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Vergil · Eclogues

Eclogues 7

Corydon and Thyrsis compete in song

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Ecl. 7.1Forte sub argūtā cōnsēderat īlice Daphnis,
compulerantque gregēs Corydōn et Thyrsis in ūnum, Thyrsis ovīs, Corydōn distentās lacte capellās,
ambō flōrentēs aetātibus, Arcadēs ambō,
5et cantāre parēs, et respondēre parātī.
By chance Daphnis had sat down beneath a whispering holm-oak, and Corydon and Thyrsis had driven their flocks together, Thyrsis his sheep, Corydon his she-goats swollen with milk, both in the flower of their youth, Arcadians both, equal in singing and ready to respond.
Ecl. 7.6Hūc mihi, dum tenerās dēfendō ā frīgore myrtōs,
vir gregis ipse caper dēerrāverat;
Here, while I was protecting my tender myrtles from the cold, the husband of the flock himself, my he-goat, had strayed;
Ecl. 7.7atque ego Daphnim
aspiciō.
and I catch sight of Daphnis.
Ecl. 7.8Ille ubi mē contrā videt: "Ōcius" inquit
"hūc ades, Ō Meliboee, caper tibi salvus et haedī;
When he sees me opposite, he says, 'Quick, come here, O Meliboeus; your goat and kids are safe;
Ecl. 7.10et, sī quid cessāre potes, requiēsce sub umbrā.and if you can idle a while, rest beneath the shade. Ecl. 7.11hūc ipsī pōtum venient per prāta iuvencī,
hīc viridīs tenerā praetexit arundine rīpās
Mincius, ēque sacrā resonant exāmina quercū."
here the bullocks will come of their own accord through the meadows to drink, here the Mincius fringes its green banks with tender reed, and swarms hum from the sacred oak.'
Ecl. 7.14Quid facerem?What was I to do?

Ecl. 7.14Neque ego Alcippēn, nec Phyllida habēbam,
15dēpulsōs ā lacte domī quae clauderet agnōs,
et certāmen erat, Corydōn cum Thyrside, magnum.
I had neither Alcippe nor Phyllis to shut up at home my lambs weaned from milk, and there was a contest, Corydon against Thyrsis, a great one.
Ecl. 7.17posthabuī tamen illōrum mea sēria lūdō:
alternīs igitur contendere versibus ambō
coepēre;
still, I set my serious business behind their game: so both began to contend in alternate verses;
Ecl. 7.19alternōs Mūsae meminisse volēbant.the Muses wished to recall alternate verses. Ecl. 7.20hōs Corydōn, illōs referēbat in ōrdine Thyrsis.Corydon gave these in order, Thyrsis those. Ecl. 7.21Nymphae, noster amor, Libēthridēs, aut mihi carmen,
quāle meō Codrō, concēdite: proxima Phoebī
versibus ille facit;
Libethrian Nymphs, my love, either grant me such a song as you grant my Codrus: he makes verses next to Phoebus' own;
Ecl. 7.23aut, sī nōn possumus omnēs,
hīc argūta sacrā pendēbit fistula pīnū.
or, if we cannot all do so, my tuneful pipe will hang here on the sacred pine.
Ecl. 7.25Pāstōrēs, hederā crēscentem ōrnāte poētam,
Arcadēs, invidiā rumpantur ut īlia Codrō;
Shepherds, adorn your rising poet with ivy, Arcadians, so that Codrus may burst his sides with envy;
Ecl. 7.27aut sī ultrā placitum laudārit, baccare frontem
cingite, nē vātī noceat mala lingua futūrō.
or if he praises me beyond what is pleasing, bind my brow with baccar, so that no evil tongue may harm the bard to be.

Ecl. 7.29Saetōsī caput hoc aprī tibi, Dēlia, parvus
30et rāmōsa Micōn vīvācis cornua cervī.
This head of a bristly boar, Delia, little Micon offers you, and the branching antlers of a long-lived stag.
Ecl. 7.31Sī proprium hoc fuerit, levī dē marmore tōta
pūniceō stābis sūrās ēvīncta coturnō.
If this luck holds, you will stand full length in smooth marble, your calves bound with purple buskins.
Ecl. 7.33Sinum lactis et haec tē lība, Priāpe, quotannīs
exspectāre sat est: custōs es pauperis hortī.
A bowl of milk and these cakes, Priapus, are enough for you to expect each year: you are the guardian of a poor garden.
Ecl. 7.35Nunc tē marmoreum prō tempore fēcimus;For now we have made you of marble, as times allow; Ecl. 7.35at tū,
sī fētūra gregem supplēverit, aureus estō.
but if the breeding fills up the flock, be made of gold.
Ecl. 7.37Nērīnē Galatēa, thymō mihi dulcior Hyblae,
candidior cycnīs, hederā fōrmōsior albā,
cum prīmum pāstī repetent praesēpia taurī,
40sī qua tuī Corydōnis habet tē cūra, venītō.
Galatea, daughter of Nereus, sweeter to me than the thyme of Hybla, whiter than swans, lovelier than pale ivy, as soon as the bulls come back fed to their stalls, if you have any care for your Corydon, come.

Ecl. 7.41Immō ego Sardoniīs videar tibi amārior herbīs,
horridior ruscō, prōiectā vīlior algā,
sī mihi nōn haec lūx tōtō iam longior annō est.
Nay, may I seem to you more bitter than Sardinian herbs, rougher than butcher's broom, more worthless than cast-up seaweed, if this day is not now longer to me than a whole year.
Ecl. 7.44Īte domum pāstī, sī quis pudor, īte iuvencī.Go home, my bullocks, you have fed; if you have any shame, go home. Ecl. 7.45Muscōsī fontēs et somnō mollior herba,
et quae vōs rārā viridis tegit arbutus umbrā,
sōlstitium pecorī dēfendite;
Mossy springs, and grass softer than sleep, and the green arbutus that covers you with its scant shade, ward off the summer heat from the flock;
Ecl. 7.47iam vēnit aestās
torrida, iam lentō turgent in palmite gemmae.
now the scorching summer comes, now the buds swell on the pliant shoot.
Ecl. 7.49Hīc focus et taedae pinguēs, hīc plūrimus ignis
50semper, et adsiduā postēs fūlīgine nigrī;
Here is a hearth and resinous pine-torches, here a great fire always, and doorposts black with constant soot;
Ecl. 7.51hīc tantum Boreae cūrāmus frīgora, quantum
aut numerum lupus, aut torrentia flūmina rīpās.
here we care as much for the cold of the North Wind as the wolf cares for the number of the sheep, or torrents for their banks.

Ecl. 7.53Stant et iūniperī, et castaneae hirsūtae;The junipers stand, and the shaggy chestnuts; Ecl. 7.54strāta iacent passim sua quāque sub arbore pōma;the fruits lie strewn everywhere, each under its own tree; Ecl. 7.55omnia nunc rīdent: at sī fōrmōsus Alexis
montibus hīs abeat, videās et flūmina sicca.
everything smiles now: but if lovely Alexis were to leave these hills, you would see even the rivers dry.
Ecl. 7.57Āret ager;The field is parched; Ecl. 7.57vitiō moriēns sitit āeris herba;the grass, dying from the sickly air, thirsts; Ecl. 7.58Līber pampineās invīdit collibus umbrās:
Phyllidis adventū nostrae nemus omne virēbit,
60Iuppiter et laetō dēscendet plūrimus imbrī.
Liber has grudged the hills the shade of vine leaves: at the coming of my Phyllis every grove will be green, and Jupiter will descend in abundance in joyful rain.
Ecl. 7.61Pōpulus Alcīdae grātissima, vītis Iacchō,
fōrmōsae myrtus Venerī, sua laurea Phoebō;
The poplar is dearest to Alcides, the vine to Iacchus, the myrtle to lovely Venus, his own laurel to Phoebus;
Ecl. 7.63Phyllis amat corylōs: illās dum Phyllis amābit,
nec myrtus vincet corylōs, nec laurea Phoebī.
Phyllis loves the hazels: as long as Phyllis loves them, neither myrtle nor Phoebus' laurel will surpass the hazels.

Ecl. 7.65Fraxinus in silvīs pulcherrima, pīnus in hortīs,
pōpulus in fluviīs, abiēs in montibus altīs:
saepius at sī mē, Lycida fōrmōse, revīsās,
fraxinus in silvīs cēdat tibi, pīnus in hortīs.
The ash is loveliest in the woods, the pine in gardens, the poplar by the rivers, the fir on the high mountains: but if you visit me more often, lovely Lycidas, the ash in the woods would yield to you, and the pine in the gardens.
Ecl. 7.69Haec meminī, et victum frūstrā contendere Thyrsim:
70ex illō Corydōn Corydōn est tempore nōbīs.
These things I remember, and how Thyrsis, beaten, contended in vain: from that time Corydon has been Corydon for us.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×3, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (272 words)
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
argūtus, -a, -umclear-sounding, shrill, rustling; sharp, clever
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
īlex, -icis f.holm-oak, evergreen oak
compellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive together, drive
que, enclitic conj.and
grex, gregis m.flock, herd; band, gang
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
ovis, -is, f.sheep
distendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out, stretch apart
lāc, lactis, n.milk
capella, -ae f.she-goat, little goat
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
flōreō, -ēre, -uīflourish, be prosperous
aetās, -tātis, f.age
cantō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussing
pār, parisequal
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
parātus, -a, -umprepared, equipped, ready
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
tener, -era, -erumyoung, tender
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
frīgus, -oris n.cold
myrtus, -ī (-ūs) f.myrtle (sacred to Venus)
vir, virī, m.man
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
caper, -prī m.he-goat
dēerrō, -āre, -āvīgo astray, lose one's way
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
ōcius, comp. adv.more quickly, swiftly, at once
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
ō (interj.)O! oh!
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
salvus, -a, -umsafe, unharmed
haedus, -ī m.young goat, kid
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
cessō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstop, cease, rest; be idle
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
requiēscō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētumrest, take a rest
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
pōtō, -āre, -āvī, pōtusdrink, drink heavily
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
prātum, -ī n.meadow
iuvencus, -ī m.young bull, bullock
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
viridis, -egreen
praetexō, -ere, -texuī, -textusborder, fringe; toga praetexta: the purple-bordered toga of magistrates
harundō (arundō), -inis f.reed, cane
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
sacer, sacra, sacrumsacred, holy
resonō, -āre, -āvīresound, echo
exāmen, -inis n.swarm; tongue of a balance, hence the balance itself
quercus, -ūs f.oak tree
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
dēpellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive off or away, drive
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
agnus, -ī m.lamb
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
cum, prep, with abl.with
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
posthabeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusrank after, value less
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
sērius, -a, -umserious; (n. pl. as noun) serious matters
lūdus, -ī, m.game, sport
alternus, -a, -umone after the other, alternating
igitur, conj.therefore
contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch, hasten
versus, -ūs m.line (of writing), verse
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
meminī, meminisseremember
volō, velle, voluīwish
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
noster, -tra, -trumour
amor, -ōris, m.love
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
carmen, -minis, n.song, charm
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
nōn, adv.not
omnis, -eall, every
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
fistula, -ae f.pipe, tube (for water)
pīnus, -ūs or -ī f.pine tree; (poetic) a ship
pāstor, -tōris, m.shepherd
hedera, -ae f.ivy
crēscō, -ere, crēvī, crētumgrow, rise (in power)
ōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusequip, adorn
poēta, -ae, m.poet
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptusbreak, burst
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
īlia, -ium n. pl.the groin, the flanks; the inner parts of the belly
ultrā (prep. + acc.)beyond
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
baccar (bacchar), -aris n.a plant with fragrant root, perhaps foxglove or valerian, used against the evil eye
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
vātēs, -is m. and f.prophet, seer, soothsayer
noceō, -ēre, nocuī, nocitum (+ dat.)harm, hurt
malus, -a, -umbad
lingua, -ae f.tongue; language
saetōsus (sētōsus), -a, -umbristly, shaggy
caput, capitis, n.head
aper, aprī, m.wild boar
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
rāmōsus, -a, -umbranching, branchy
vīvāx, -ācislong-lived; lively, quick-burning
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
cervus, -ī, m.stag
proprius, -a, -umone's own, private; characteristic (of)
levis, -elight, slight
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
marmor, -oris n.marble; a marble statue
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
pūniceus, -a, -umcrimson, scarlet
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
ēvinciō, -īre, -vīnxī, -vīnctusbind round, wreathe, encircle
cothurnus, -ī m.high hunting boot
sinus, -ūs, m.bosom, lap
lībum, -ī n.cake, esp. one offered to the gods
quotannīs, adv.every year, yearly, annually
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
sat (indecl.)enough (= satis)
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
pauper, -erispoor; as a noun, a poor person
hortus, -ī, m.garden
nunc, adv.now
marmoreus, -a, -umof marble, marble
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
at, conj.but
fētūra, -ae f.breeding; offspring, young (of animals)
suppleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill up, make full
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
Nērīnē, -ēs f.a Nereid, daughter of Nereus (Nerine Galatea)
thymum, -ī n.thyme
dulcis, -esweet
candidus, -a, -umshining white, bright
cycnus, -ī m.swan
fōrmōsus, -a, -umbeautiful
albus, -a, -umwhite
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
pāscō, pāscere, pāvī, pāstusfeed
repetō, -ere, -petīvī, -petītumdemand back; seek again
praesaepe, -is n.stall, enclosure; (of bees) hive
taurus, -ī, m.bull
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
immō (adv.)no rather, on the contrary; immō vērō: no, indeed, even
Sardonius, -a, -umSardinian; Sardoniae herbae: a bitter Sardinian plant
amārus, -a, -umbitter
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
horridus, -a, -umrough, wild, frightening
ruscum, -ī n.butcher's broom, a prickly shrub
prōiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow forth or down, cast away, throw
vīlis, -echeap, worthless
alga, -ae f.seaweed
lūx, lūcis, f.light
iam, adv.now, already
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
annus, -ī, m.year
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
muscōsus, -a, -ummossy, moss-grown
fōns, fontis, m.fountain, spring
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
mollis, -esoft, weak
vōsplur. of tū
rārus, -a, -umscattered, few
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
arbutus, -ī f.strawberry tree, arbutus
sōlstitium, -ī n.the summer solstice; midsummer, summer heat
pecus, pecoris, n.herd, flock, cattle
aestās, -tātis, f.summer
torridus, -a, -umparched, scorched, burning hot
lentus, -a, -umslow, sluggish
turgeō, -ēre, tursīswell, be swollen
palmes, -itis m.young branch or shoot of a vine
gemma, -ae f.jewel, precious stone; bud
focus, -ī m.hearth, fireplace; (fig.) home
taeda, -ae f.pine torch; (often) the wedding torch, marriage
pinguis, -efat
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
ignis, -is, m.fire
semper, adv.always
assiduus, -a, -umconstant, unremitting
postis, -is m.doorpost; door
fūlīgō, -inis f.soot; blackness
niger, nigra, nigrumblack
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
cūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtake care of; (+ gerundive) have something done
quantum, adv.how much? how?
numerus, -ī, m.number
lupus, -ī m.wolf
torreō, -ēre, torruī, tostusparch, scorch, roast
flūmen, -minis, n.river
iūniperus, -ī f.juniper
castanea, -ae f.chestnut; chestnut tree
hirsūtus, -a, -umshaggy, bristly, rough
sternō, -ere, strāvī, strātusspread out; furnish with couches (of a room)
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
passim (adv.)here and there, in all directions
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
arbor, -oris, f.tree
pōmum, -ī, n.fruit, apple
rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsuslaugh
mōns, montis, m.mountain
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
siccus, -a, -umdry; (n. as noun) dry land
āreō, -ēre, āruībe dry; wither
ager, agri, m.field, land
vitium, -ī n.fault, vice
morior, morī, mortuusdie
sitiō, -īre, -īvībe thirsty, thirst
āēr, āeris, m.air
pampineus, -a, -umof vine-shoots, wreathed with vine-leaves
invideō, -ēre, invīdī, invīsum (+ dat.)envy, be jealous of
collis, -is m.hill
adventus, -ūs, m.approach, arrival
nemus, -oris n.grove, wood
vireō, -ēre, -uībe green, flourish
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
dēscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb down, descend
imber, imbris, m.rain, shower
pōpulus, -ī f.poplar tree
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
vītis, -is f.vine
laurea, -ae f.laurel tree; laurel wreath
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
corylus, -ī f.hazel tree, hazel
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
fraxinus, -ī f.ash tree; ash-wood spear
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
fluvius, -ī m.river, stream
abiēs, -etis f.fir tree
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
saepe, adv.often, frequently
revīsō, -erego back to see, revisit
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
frūstrā, adv.in vain
nōsplur. of ego
Vergil, Eclogues. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.