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Vergil · Eclogues

Eclogues 4

A child and a golden age

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Ecl. 4.1Sicelidēs Mūsae, paulō maiōra canāmus!Sicilian Muses, let us sing of somewhat greater things! Ecl. 4.2Nōn omnīs arbusta iuvant humilēsque myrīcae;Not everyone delights in orchards and lowly tamarisks; Ecl. 4.3sī canimus silvās, silvae sint cōnsule dignae.if we sing of woods, let the woods be worthy of a consul. Ecl. 4.4Ultima Cūmaeī vēnit iam carminis aetās;Now has come the last age of the Cumaean song; Ecl. 4.5magnus ab integrō saeclōrum nāscitur ōrdō:
iam redit et Virgō, redeunt Sāturnia regna;
the great order of the ages is born anew: now the Maiden returns, the reign of Saturn returns;
Ecl. 4.7iam nova prōgeniēs caelō dēmittitur altō.now a new generation is sent down from high heaven. Ecl. 4.8Tū modo nāscentī puerō, quō ferrea prīmum
dēsinet ac tōtō surget gēns aurea mundō,
10casta favē Lūcīna: tuus iam regnat Apollo.
Only do you, chaste Lucina, favour the boy now being born, under whom the iron race will first cease and a golden race arise throughout the world: now your own Apollo reigns.
Ecl. 4.11Tēque adeō decus hoc aevī tē cōnsule inībit,
Polliō, et incipient magnī prōcēdere mēnsēs.
And it is in your consulship, yours, Pollio, that this glory of the age will begin, and the great months start on their march.

Ecl. 4.13tē duce, sī qua manent sceleris vestīgia nostrī,
inrīta perpetuā solvent formīdine terrās.
under your leadership, any traces of our crime that remain will be made void and free the lands from perpetual fear.
Ecl. 4.15ille deum vītam accipiet, dīvīsque vidēbit
permixtōs hērōas, et ipse vidēbitur illīs,
pācātumque reget patriīs virtūtibus orbem.
He will receive the life of the gods, and will see heroes mingled with gods, and will himself be seen by them, and will rule a world at peace with his father's virtues.
Ecl. 4.18At tibi prīma, puer, nūllō mūnuscula cultū
errantīs hederās passim cum baccare tellūs
20mīxtaque rīdentī colocāsia fundet acanthō.
But for you, boy, as her first little gifts, the earth, untilled, will pour out everywhere straying ivy with baccar, and Egyptian beans mingled with smiling acanthus.
Ecl. 4.21Ipsae lacte domum referent distenta capellae
ūbera, nec magnōs metuent armenta leōnēs;
Of their own accord the she-goats will bring home udders swollen with milk, and the herds will not fear great lions;
Ecl. 4.23ipsa tibi blandōs fundent cūnābula flōrēs,
occīdet et serpēns, et fallāx herba venēnī
25occīdet, Assyrium volgō nāscētur amōmum.
your very cradle will pour out caressing flowers for you; the serpent too will die, and the treacherous poison-plant will die; Assyrian spice will spring up everywhere.

Ecl. 4.26at simul hērōum laudēs et facta parentis
iam legere et quae sit poteris cognōscere virtūs,
mollī paulātim flāvēscet campus aristā,
incultīsque rubēns pendēbit sentibus ūva,
30et dūrae quercūs sūdābunt rōscida mella
Pauca tamen suberunt prīscae vestīgia fraudis,
quae temptāre Thetim ratibus, quae cingere mūrīs
oppida, quae iubeant tellūrī īnfindere sulcōs:
alter erit tum Tīphys, et altera quae vehat Argō
35dēlēctōs Hērōas;
But as soon as you are able to read of the praises of heroes and your father's deeds, and to know what virtue is, the plain will slowly grow golden with the soft ear of corn, the reddening grape will hang from untended brambles, and hard oaks will sweat dewy honey. Yet a few traces of the old wickedness will lurk beneath, to bid men tempt Thetis with ships, gird towns with walls, and cut furrows in the earth: then there will be a second Tiphys, and a second Argo to carry chosen heroes;
Ecl. 4.35erunt etiam altera bella,
atque iterum ad Troiam magnus mittētur Achillēs.
there will be other wars too, and great Achilles will be sent to Troy once more.

Ecl. 4.37Hinc, ubi iam firmāta virum tē fēcerit aetās,
cēdet et ipse marī vector, nec nautica pīnus
mūtābit mercēs: omnis feret omnia tellūs:
40nōn rāstrōs patiētur humus, nōn vīnea falcem;
Next, when strengthening age has made you a man, the trader himself will quit the sea, and the ship of pine will not exchange wares: every land will bear everything: the soil will not suffer the hoe, nor the vineyard the pruning-hook;
Ecl. 4.41rōbustus quoque iam taurīs iuga solvet arātor;the sturdy ploughman too will now loose the yoke from his bulls; Ecl. 4.42nec variōs discet mentīrī lāna colōrēs:
ipse sed in prātīs ariēs iam suāve rubentī
mūrice, iam croceō mūtābit vellera lutō;
nor will wool learn to counterfeit varied colours: but the ram himself in the meadows will change his fleece, now to sweetly blushing purple, now to saffron yellow;
Ecl. 4.45sponte suā sandyx pāscentīs vestiet agnōs.of its own accord scarlet will clothe the grazing lambs. Ecl. 4.46Tālia saecla, suīs dīxērunt, currite, fūsīs
concordēs stabilī fātōrum nūmine Parcae.
'Run on, such ages,' said the Fates to their spindles, in harmony with the fixed will of destiny.

Ecl. 4.48Adgredere ō magnōs—aderit iam tempus—honōrēs,
cāra deum subolēs, magnum Iovis incrēmentum!
Enter upon your great honours—the time will soon be here—dear offspring of the gods, great increase of Jupiter!
Ecl. 4.50Aspice convexō nūtantem pondere mundum,
terrāsque tractūsque maris caelumque profundum!
See the world nodding with its vaulted weight, the lands and the expanses of sea and the deep sky!
Ecl. 4.52Aspice, ventūrō laetentur ut omnia saeclō!See how all things rejoice in the age to come! Ecl. 4.53Ō mihi tam longae maneat pars ultima vītae,
spīritus et quantum sat erit tua dīcere facta!
O may the last part of so long a life remain to me, and as much breath as will suffice to tell your deeds!
Ecl. 4.55Nōn mē carminibus vincet nec Thrācius Orpheus,
nec Linus, huic māter quamvīs atque huic pater adsit,
Orpheī Calliopēa, Linō fōrmōsus Apollo,
Pān etiam, Arcadiā mēcum sī iūdice certet,
Pān etiam Arcadiā dīcat sē iūdice victum.
Neither Thracian Orpheus nor Linus will defeat me in song, though his mother stand by the one and his father by the other, Calliope by Orpheus, lovely Apollo by Linus; even Pan, if he competed with me with Arcadia as judge, even Pan would declare himself beaten with Arcadia as judge.

Ecl. 4.60Incipe, parve puer, rīsū cognōscere mātrem,
mātrī longa decem tulērunt fastīdia mēnsēs.
Begin, little boy, to recognise your mother with a smile: ten months have brought your mother long discomfort.
Ecl. 4.62Incipe, parve puer, cui nōn rīsēre parentēs,
nec deus hunc mēnsā, dea nec dignāta cubīlī est.
Begin, little boy: one on whom his parents have not smiled, no god has thought worthy of his table, nor goddess of her bed.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×5, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (259 words)
Sicelis, -idisSicilian; Sicelides Mūsae: the Muses of pastoral (Theocritus)
paulō, adv.by a little, a little, somewhat
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
nōn, adv.not
omnis, -eall, every
arbustum, -ī n.orchard, plantation of trees (for training vines)
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
humilis, -elow; humble, poor
que, enclitic conj.and
myrīca, -ae f.tamarisk
sī, conj.if
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
ultimus, -a, -umfarthest, last
Cūmaeus, -a, -umof Cumae
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
iam, adv.now, already
carmen, -minis, n.song, charm
aetās, -tātis, f.age
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
saeculum, -ī n.generation, age; century
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
prōgeniēs, -ēī f.offspring, descendants
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
modo, adv.only
puer, puerī, m.boy
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ferreus, -a, -umof iron, iron
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
dēsinō, -sinere, -siī, -situsstop, cease (+ inf.)
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
surgō, -ere, surrēxī, surrēctusrise, get up, stand up
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
mundus, -ī m.world, universe
castus, -a, -umpure, chaste, spotless
faveō, -ēre, fāvī, fautum (+ dat.)favour, support
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
regnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreign, rule
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
aevum, -ī n.age, lifetime; old age
ineō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo into, enter; adopt
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
mēnsis, -is m.month
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
noster, -tra, -trumour
irritus, -a, -uminvalid, of no effect; irritum facere: make void, cancel
perpetuus, -a, -umcontinuous, perpetual; in perpetuum, for all time, forever
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
deus, -ī, m.god
vīta, -ae, f.life
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
permisceō, -miscēre, -miscuī, -mixtusmix together, mingle
hērōs, -ōis m.hero, demigod; great man
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
pācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumsubdue, pacify
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
at, conj.but
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
mūnusculum, -ī n.small gift, little present
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
hedera, -ae f.ivy
passim (adv.)here and there, in all directions
cum, prep, with abl.with
baccar (bacchar), -aris n.a plant with fragrant root, perhaps foxglove or valerian, used against the evil eye
tellūs, -ūris f.earth, land (poetic)
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsuslaugh
colocāsium, -ī n.Egyptian bean, water lily (Nelumbo)
fundō, -ere, fūdī, fūsumpour; rout, scatter (an enemy)
acanthus, -ī m.acanthus, a plant with curling leaves used as a decorative pattern
lāc, lactis, n.milk
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
distendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out, stretch apart
capella, -ae f.she-goat, little goat
ūber, -eris n.teat, breast
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
armentum, -ī n.herd (of cattle)
leō, -ōnis, m.lion
blandus, -a, -umcoaxing, caressing, charming
cūnābula, -ōrum n. pl.cradle; birthplace
flōs, flōris m.flower
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
serpēns, -entis, f.serpent
fallāx, -ācisdeceitful, treacherous
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
Assyrius, -a, -umAssyrian; oriental, eastern (of perfumes, dyes)
vulgō (adv.)everywhere, commonly
amōmum, -ī n.amomum, an aromatic eastern shrub and its balsam
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
factum, -ī n.deed, act
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
mollis, -esoft, weak
paulātim (adv.)little by little, gradually
flāvēscō, -ereturn yellow, turn golden
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
arista, -ae f.ear of grain, beard of grain
incultus, -a, -umuntilled, uncultivated; wild, rough
rubeō, -ērebe red, blush
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
sentis, -is m.thorn bush, brier
ūva, -ae f.grape; bunch of grapes
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
quercus, -ūs f.oak tree
sūdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussweat, perspire; ooze, exude; toil
rōscidus, -a, -umdewy, wet with dew
mel, mellis n.honey
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
subsum, -essebe near, be close by
prīscus, -a, -umancient, of olden times; Prīscī Latīnī: the Old Latins
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
ratis, -is f.raft
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
oppidum, -ī, n.town
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
īnfindō, -erecut into, cleave
sulcus, -ī m.furrow; trench
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
tum, adv.then, at that time
vehō, vehere, vexī, vectuscarry
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
bellum, -ī, n.war
iterum, adv.again, a second time
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
vir, virī, m.man
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
mare, maris, n.sea
vector, -ōris m.passenger; carrier, bearer
nauticus, -a, -umnaval, nautical
pīnus, -ūs or -ī f.pine tree; (poetic) a ship
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
merx, mercis f.goods, wares, merchandise
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
rāstrum, -ī n. (pl. often rāstrī, -ōrum m.)rake, mattock, hoe
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
vīnea, -ae f.shed (a movable shelter for besiegers)
falx, falcis, f.sickle; curved sword, falchion
rōbustus, -a, -umstrong, sturdy
quoque, adv.also
taurus, -ī, m.bull
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
arātor, -ōris m.ploughman
varius, -a, -umvarious
discō, discere, didicīlearn
mentior, -īrī, -ītus sumlie, tell a lie
lāna, -ae f.wool
color, -ōris, m.color
sed, conj.but
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
prātum, -ī n.meadow
ariēs, -etis, m.ram
suāvis, -esweet, pleasant
mūrex, -icis m.the purple-fish; purple dye
croceus, -a, -umsaffron-coloured, yellow
vellus, velleris, n.fleece
lutum, -ī n.mud, clay
sponte, f. abl. sing., modified by meā, tuā, suāof one's own accord, voluntarily
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
sandyx, -ycis f.a scarlet dye (vermilion)
pāscō, pāscere, pāvī, pāstusfeed
vestiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītumclothe, dress
agnus, -ī m.lamb
tālis, -esuch
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
currō, currere, cucurrī, cursusrun
fūsus, -ī m.spindle
concors, -cordisof one mind, harmonious
stabilis, -efirm, steady, lasting
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
nūmen, -inis n.divine power, divinity
adgredior, -gredī, -gressus sumapproach; address; attack; undertake
ō (interj.)O! oh!
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
honor, -ōris, m.honor
cārus, -a, -umdear, precious
subolēs, -is f.offspring, a child
incrēmentum, -ī n.growth, increase
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
convexus, -a, -umarched, curved; convexa (n. pl.): the curving slopes
nūtō, -āre, -āvīnod, sway
pondus, ponderis, n.weight
tractus, -ūs m.a drawing out; stretch, extent; line (of trees)
profundus, -a, -umdeep
laetor, -ārī, -ātus sumrejoice, be glad
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
tam, adv.so
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
spīritus, -ūs m.breath; (pl.) pride, arrogance
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
sat (indecl.)enough (= satis)
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
Thrācius, -a, -umThracian
māter, mātris, f.mother
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
pater, patris, m.father
fōrmōsus, -a, -umbeautiful
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
certō, adv.with certainty, for certain, certainly
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
rīsus, -ūs m.laughter
decem, indecl. adj.ten
fastīdium, -ī n.disdain, scorn, haughtiness; loathing, squeamishness; discomfort
mēnsa, -ae f.table
dea, -ae f.goddess
dignor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink worthy of (+ abl.)
cubīle, -is n.bed, resting place
Vergil, Eclogues. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.