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Vergil · Eclogues

Eclogues 3

Menalcas and Damoetas compete in song

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Ecl. 3.1Dīc mihi, Damoeta, cūium pecus, an Meliboeī?Tell me, Damoetas, whose flock is this? Meliboeus'? Ecl. 3.2Nōn, vērum Aegōnis;No, it is Aegon's; Ecl. 3.2nūper mihi trādidit Aegōn.Aegon handed it over to me lately. Ecl. 3.3Īnfēlīx ō semper, ovis, pecus, ipse Neaeram
dum fovet, ac nē mē sibi praeferat illa verētur,
5hic aliēnus ovīs custōs bis mulget in hōrā,
et sūcus pecorī et lāc subdūcitur agnīs.
O sheep, ever an unlucky flock! While he himself fondles Neaera, and fears she may prefer me to him, this hired keeper milks the ewes twice in an hour, and the strength is drained from the flock and the milk from the lambs.
Ecl. 3.7Parcius ista virīs tamen obicienda mementō:
nōvimus et quī tē, trānsversa tuentibus hircīs,
et quō—sed facilēs Nymphae rīsēre—sacellō.
Still, remember that such taunts should be thrown at men more sparingly: we know who had you, while the he-goats looked askance, and in what shrine—but the Nymphs were easygoing and laughed.
Ecl. 3.10Tum, crēdō, cum mē arbustum vīdēre Micōnis
atque malā vītīs incidere falce novellās.
Then, I suppose, when they saw me slashing at Micon's orchard and young vines with a spiteful pruning-knife.

Ecl. 3.12Aut hīc ad veterēs fāgōs cum Daphnidis arcum
frēgistī et calamōs quae tū, perverse Menalca,
et cum vīdistī puerō dōnāta, dolēbās,
15et sī nōn aliquā nocuissēs, mortuus essēs.
Or here by the old beeches, when you broke Daphnis' bow and reeds, perverse Menalcas; you were aggrieved when you saw them given to the boy, and had you not done him some harm, you would have died.
Ecl. 3.16Quid dominī faciant, audent cum tālia fūrēs!What can masters do, when thieves dare such things! Ecl. 3.17nōn ego tē vīdī Damōnis, pessime, caprum
excipere īnsidiīs, multum lātrante Lyciscā?
Did I not see you, you scoundrel, catching Damon's goat in an ambush, while Lycisca barked loudly?
Ecl. 3.19et cum clāmārem: "Quō nunc sē prōripit ille?and when I shouted, 'Where is he rushing off to now? Ecl. 3.20Tityre, cōge pecus," tū post cārecta latēbās.Tityrus, gather the flock,' you were hiding behind the sedges. Ecl. 3.21An mihi cantandō victus nōn redderet ille
quem mea carminibus meruisset fistula caprum?
Was he not to give me, beaten in singing, the goat my pipe had won by its songs?
Ecl. 3.23Sī nescīs, meus ille caper fuit;In case you do not know, that goat was mine; Ecl. 3.23et mihi Damōn
ipse fatēbātur, sed reddere posse negābat.
and Damon himself admitted it to me, but said he could not give it up.

Ecl. 3.25Cantandō tū illum, aut umquam tibi fistula cērā
iūncta fuit?
You beat him in singing? Or did you ever own a pipe joined with wax?
Ecl. 3.26Nōn tū in triviīs, indocte, solēbās
strīdentī miserum stipulā disperdere carmen?
Were you not the one, you dunce, who used to murder a wretched tune on a screeching straw at the crossroads?
Ecl. 3.28Vīs ergō inter nōs quid possit uterque vicissim
experiāmur?
Do you want us, then, to test between us in turn what each can do?
Ecl. 3.29Ego hanc vitulam—nē forte recūsēs,
30bis venit ad mulctram, bīnōs alit ūbere fētūs—
dēpōnō: tū dīc, mēcum quō pignore certēs.
I stake this heifer—in case you should refuse, she comes twice a day to the milking-pail and feeds two calves at her udder—: you say what stake you will match against me.
Ecl. 3.32Dē grege nōn ausim quicquam dēpōnere tēcum.I would not dare to stake anything from the flock against you. Ecl. 3.33Est mihi namque domī pater, est iniūsta noverca;For I have a father at home, and an unjust stepmother; Ecl. 3.34bisque diē numerant ambō pecus, alter et haedōs.and twice a day they both count the flock, and one of them the kids as well.

Ecl. 3.35Vērum, id quod multō tūte ipse fatēbere maius,
īnsānīre libet quoniam tibi, pōcula pōnam
fāgina, caelātum dīvīnī opus Alcimedontis;
But, something you yourself will admit is far greater, since you are set on playing the madman, I will stake beechwood cups, the carved work of divine Alcimedon;
Ecl. 3.38lenta quibus tornō facilī superaddita vītis
diffūsōs hederā vestit pallente corymbōs:
40in mediō duo signa, Conōn, et—quis fuit alter,
dēscrīpsit radiō tōtum quī gentibus orbem,
tempora quae messor, quae curvus arātor habēret?
on them a pliant vine, added by a deft lathe, clothes clusters of berries spread with pale ivy: in the middle are two figures, Conon, and—who was the other, who marked out with his rod the whole heavens for the nations, what seasons the reaper, what seasons the bent ploughman should keep?
Ecl. 3.43Necdum illīs labra admōvī, sed condita servō.I have not yet put my lips to them, but keep them stored away. Ecl. 3.44Et nōbīs īdem Alcimedōn duo pōcula fēcit,
45et mollī circum est ānsās amplexus acanthō,
Orpheaque in mediō posuit silvāsque sequentīs.
For me too the same Alcimedon made two cups, and wreathed the handles round with soft acanthus, and set Orpheus in the middle and the woods following him.

Ecl. 3.47Necdum illīs labra admōvī, sed condita servō:
sī ad vitulam spectās, nihil est quod pōcula laudēs.
I have not yet put my lips to them, but keep them stored away: if you look at the heifer, there is nothing to praise in the cups.
Ecl. 3.49Nunquam hodiē effugiēs;You will never escape today; Ecl. 3.49veniam, quōcumque vocārī
50audiat haec tantum—vel quī venit ecce Palaemōn
efficiam posthāc nē quemquam vōce lacessās.
I will come wherever you call me; only let him hear this—even he who is coming, look, Palaemon—I will make sure you never challenge anyone with your voice again.
Ecl. 3.52Quīn age, sī quid habēs, in mē mora nōn erit ūlla,
nec quemquam fugiō: tantum, vīcīne Palaemōn,
sēnsibus haec īmīs, rēs est nōn parva, repōnās.
Come on, then, if you have anything; there will be no delay on my part, nor do I flee from anyone: only, neighbour Palaemon, lay this deep in your mind—it is no small matter.
Ecl. 3.55Dīcite, quandōquidem in mollī cōnsēdimus herbā:
et nunc omnis ager, nunc omnis parturit arbōs,
nunc frondent silvae, nunc fōrmōsissimus annus.
Sing, since we have sat down on the soft grass: and now every field, now every tree is bearing, now the woods are in leaf, now the year is at its loveliest.

Ecl. 3.58Incipe, Damoeta;Begin, Damoetas; Ecl. 3.58tū deinde Sequere Menalca:
alternīs dīcētis;
you then follow, Menalcas: you will sing in turn;
Ecl. 3.59amant alterna Camēnae.the Camenae love alternate song. Ecl. 3.60Ab Iove prīncipium, Mūsae;From Jupiter is the beginning, Muses; Ecl. 3.60Iovis omnia plēna:
ille colit terrās, illī mea carmina cūrae.
all things are full of Jupiter: he tends the earth, my songs are his concern.
Ecl. 3.62Et mē Phoebus amat;And Phoebus loves me; Ecl. 3.62Phoebō sua semper apud mē
mūnera sunt, laurī et suāve rubēns hyacinthus.
Phoebus' own gifts are always with me, laurels and the sweetly blushing hyacinth.
Ecl. 3.64Mālō mē Galatēa petit, lascīva puella,
65et fugit ad salicēs, et sē cupit ante vidērī.
Galatea pelts me with an apple, a playful girl, and runs off to the willows, and wants to be seen first.
Ecl. 3.66At mihi sēsē offert ultrō, meus ignis, Amyntās,
notior ut iam sit canibus nōn Dēlia nostrīs.
But my flame Amyntas offers himself to me unasked, so that now even Delia is no better known to my dogs.
Ecl. 3.68Parta meae Venerī sunt mūnera: namque notāvī
ipse locum, āëriae quō congessēre palumbēs.
I have gifts ready for my Venus: for I have marked myself the place where the airy wood-pigeons have built.

Ecl. 3.70Quod potuī, puerō silvestrī ex arbore lēcta
aurea māla decem mīsī;
What I could, I have sent the boy: ten golden apples picked from a woodland tree;
Ecl. 3.71crās altera mittam.tomorrow I will send ten more. Ecl. 3.72Ō quotiēns et quae nōbīs Galatēa locūta est!O how often, and what words, Galatea has spoken to me! Ecl. 3.73partem aliquam, ventī, dīvom referātis ad aurīs!Some part of them, winds, carry to the ears of the gods! Ecl. 3.74Quid prōdest, quod mē ipse animō nōn spernis, Amynta.What good is it, Amyntas, that you yourself do not spurn me in your heart. Ecl. 3.75sī, dum tū sectāris aprōs, ego rētia servō?if, while you hunt the boars, I am left to watch the nets? Ecl. 3.76Phyllida mitte mihi: meus est nātālis, Iolla;Send me Phyllis: it is my birthday, Iollas; Ecl. 3.77cum faciam vitulā prō frūgibus, ipse venītō.when I sacrifice a heifer for the crops, come yourself. Ecl. 3.78Phyllida amō ante aliās;I love Phyllis above all others; Ecl. 3.78nam mē discēdere flēvit,
et longum "fōrmōse, valē, valē," inquit, "Iolla."
for she wept when I left, and said a long 'Farewell, farewell, lovely Iollas.'
Ecl. 3.80Trīste lupus stabulīs, mātūrīs frūgibus imbrēs.The wolf is a grim thing to the folds, rain to the ripe crops.

Ecl. 3.81arboribus ventī, nōbīs Amaryllidis īrae.winds to the trees, to me the anger of Amaryllis. Ecl. 3.82Dulce satis ūmor, dēpulsīs arbutus haedīs,
lenta salix fētō pecorī, mihi sōlus Amyntās.
Moisture is sweet to the sown corn, the arbutus to the weaned kids, the pliant willow to the breeding flock, to me Amyntas alone.
Ecl. 3.84Polliō amat nostram, quamvīs est rūstica, Mūsam:
85Pīeridēs vitulam lēctōrī pāscite vestrō.
Pollio loves our Muse, though she is rustic: Pierian Muses, fatten a heifer for your reader.
Ecl. 3.86Polliō et ipse facit nova carmina: pāscite taurum,
iam cornū petat et pedibus quī spargat arēnam.
Pollio himself too makes new songs: fatten a bull that already butts with its horn and scatters the sand with its hooves.
Ecl. 3.88Quī tē, Polliō, amat, veniat quō tē quoque gaudet:
mella fluant illī, ferat et rubus asper amōmum.
May he who loves you, Pollio, come where he may rejoice that you too have come: may honey flow for him, and the rough bramble bear spice.
Ecl. 3.90Quī Bavium nōn ōdit, amet tua carmina, Maevī,
atque īdem iungat vulpēs et mulgeat hircōs.
Let him who does not hate Bavius love your songs, Maevius, and let him also yoke foxes and milk he-goats.

Ecl. 3.92Quī legitis flōrēs et humī nāscentia frāga,
frīgidus, Ō puerī, fugite hinc, latet anguis in herbā.
You who gather flowers and strawberries growing low on the ground, flee from here, O boys: a chill snake lurks in the grass.
Ecl. 3.94Parcite, ovēs, nimium prōcēdere;Sheep, do not go too far forward; Ecl. 3.94nōn bene rīpae
95crēditur;
the bank is not safely trusted;
Ecl. 3.95ipse ariēs etiam nunc vellera siccat.the ram himself is even now drying his fleece. Ecl. 3.96Tityre, pāscentēs ā flūmine rēice capellās:
ipse ubi tempus erit, omnīs in fonte lavābō.
Tityrus, drive the grazing she-goats back from the river: when it is time, I myself will wash them all in the spring.
Ecl. 3.98Cōgite ovīs, puerī;Gather the sheep, boys; Ecl. 3.98sī lāc praecēperit aestus,
ut nūper, frūstrā pressābimus ūbera palmīs.
if the heat dries up the milk first, as it did lately, we shall squeeze the udders with our palms in vain.
Ecl. 3.100Heu, heu, quam pinguī macer est mihi taurus in ervō!Alas, alas, how lean my bull is amid the rich vetch! Ecl. 3.101Īdem amor exitium est pecorī pecorisque magistrō.The same love is ruin to the herd and to the herd's master.

Ecl. 3.102Hīs certē neque amor causa est;With these, surely, it is not even love that is the cause; Ecl. 3.102vix ossibus haerent.they scarcely cling to their bones. Ecl. 3.103nesciō quis tenerōs oculus mihi fascinat agnōs.Some evil eye or other bewitches my tender lambs. Ecl. 3.104Dīc, quibus in terrīs—et eris mihi magnus Apollo—
105trīs pateat caelī spatium nōn amplius ulnās.
Tell me in what lands—and you will be great Apollo to me—the expanse of the sky lies open no more than three ells wide.
Ecl. 3.106Dīc, quibus in terrīs īnscrīptī nōmina rēgum
nāscantur flōrēs, et Phyllida sōlus habētō.
Tell me in what lands flowers grow inscribed with the names of kings, and have Phyllis for yourself alone.
Ecl. 3.108Nōn nostrum inter vōs tantās compōnere lītēs.It is not for me to settle so great a dispute between you. Ecl. 3.109Et vitulā tū dignus, et hic, et quisquis amōrēs
110aut metuet dulcēs, aut experiētur amārōs.
You deserve the heifer, and so does he, and so does whoever will either fear the sweetness of love or taste its bitterness.
Ecl. 3.111Claudite iam rīvōs, puerī, sat prāta bibērunt.Close the channels now, boys; the meadows have drunk enough.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, ablative absolute ×4, indirect statement ×4, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (409 words)
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
cuius, -a, -um (interrogative)whose? (archaic, rustic)
pecus, pecoris, n.herd, flock, cattle
an, conj.or (in questions)
nōn, adv.not
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
nūper, adv.newly, lately, recently
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
ō (interj.)O! oh!
semper, adv.always
ovis, -is, f.sheep
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
foveō, -ēre, fōvī, fōtuskeep warm; cherish, favour
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
praeferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātumput before, prefer (sē praeferre: show oneself superior)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
bis (adv.)twice
mulgeō, -ēre, mulsī, mulctusmilk
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
hōra, -ae, f.hour
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
sūcus, -ī, m.juice
lāc, lactis, n.milk
subdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductusdraw up, beach
agnus, -ī m.lamb
parcē (adv.)sparingly, frugally
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
vir, virī, m.man
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
obiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow in the way or to
meminī, meminisseremember
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
trānsversus, -a, -umrunning across, crosswise
tueor, -ērī, tuitus sumwatch over, protect, defend
hircus, -ī m.he-goat, billy goat
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
sed, conj.but
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsuslaugh
sacellum, -ī n.a small shrine
tum, adv.then, at that time
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
arbustum, -ī n.orchard, plantation of trees (for training vines)
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
malus, -a, -umbad
vītis, -is f.vine
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
falx, falcis, f.sickle; curved sword, falchion
novellus, -a, -umyoung, new, newly planted; (as surname) Novellus
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
vetus, veterisold, former
fāgus, -ī f.beech tree
cum, prep, with abl.with
arcus, -ūs, m.bow
frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctusbreak; dash to pieces, wreck
calamus, -ī m.reed, cane; a reed pen
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
perversus, -a, -umtwisted, perverse, wrong-headed
puer, puerī, m.boy
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
doleō, -ēre, doluī, dolitumgrieve, be pained
sī, conj.if
aliquā (adv.)by some way, somehow, somewhere
noceō, -ēre, nocuī, nocitum (+ dat.)harm, hurt
morior, morī, mortuusdie
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
tālis, -esuch
fūr, fūris m.thief
caper, -prī m.he-goat
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
multum, -ī, n.much
lātrō, -āre, -āvībark
clāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout, cry out; proclaim
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
nunc, adv.now
prōripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptusdrag forth; sē prōripere: rush out, dash off
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
cārectum, -ī n.sedge bed, rushes, reeds
lateō, -ēre, -uīlie hid, be concealed
cantō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussing
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
carmen, -minis, n.song, charm
mereō, -ēre, meruī, meritusdeserve, earn
fistula, -ae f.pipe, tube (for water)
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
umquam, adv.ever
cēra, -ae f.wax; a wax-covered writing tablet
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctusjoin; yoke, harness
trivium, -ī n.crossroads, place where three roads meet
indoctus, -a, -umuntaught, ignorant
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
strīdeō, -ēre, strīdīgrate, gnash; strīdēre dentibus: grind the teeth
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
stipula, -ae f.stalk; stubble
disperdō, -ere, -perdidī, -perditusdestroy utterly, ruin
volō, velle, voluīwish
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
nōsplur. of ego
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
vicissim (adv.)in turn
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
vitula, -ae f.heifer, young cow
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
recūsō, -cūsāre, -cūsāvī, -cūsātusgive a reason against, refuse
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
mulctra (mulgtra), -ae f.milking pail
bīnī, -ae, -atwo each, two at a time
alō, -ere, -uī, -tusnourish
ūber, -eris n.teat, breast
fētus, -ūs m.offspring, young; fruit, produce (of plants)
dēpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput down, deposit; lay aside, give up; ē memoriā dēpōnere, to forget
pignus, -oris n.pledge, token, keepsake
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
grex, gregis m.flock, herd; band, gang
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
namque, conj.for
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
pater, patris, m.father
iniūstus, -a, -umunjust, unfair; harsh
noverca, -ae f.stepmother
que, enclitic conj.and
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
numerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount, number; reckon, count as
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
haedus, -ī m.young goat, kid
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
īnsāniō, -īre, -īvībe mad, be out of one's mind
libet, -ēre, libuit (impers.)it pleases; mihi libet: I like, I want
quoniam, conj.since now, since
pōculum, -ī, n.cup
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
fāginus, -a, -umof beech wood, beechen
caelō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusengrave, carve in relief, chase (metal)
dīvīnus, -a, -umdivine, of the gods
opus, operis, n.work, task
lentus, -a, -umslow, sluggish
tornus, -ī m.lathe, turner's chisel
superaddō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd on top, add besides
diffundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour forth, spread or shed abroad, diffuse
hedera, -ae f.ivy
vestiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītumclothe, dress
palleō, -ēre, -uībe pale
corymbus, -ī m.cluster of ivy berries or flowers
medium, -ī n.the middle; in mediō: in the midst
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
dēscrībō, -scrībere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptuswrite out; mark out, arrange, plan
radius, -ī m.rod, spoke; ray, beam (of light)
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
messor, -ōris m.reaper, harvester
curvus, -a, -umcurved, bent
arātor, -ōris m.ploughman
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
necdum (adv.)and not yet, not yet
labrum, -ī n.lip
admoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove up, bring near
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
mollis, -esoft, weak
circum, prep. with acc.around
ānsa, -ae f.handle; occasion, opening, pretext
amplector, -plectī, -plexus sumembrace, hug; welcome, adopt
acanthus, -ī m.acanthus, a plant with curling leaves used as a decorative pattern
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
quod, conj.that, in that, because
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
numquam, adv.never
hodiē (adv.)today
effugio, -fugere, -fūgīflee out or away, escape
quōcumque (adv.)to whatever place; in whatever direction
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
velor; vel … vel: either … or
ecce (interj.)look! see! here is
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
posthāc (adv.)after this, hereafter
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
lacessō, -ere, -īvī, -ītumprovoke, harass
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
mora, -ae, f.delay
ūllus, -a, -umany
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
vīcīnus, -ī m.neighbor
sēnsus, -ūs m.feeling, sensation; perception; sentiment
īmus, -a, -umlowest (ab īmō: from the bottom)
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
repōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set back; store up or away
quandōquidem (conj.)since indeed, seeing that
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
omnis, -eall, every
ager, agri, m.field, land
parturiō, -īre, -īvībe in labour, be about to give birth
arbor, -oris, f.tree
frondeō, -ērebe in leaf, put out leaves
fōrmōsus, -a, -umbeautiful
annus, -ī, m.year
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
deinde, adv.then, next
alternus, -a, -umone after the other, alternating
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
prīncipium, -ī n.beginning; prīncipiō, in the first place
plēnus, -a, -umfull
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
laurus, -ī f.laurel, bay tree
suāvis, -esweet, pleasant
rubeō, -ērebe red, blush
hyacinthus, -ī m.hyacinth, a dark flower (perhaps iris or larkspur)
mālum, -ī n.apple; any tree fruit
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
lascīvus, -a, -umplayful, frisky; wanton
puella, -ae, f.girl, maiden
salix, -icis f.willow
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
at, conj.but
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
ultrō (adv.)of one's own accord; besides (ultrō citrōque: back and forth)
ignis, -is, m.fire
nōtus, -a, -umknown, well-known, famous
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
iam, adv.now, already
canis, -is, m. and f.dog
noster, -tra, -trumour
pariō, -ere, peperī, partusbring forth; win, gain
notō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmark, note; single out
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
āerius, -a, -umairy; high, lofty
congerō, -ere, -gessī, -gestusheap up, bring together
palumbēs (palumbis), -is m./f.wood pigeon, ring dove
silvester, -tris, -trewooded, overgrown with trees
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
decem, indecl. adj.ten
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
crās, adv.tomorrow
quotiēns (adv.)how many times; as often as
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
ventus, -ī, m.wind
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
auris, -is, f.ear
prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuībe of advantage, profit, avail, assist
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
spernō, spernere, sprēvī, sprētusdespise, scorn
sector, -ārī, -ātus sumkeep following, chase after
aper, aprī, m.wild boar
rēte, -is n.net
nātālis, -eof birth (diēs nātālis: birthday)
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
frūx, frūgis f. (usu. pl.)crops, produce
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
nam, conj.for
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
fleō, -ēre, flēvī, flētumweep
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
lupus, -ī m.wolf
stabulum, -ī, n.standing-place, stall, stable, inclosure
mātūrus, -a, -umripe
imber, imbris, m.rain, shower
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
dulcis, -esweet
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
ūmor (hūmor), -ōris m.moisture, liquid, water
dēpellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive off or away, drive
arbutus, -ī f.strawberry tree, arbutus
fētus, -a, -umpregnant; filled, teeming (with)
sōlus, -a, -umalone
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
rūsticus, -a, -umrural, of the country
lēctor, -ōris m.reader
pāscō, pāscere, pāvī, pāstusfeed
vester, -tra, -trumyour
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
taurus, -ī, m.bull
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
pēs, pedis, m.foot
spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsusscatter, sprinkle
harēna, -ae, f.sand; shore
quoque, adv.also
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
mel, mellis n.honey
fluō, -ere, flūxīflow
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
rubus, -ī m.bramble
asper, -era, -erumrough, harsh; difficult
amōmum, -ī n.amomum, an aromatic eastern shrub and its balsam
ōdī, ōdisse, used only in tenses of completed action with the force of tenses of incomplete actionhate
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
vulpēs, -is f.fox
flōs, flōris m.flower
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
frāgum, -ī n.wild strawberry
frīgidus, -a, -umcold
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
anguis, -is, m. and f.serpent, snake
parcō, -ere, pepercī, parsūrusspare, show mercy to (+ dat.)
nimium (adv.)too, too much
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
bene, adv.well; successfully
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
ariēs, -etis, m.ram
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
vellus, velleris, n.fleece
siccō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdry, dry up
flūmen, -minis, n.river
rēiciō, -ere, rēiēcī, rēiectumthrow back, drive back
capella, -ae f.she-goat, little goat
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
fōns, fontis, m.fountain, spring
lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautuswash; passive: bathe
praecipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake beforehand, anticipate; order, charge
aestus, -ūs m.heat; tide
frūstrā, adv.in vain
pressō, -ārepress; squeeze, milk (udders)
palma, -ae f.palm of the hand; flat spreading branch
heu (interj.)alas! oh!
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
pinguis, -efat
macer, -cra, -crumlean, thin, meagre; (of soil) poor
ervum, -ī n.bitter vetch, used as fodder
amor, -ōris, m.love
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
magister, -trī, m.master
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
os, ossis n.bone
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
tener, -era, -erumyoung, tender
oculus, -ī, m.eye
fascinō, -āreput a spell on, bewitch with the evil eye
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
amplius (adv.)more, further
ulna, -ae f.forearm, arm; an ell (measure of length)
īnscrībō, -scrībere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptuswrite on, inscribe
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
rēx, rēgis, m.king
vōsplur. of tū
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
līs, lītis f.lawsuit, dispute; damages
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
amārus, -a, -umbitter
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
rīvus, -ī m.stream, brook
sat (indecl.)enough (= satis)
prātum, -ī n.meadow
bibō, bibere, bibīdrink
Vergil, Eclogues. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.