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Vergil · Aeneid V

Aeneid 5.575–603

The Game of Troy

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Aen. 5.575Excipiunt plausū pavidōs, gaudentque tuentēs
Dardanidae, veterumque adgnōscunt ōra parentum.
The Dardanians receive the nervous boys with applause, and rejoice at the sight, and recognise the faces of their ancestors.
Aen. 5.577Postquam omnem laetī cōnsessum oculōsque suōrum
lūstrāvēre in equīs, signum clamōre parātīs
Epytidēs longē dedit īnsonuitque flagellō.
After they had ridden happily round the whole gathering before the eyes of their families, Epytides from far off gave the signal with a shout to them as they stood ready and cracked his whip.
Aen. 5.580Ollī discurrēre parēs, atque agmina ternī
dīductīs solvēre chorīs, rūrsusque vocātī
convertēre viās īnfestaque tēla tulēre.
They galloped apart in equal numbers, and in threes broke up their columns, dividing the bands, and, called back again, wheeled round and bore their weapons levelled.
Aen. 5.583Inde aliōs ineunt cursūs aliōsque recursūs
adversī spatiīs, alternōsque orbibus orbēs
585impediunt, pugnaeque cient simulācra sub armīs;
Then they enter other runs and other counter-runs, facing each other across the space, and interweave circles with alternate circles, and in arms call up mock images of battle;
Aen. 5.586et nunc terga fugā nūdant, nunc spīcula vertunt
īnfēnsī, factā pariter nunc pāce feruntur.
and now they bare their backs in flight, now turn their spears in hostility, now, peace made, ride along side by side.

Aen. 5.588Ut quondam Crētā fertur Labyrinthus in altā
parietibus textum caecīs iter, ancipitemque
590mīlle viīs habuisse dolum, quā signa sequendī
falleret indēprēnsus et inremeābilis error;
As once in lofty Crete, they say, the Labyrinth held a path woven between blind walls and a baffling deceit of a thousand ways, where the wandering, undetectable and irretraceable, would defeat the clues for following;
Aen. 5.592haud aliō Teucrum nātī vestīgia cursū
impediunt texuntque fugās et proelia lūdō,
delphīnum similēs, quī per maria ūmida nandō
595Carpathium Libycumque secant,
Hunc mōrem cursūs atque haec certāmina prīmus
Ascanius, Longam mūrīs cum cingeret Albam,
rettulit, et prīscōs docuit celebrāre Latīnōs,
quō puer ipse modō, sēcum quō Trōïa pūbēs;
in no other course do the sons of the Trojans entangle their tracks and weave flights and battles in play, like dolphins which, swimming through the wet seas, cut the Carpathian and Libyan waters. This custom of riding and these contests Ascanius first revived, when he was ringing Alba Longa with walls, and taught the early Latins to celebrate them, in the way he himself as a boy, in the way the Trojan youth with him had done;
Aen. 5.600Albānī docuēre suōs;the Albans taught their own sons; Aen. 5.600hinc maxima porrō
accēpit Rōma, et patrium servāvit honōrem;
from them in turn mighty Rome received it and preserved the ancestral rite;
Aen. 5.602Troiaque nunc puerī, Trōiānum dīcitur agmen.and now the boys are called Troy, the troop Trojan.

Aen. 5.603Hāc celebrāta tenus sānctō certāmina patrī.So far were the games celebrated in honour of the holy father.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (132 words)
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
plausus, -ūs, m.applause
pavidus, -a, -umfrightened
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
que, enclitic conj.and
tueor, -ērī, tuitus sumwatch over, protect, defend
vetus, veterisold, former
agnōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus, recognize
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
omnis, -eall, every
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
cōnsessus, -ūs m.assembly of spectators, audience; seating together
oculus, -ī, m.eye
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
lūstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspurify by sacrifice; review (an army)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
equus, -ī, m.horse
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
longē, adv.far
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
īnsonō, -āre, -sonuīresound, echo
flagellum, -ī n.whip, scourge
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
discurrō, -ere, -currī, -cursumrun in different directions, scatter
pār, parisequal
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
ternī, -ae, -athree each, three at a time
dīdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductumspread out, divide
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
chorus, -ī m.dance in a ring; band of dancers
rūrsus, adv.again
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
via, -ae, f.road, way
īnfestus, -a, -umunsafe, dangerous
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
inde (adv.)from there; then
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
ineō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo into, enter; adopt
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
recursus, -ūs m.running back, return; ebb (of the sea)
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
alternus, -a, -umone after the other, alternating
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
impediō, -pedīre, -pedīvī, -pedītushinder, prevent, impede
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
cieō, ciēre, cīvī, citusset in motion, stir up; pugnam ciēre: start the fight
simulācrum, -ī n.image, statue
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
nunc, adv.now
tergum, -ī, n.back
fuga, -ae, f.flight
nūdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstrip, leave bare
spīculum, -ī n.point, sharp tip; dart, arrow
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
īnfēnsus, -a, -umhostile, angry (with: dat.)
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
pariter (adv.)equally, alike; at the same time
pāx, pācis f.peace
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
pariēs, -etis m.wall (of a house)
texō, -ere, -uī, -tusweave
caecus, -a, -umblind
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
anceps, ancipitistwo-sided, on two fronts; doubtful
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
dolus, -ī, m.trick, craft
quā, adv.in which place, where
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
indēprēnsus, -a, -umundetected, not to be discovered
inremeābilis (irremeābilis), -efrom which there is no return
error, -ōris m.wandering; mistake, error
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
lūdus, -ī, m.game, sport
delphīn, -īnis m. (acc. -īna)dolphin
similis, -elike, similar (vērī similis: likely)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
mare, maris, n.sea
ūmidus, -a, -umwet, damp, moist
nō, nāre, nāvīswim
Carpathius, -a, -umof Carpathus, island between Crete and Rhodes; Carpathian (sea)
Libycus, -a, -umLibyan, African
secō, -āre, secuī, sectuscut; (of fodder) mow
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
prīscus, -a, -umancient, of olden times; Prīscī Latīnī: the Old Latins
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
celebrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthrong; keep (a festival), celebrate
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
puer, puerī, m.boy
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
Trōius, -a, -umTrojan
pūbēs, -erisadult, grown-up (of men of military age)
Albānus, -a, -umAlban, of Alba Longa; mōns Albānus: the Alban Mount; (m. pl. as noun) the Albans
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
porrō (adv.)further on; moreover
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
honor, -ōris, m.honor
Trōiānus, -a, -umTrojan
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
tenus (prep. + abl., after its noun)as far as, up to
sānctus, -a, -umconsecrated, sacred
pater, patris, m.father
Vergil, Aeneid V. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.