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Vergil · Aeneid IX

Aeneid 9.25–46

The Trojans shut themselves in

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Aen. 9.25Iamque omnis campīs exercitus ībat apertīs,
dīves equum, dīves pictāï vestis et aurī;
And now the whole army was advancing over the open plains, rich in horses, rich in embroidered robes and gold;
Aen. 9.27Messāpus prīmās aciēs, postrēma coercent
Tyrrhidae iuvenēs, mediō dux agmine Turnus,
30Ceu septem surgēns sēdātīs amnibus altus
per tacitum Gangēs aut pinguī flūmine Nīlus
cum refluit campīs et iam sē condidit alveō.
Messapus controls the front ranks, the young sons of Tyrrhus the rear, and Turnus the leader is in the middle of the column, like the Ganges rising deep in silence, fed by its seven calm streams, or the Nile with its rich flood when it ebbs back from the fields and has now settled into its channel.
Aen. 9.33Hīc subitam nigrō glomerārī pulvere nūbem
prōspiciunt Teucrī ac tenebrās īnsurgere campīs.
Here the Teucrians see from afar a sudden cloud massing with black dust, and darkness rising over the plains.
Aen. 9.35Prīmus ab adversā conclāmat mōle Caīcus:
Quis globus, ō cīvēs, cālīgine volvitur ātrā?
Caicus is the first to cry out from the rampart facing it: 'What mass is this, citizens, rolling on in black gloom?

Aen. 9.37Ferte citī ferrum, date tēla, ascendite mūrōs,
hostis adest, Hēia!
Quick, bring swords, hand out weapons, man the walls; the enemy is here, ho!'
Aen. 9.38Ingentī clamōre per omnīs
condunt sē Teucrī portās et moenia complent.
With a great shout the Teucrians take refuge through all the gates and fill the walls.
Aen. 9.40Namque ita discēdēns praecēperat optumus armīs
Aenēās: Sīqua intereā fortūna fuisset,
neu struere audērent aciem neu crēdere campō;
For so Aeneas, best in arms, had instructed them on leaving: if any chance should arise meanwhile, they were not to dare to draw up a battle line or trust themselves to the plain;
Aen. 9.43castra modo et tūtōs servārent aggere mūrōs.only to guard the camp and the walls kept safe by the rampart. Aen. 9.44Ergō etsī cōnferre manum pudor īraque mōnstrat,
45obiciunt portās tamen et praecepta facessunt
armātīque cavīs expectant turribus hostem.
Therefore, although shame and anger urge them to join battle, they nevertheless bar the gates and carry out his orders, and, armed, await the enemy in their hollow towers.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (107 words)
iam, adv.now, already
que, enclitic conj.and
omnis, -eall, every
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
apertus, -a, -umopen
dīves, dīvitis (superl. dītissimus)rich
equus, -ī, m.horse
pingō, -ere, pīnxī, pictuspaint
vestis, -is, f.clothing, dress, robe
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
aurum, -ī, n.gold
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
postrēmus, -a, -umlast
coerceō, -ēre, coercuī, coercitumrestrain, keep in check
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
ceu (adv.)as, like, just as
septemseven
surgō, -ere, surrēxī, surrēctusrise, get up, stand up
sēdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussettle, calm, put down
amnis, -is m.river
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
tacitus, -a, -umsilent
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
pinguis, -efat
flūmen, -minis, n.river
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
refluō, -ereflow back, ebb
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
alveus, -ī m.hollow vessel; trough, tub; river bed
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
subitus, -a, -umsudden
niger, nigra, nigrumblack
glomerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgather into a ball, mass together
pulvis, -eris m.dust
nūbēs, -is, f.cloud
prōspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumlook ahead, provide for (+ dat.)
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
tenebrae, -ārum f. pl.darkness
īnsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctumrise up, rise to (a blow); rise against
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
conclāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumshout out, cry out
mōlēs, -is f.mass; dam, breakwater
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
globus, -ī m.ball; band, group of people
ō (interj.)O! oh!
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
cālīgō, -inis f.mist, fog; darkness, gloom
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
āter, ātra, ātrumblack, dark; gloomy
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
citus, -a, -umquick, swift
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
ascendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb to, ascend, mount
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
ēia (heia), interj.come on! quick!
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
compleō, -plēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill full, fill up
namque, conj.for
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
praecipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake beforehand, anticipate; order, charge
bonus, -a, -umgood
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
sī quis, sī qua, sī quidif anyone, if any (sī + the indefinite quis)
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
nēve or neu, conj.and that not, and not, nor
struō, -ere, strūxī, strūctusbuild, construct; arrange
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
modo, adv.only
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
agger, aggeris m.mound, siege ramp
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
etsī, conj.even if, although
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
manus, -ūs, f.hand
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
mōnstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, show
obiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow in the way or to
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
praeceptum, -ī n.instruction, order
facessō, -ere, -īvī, -ītumcarry out; go away, be off
armātus, -a, -umarmed
cavus, -a, -umhollow
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
turris, -is f.tower; siege tower
Vergil, Aeneid IX. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.