditumlose
Advertisement
Caesar, De Bello Gallico III. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.