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Lectitō › Vergil › Aeneid, Book 8 › Aeneid 8.219–261

Vergil · Aeneid VIII

Aeneid 8.219–261

Hercules storms the cave of Cacus

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Aen. 8.219Hīc vērō Alcīdae furiīs Exarserat ātrō
220felle dolor: rapit arma manū nōdīsque gravātum
rōbur et āeriī cursū petit ardua montis.
Then indeed the indignation of Alcides blazed up in fury with black bile: he snatches his weapons in his hand, and his club heavy with knots, and makes at a run for the heights of the lofty mountain.
Aen. 8.222Tum prīmum nostrī Cācum vīdēre timentem
turbātumque oculīs: fugit īlicet ōcior Eurō
spēluncamque petit, pedibus timor addidit alās.
Then for the first time our people saw Cacus afraid and with troubled eyes: at once he flees, swifter than the East Wind, and makes for his cave; fear added wings to his feet.
Aen. 8.225Ut sēsē inclūsit ruptīsque immāne catēnīs
dēiēcit saxum, ferrō quod et arte paternā
pendēbat, fultōsque ēmūniit obice postīs,
ecce furēns animīs aderat Tīrynthius omnemque
accessum lūstrāns hūc ōra ferēbat et illūc,
230dentibus īnfrendēns.
When he had shut himself in and, breaking the chains, let fall the huge rock which hung there by iron and his father's art, and had barricaded the propped doorposts with the barrier, look, the Tirynthian was there, raging in spirit, and scanning every approach he turned his face this way and that, gnashing his teeth.

Aen. 8.230Ter tōtum fervidus īrā
lūstrat Aventīnī montem, ter saxea temptat
līmina nēquīquam, ter fessus valle resēdit.
Three times, burning with anger, he surveys the whole Aventine hill, three times he tries the rocky doorway in vain, three times he sank down exhausted in the valley.
Aen. 8.233Stābat acūta silex, praecīsīs undique saxīs
spēluncae dorsō īnsurgēns, altissima vīsū,
235dīrārum nīdīs domus opportūna volucrum.
There stood a pointed flint crag, cut away on all sides, rising from the back of the cave, very high to the sight, a fit home for the nests of ill-omened birds.
Aen. 8.236Hanc, ut prōna iugō laevum incumbēbat in amnem,
dexter in adversum nītēns concussit et īmīs
āvolsam solvit rādīcibus;
This, as it leaned forward from the ridge towards the river on the left, he shook, straining against it from the right, and tore it loose from its lowest roots and wrenched it free;
Aen. 8.238inde repente
inpulit, inpulsū quō maximus intonat aethēr
240dissultant rīpae refluitque exterritus amnis.
then suddenly he thrust it down, and with that thrust the vast sky thunders, the banks leap apart and the terrified river flows back.

Aen. 8.241At specus et Cācī dētēcta appāruit ingēns
rēgia, et umbrōsae penitus patuēre cavernae:
nōn secus ac Sīqua penitus vī terra dēhīscēns
īnfernās reseret sēdēs et regna reclūdat
245pallida, dīs invīsa, superque immāne barathrum
cernātur, trepident inmissō lūmine mānēs.
But the cave and the huge palace of Cacus appeared, laid bare, and the shadowy caverns lay open to their depths: just as if the earth, gaping deep by some force, should unlock the infernal seats and lay open the pale realms hated by the gods, and from above the monstrous abyss should be seen, and the ghosts tremble as the light streams in.
Aen. 8.247Ergō īnspērātā dēprēnsum lūce repente
inclūsumque cavō saxō atque īnsuēta rudentem
dēsuper Alcīdēs tēlīs premit omniaque arma
250advocat et rāmīs vāstīsque molāribus īnstat.
So, as Cacus was caught suddenly in unexpected light, shut in the hollow rock and roaring as never before, Alcides presses on him from above with missiles, calls every weapon to his aid, and assails him with branches and huge millstones.
Aen. 8.251Ille autem, neque enim fuga iam super ūlla perīclī,
faucibus ingentem fūmum (mīrābile dictū)
ēvomit involvitque domum cālīgine caecā,
prōspectum ēripiēns oculīs, glomeratque sub antrō
255fūmiferam noctem commixtīs igne tenebrīs.
But he, since there was no escape from danger left any longer, belches from his throat huge smoke (wonderful to tell) and wraps his home in blinding gloom, snatching sight from the eyes, and rolls up smoky night within the cave, with darkness mixed with fire.

Aen. 8.256Nōn tulit Alcīdēs animīs sēque ipse per ignem
praecipitī iēcit saltū, quā plūrimus undam
fūmus agit nebulāque ingēns specus aestuat ātrā.
Alcides did not endure this in his anger, and himself flung himself with a headlong leap through the fire, where the smoke drives its billows thickest and the huge cave seethes with black fog.
Aen. 8.259Hīc Cācum in tenebrīs incendia vāna vomentem
260corripit in nōdum complexus et angit inhaerēns
ēlīsōs oculōs et siccum sanguine guttur.
Here, as Cacus spews out useless flames in the darkness, he seizes him, gripping him in a knot, and, clinging, throttles him till his eyes start out and his throat is drained of blood.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×4, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (210 words)
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
furiae, -ārum f. pl.frenzy, rage; the Furies
exārdēscō, -ārdēscere, -ārsī, -ārsusblaze out, be inflamed, rage
āter, ātra, ātrumblack, dark; gloomy
fel, fellis n.gall, bile; poison, venom; bitterness
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
manus, -ūs, f.hand
nōdus, -ī m.knot; knob, joint
que, enclitic conj.and
gravō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusweigh down, make heavy
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
āerius, -a, -umairy; high, lofty
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
arduus, -a, -umsteep, difficult
mōns, montis, m.mountain
tum, adv.then, at that time
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
noster, -tra, -trumour
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
oculus, -ī, m.eye
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
īlicet (adv.)at once, immediately
ōcior, -ius (comp.)swifter, quicker
spēlunca, -ae, f.cave, cavern
pēs, pedis, m.foot
timor, -ōris, m.fear
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
ala, -ae, f.wing
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
inclūdō, -clūdere, -clūsī, -clūsusshut up in, inclose, imprison
rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptusbreak, burst
immānis, -ehuge, enormous; savage
catēna, -ae, f.chain
dēiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow down, cast, drive out of one's course
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ars, artis, f.art
paternus, -a, -umof a father, a father's
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
fulciō, -īre, fulsī, fultusprop up, support, hold up
ēmūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify, strengthen; make passable (by building roads over)
obex, -icis m./f.bar, bolt, barrier; obstacle
postis, -is m.doorpost; door
ecce (interj.)look! see! here is
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
omnis, -eall, every
accessus, -ūs m.approach, access
lūstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspurify by sacrifice; review (an army)
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
illūc (adv.)to that place, there
dēns, dentis, m.tooth
īnfrendō, -eregnash (the teeth)
ter (adv.)three times
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
fervidus, -a, -umboiling, burning; fiery, hot-headed
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
saxeus, -a, -umof stone, stony; saxea grandō: hailstones like stones
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
līmen, -minis, n.threshold; door
nēquīquam (adv.)in vain, without reason
fessus, -a, -umexhausted, worn out, weary
vallis, -is, f.valley
resīdō, -sīdere, -sēdīsettle down, subside
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
acūtus, -a, -umsharp, pointed
silex, -icis m.flint
praecīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut off
undique, adv.from or on all sides
dorsum, -ī n.back; ridge (of a hill)
īnsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctumrise up, rise to (a blow); rise against
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
dīrus, -a, -umdreadful
nīdus, -ī m.nest
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
volucris, -is, f.bird
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
prōnus, -a, -umleaning forward; inclined, prone (to)
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
laevus, -a, -umleft; ad laevam (manum): on the left
incumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumlean on; throw oneself into, devote oneself to
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
amnis, -is m.river
dexter, -tra, -trumright
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
nītor, -ī, nīxus sum (+ abl.)rely on
concutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake violently; shake, weaken
īmus, -a, -umlowest (ab īmō: from the bottom)
āvellō, -ere, -vellī (-vulsī), -vulsustear away, wrench off
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
rādīx, -īcis f.root; (of a hill) foot
inde (adv.)from there; then
repente (adv.)suddenly
impellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive or urge on, incite, urge
impulsus, -ūs m.push; urging, instigation
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
intonō, -āre, -uīthunder
aethēr, -eris m. (acc. aethera)the upper air, the sky
dissultō, -āreleap apart; bounce off; (of noise) burst out
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
refluō, -ereflow back, ebb
exterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten badly, terrify
at, conj.but
specus, -ūs m.cave, grotto
dētegō, -ere, -tēxī, -tēctusuncover, unroof; reveal
appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itumappear, come into view, show oneself
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
rēgia, -ae, f.palace
umbrōsus, -a, -umshady
penitus (adv.)deep within, far inside
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
caverna, -ae f.hollow, cavity, cave
nōn, adv.not
secus (prep. + acc.)beside, along
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
sī quis, sī qua, sī quidif anyone, if any (sī + the indefinite quis)
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
dēhīscō, -ere, -hīvīsplit open, gape
īnfernus, -a, -umbelow, of the underworld; (pl. as noun) the gods below
reserō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusunbar, unlock, open
sēdēs, -is, f.seat, abode
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
reclūdō, -ere, -clūsī, -clūsumopen up, disclose; uncover
pallidus, -a, -umpale, pallid
deus, -ī, m.god
invīsus, -a, -umhated, hateful (to: dat.)
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
barathrum, -ī n.abyss, pit; the underworld
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētusdiscern, perceive, make out
trepidō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe in a panic, hurry about in alarm
immittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend or let in
lūmen, -minis, n.light
mānēs, -ium, m. plur.spirit, shade
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
īnspērātus, -a, -umunhoped-for, unexpected
dēprendō, -prendere, -prendī, -prēnsusseize, catch; take by surprise
lūx, lūcis, f.light
cavus, -a, -umhollow
īnsuētus, -a, -um (+ gen.)unused (to), unaccustomed
rudō, -ere, rudīvī, rudītusroar, bray, bellow
dēsuper, adv.down from above
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
advocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon (contiōnem advocāre: call an assembly)
rāmus, -ī, m.branch, bough
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
molāris, -is m.millstone; large rock, boulder
īnstō, -āre, -stitīpress on; be at hand
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
enim, conj.for
fuga, -ae, f.flight
iam, adv.now, already
ūllus, -a, -umany
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
faucēs, -ium f. pl.throat; narrow pass, gorge
fūmus, -ī, m.smoke
mīrābilis, -ewonderful, marvellous
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
ēvomō, -vomere, -vomuī, -vomitusvomit forth
involvō, -ere, -volvī, -volūtusroll up, wrap, envelop
cālīgō, -inis f.mist, fog; darkness, gloom
caecus, -a, -umblind
prōspectus, -ūs m.view
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
glomerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgather into a ball, mass together
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
antrum, -ī, n.cave
fūmifer, -era, -erumsmoky, smoke-bearing
nox, noctis, f.night
commisceō, -ēre, -miscuī, -mixtusmix together, mingle
ignis, -is, m.fire
tenebrae, -ārum f. pl.darkness
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
praeceps, -cipitisheadlong
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
saltus, -ūs m.wooded pass, forest glade, woodland
quā, adv.in which place, where
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
unda, -ae, f.wave
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
nebula, -ae f.mist, cloud
aestuō, -āre, -āvīboil, seethe; burn (with passion or envy)
incendium, -ī n.fire, burning
vānus, -a, -umempty, idle, vain; in vanum: in vain
vomō, -ere, -uī, -itusvomit, spew out, pour forth
corripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptusseize, snatch, snatch up
complector, -plectī, -plexusembrace
angō, -ere, ānxīchoke; (pass.) be vexed, be distressed
inhaereō, -ēre, -haesī, -haesuscling to, stick fast
ēlīdō, -ere, -līsī, -līsusdash out, dash down
siccus, -a, -umdry; (n. as noun) dry land
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
guttur, -uris n.throat
Vergil, Aeneid VIII. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.