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Vergil · Aeneid III

Aeneid 3.192–257

Storm at sea and the Harpies

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Aen. 3.192Postquam altum tenuēre ratēs, nec iam amplius ūllae
adpārent terrae, caelum undique et undique pontus,
tum mihi caeruleus suprā caput adstitit imber,
195noctem hiememque ferēns, et inhorruit unda tenebrīs.
When the ships had reached the open sea, and no land any longer was in sight, sky everywhere and everywhere sea, then a dark-blue rain-cloud stood over my head, bringing night and storm, and the wave bristled in the darkness.
Aen. 3.196Continuō ventī volvunt mare, magnaque surgunt
aequora;
At once the winds roll the sea, and great waves rise;
Aen. 3.197dispersī iactāmur gurgite vāstō;scattered, we are tossed over the vast abyss; Aen. 3.198involvēre diem nimbī, et nox ūmida caelum
abstulit;
storm-clouds wrapped up the day, and a rainy night took away the sky;
Aen. 3.199ingeminant abruptīs nūbibus ignēs.lightning flashes redouble as the clouds are torn. Aen. 3.200Excutimur cursū, et caecīs errāmus in undīs.We are driven off course and wander on blind waves. Aen. 3.201Ipse diem noctemque negat discernere caelō,
nec meminisse viae mediā Palinūrus in undā.
Palinurus himself says he cannot tell day from night in the sky, nor remember the way in the midst of the waves.

Aen. 3.203Trīs adeō incertōs caecā cālīgine sōlēs
errāmus pelagō, totidem sine sīdere noctēs.
For three whole days, made uncertain by blind darkness, we wander over the sea, and as many starless nights.
Aen. 3.205Quartō terra diē prīmum sē attollere tandem
vīsa, aperīre procul montīs, ac volvere fūmum.
On the fourth day land was seen at last first to rise, to open up mountains in the distance, and to roll up smoke.
Aen. 3.207Vēla cadunt, remīs īnsurgimus;The sails drop, we rise to the oars; Aen. 3.207haud mora nautae
adnīxī torquent spūmās et caerula verrunt.
without delay the sailors strain, churn the foam and sweep the dark-blue waters.
Aen. 3.209Servātum ex undīs Strophadum mē lītora prīmum
210accipiunt;
Saved from the waves, I am received first by the shores of the Strophades;
Aen. 3.210Strophadēs Grāiō stant nōmine dictae,
īnsulae Īoniō in magnō, quās dīra Celaenō
Harpȳiaeque colunt aliae, Phineia postquam
clausa domus, mēnsāsque metū līquēre priōrēs.
the Strophades, so called by a Greek name, are islands in the great Ionian sea, which dread Celaeno and the other Harpies inhabit, since Phineus' house was closed to them and in fear they left their former tables.

Aen. 3.214Trīstius haud illīs mōnstrum, nec saevior ūlla
215pestis et īra deum Stygiīs sēsē extulit undīs.
No monster more grim than they, no plague and wrath of the gods more savage ever raised itself from the Stygian waters.
Aen. 3.216Virgineī volucrum voltus, foedissima ventris
prōluviēs, uncaeque manūs, et pallida semper
ōra fame.
These birds have maidens' faces, a most foul discharge from the belly, hooked hands, and features always pale with hunger.
Aen. 3.219Hūc ubi dēlātī portūs intrāvimus, ecce
220laeta boum passim campīs armenta vidēmus,
caprigenumque pecus nūllō custōde per herbās.
When we were carried here and entered the harbour, look, we see fine herds of cattle all over the plains, and flocks of goats on the grass with no one guarding them.
Aen. 3.222Inruimus ferrō, et dīvōs ipsumque vocāmus
in partem praedamque Iovem;
We rush upon them with the sword and call the gods and Jupiter himself to share the spoil;
Aen. 3.223tum lītore curvō
exstruimusque torōs, dapibusque epulāmur opīmīs.
then on the curving shore we build couches and feast on the rich meal.
Aen. 3.225At subitae horrificō lāpsū dē montibus adsunt
Harpȳiae, et magnīs quatiunt clangōribus alās,
dīripiuntque dapēs, contāctūque omnia foedant
immundō;
But suddenly, with a terrifying swoop from the mountains, the Harpies are upon us, and shake their wings with a great clanging, and tear the feast apart, and befoul everything with their filthy touch;
Aen. 3.228tum vōx taetrum dīra inter odōrem.then, amid the foul stench, a dreadful screech.

Aen. 3.229Rūrsum in sēcessū longō sub rūpe cavātā,
230arboribus clausī circum atque horrentibus umbrīs,
īnstruimus mēnsās ārīsque repōnimus ignem:
rūrsum ex dīversō caelī caecīsque latebrīs
turba sonāns praedam pedibus circumvolat uncīs,
polluit ōre dapēs.
Again, in a deep recess beneath a hollowed rock, closed in by trees and bristling shadows all around, we set out the tables and renew the fire on the altars: again, from a different quarter of the sky and from hidden lairs, the shrieking flock flies round the prey with hooked feet and pollutes the food with their mouths.
Aen. 3.234Sociīs tunc, arma capessant,
235ēdīcō, et dīrā bellum cum gente gerendum.
Then I tell my comrades to take up arms, and that war must be waged with the dread race.
Aen. 3.236Haud secus ac iussī faciunt, tēctōsque per herbam
dispōnunt ēnsēs et scūta latentia condunt.
They do just as ordered, and lay out their swords hidden in the grass, and conceal their shields out of sight.
Aen. 3.238Ergō ubi dēlapsae sonitum per curva dedēre
lītora, dat signum speculā Mīsēnus ab altā
240aere cavō.
So when the Harpies swooped down and raised their noise along the curving shore, Misenus from a high lookout gives the signal on his hollow bronze.

Aen. 3.240Invādunt sociī, et nova proelia temptant,
obscēnās pelagī ferrō foedāre volucrēs:
sed neque vim plūmīs ūllam nec volnera tergō
accipiunt, celerīque fugā sub sīdera lapsae
sēmēsam praedam et vestīgia foeda relinquunt.
My comrades attack and try a strange new kind of battle, to wound with steel these foul birds of the sea: but they receive no force on their feathers nor wounds on their backs, and gliding off in swift flight beneath the stars, they leave the half-eaten prey and foul traces.
Aen. 3.245Ūna in praecelsā cōnsēdit rūpe Celaenō,
īnfēlīx vātēs, rumpitque hanc pectore vōcem:
Bellum etiam prō caede boum strātīsque iuvencīs,
Lāomedontiadae, bellumne īnferre parātis,
et patriō Harpȳiās īnsontīs pellere regnō?
Celaeno alone perched on a towering rock, ill-omened prophetess, and bursts out with this cry from her breast: 'Is it war too, in return for the slaughter of cattle and slain bullocks, sons of Laomedon, is it war you are ready to bring, and to drive the innocent Harpies from their ancestral kingdom?
Aen. 3.250Accipite ergō animīs atque haec mea fīgite dicta,
quae Phoebō pater omnipotēns, mihi Phoebus Apollo
praedīxit, vōbīs Furiārum ego maxuma pandō.
Take then into your hearts and fix there these words of mine, which the almighty father foretold to Phoebus, Phoebus Apollo to me, and which I, greatest of the Furies, reveal to you.

Aen. 3.253Ītaliam cursū petitis, ventīsque vocātīs
ībitis Ītaliam, portūsque intrāre licēbit;
You are making for Italy on your course, and, having called on the winds, you will reach Italy, and you will be permitted to enter its harbours;
Aen. 3.255sed nōn ante datam cingētis moenibus urbem,
quam vōs dīra famēs nostraeque iniūria caedis
ambēsās subigat mālīs absūmere mēnsās.
but you will not gird with walls the city granted you before dread hunger and the wrong of your slaughter of us force you to gnaw round and devour your tables with your jaws.'

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, indirect statement ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (285 words)
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
altum, -ī n.the deep, the open sea; a height
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
ratis, -is f.raft
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
iam, adv.now, already
amplius (adv.)more, further
ūllus, -a, -umany
appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itumappear, come into view, show oneself
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
undique, adv.from or on all sides
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tum, adv.then, at that time
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
caeruleus, -a, -umdark blue
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
caput, capitis, n.head
adstō, -stāre, -stitīstand at or near
imber, imbris, m.rain, shower
nox, noctis, f.night
hiems, hiemis f.winter
que, enclitic conj.and
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
inhorrēscō, -ere, -horruībristle, shiver, quiver
unda, -ae, f.wave
tenebrae, -ārum f. pl.darkness
continuō (adv.)at once, immediately
ventus, -ī, m.wind
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
mare, maris, n.sea
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
surgō, -ere, surrēxī, surrēctusrise, get up, stand up
aequor, -oris n.level surface; the sea
dispergō, -ere, -spersī, -spersumscatter
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtoss about; discuss
gurges, -itis m.whirlpool; the deep, the sea
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
involvō, -ere, -volvī, -volūtusroll up, wrap, envelop
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
nimbus, -ī m.rain-cloud, storm-cloud
ūmidus, -a, -umwet, damp, moist
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
ingeminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumredouble
abrumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptusbreak off, cut short
nūbēs, -is, f.cloud
ignis, -is, m.fire
excutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake off, shake out
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
caecus, -a, -umblind
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
discernō, -ere, -crēvī, -crētusseparate; distinguish, tell apart
meminī, meminisseremember
via, -ae, f.road, way
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
cālīgō, -inis f.mist, fog; darkness, gloom
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
pelagus, -ī n.the sea, the open sea
totidem (indecl.)just as many
sine, prep. with abl.without
sīdus, -eris n.star, constellation
quartus, -a, -umfourth
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
attollō, -erelift up, raise
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
aperiō, -īre, -uī, -tusopen
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
mōns, montis, m.mountain
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
fūmus, -ī, m.smoke
vēlum, -ī n.sail
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
rēmus, -ī, m.oar
īnsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctumrise up, rise to (a blow); rise against
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
mora, -ae, f.delay
nauta, -ae, m.sailor
adnītor, -nītī, -nīsus sumlean on; exert oneself, support (someone's cause)
torqueō, torquēre, torsī, tortusturn
spūma, -ae f.foam
verrō, -ere, versussweep
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
Grāius, -a, -umGreek; saltus Graius: the Graian (Little St Bernard) pass in the Alps
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
īnsula, -ae, f.island
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
dīrus, -a, -umdreadful
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
Phineius, -a, -umof Phineus, the Thracian king plagued by the Harpies
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
mēnsa, -ae f.table
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
linquō, -ere, līquīleave
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
mōnstrum, -ī, n.wonder, monster
saevus, -a, -umfierce, savage
pestis, -is f.plague, pest; ruin, destruction
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
deus, -ī, m.god
Stygius, -a, -umof the Styx, Stygian; of the underworld
efferō, -ferre, extulī, ēlātumcarry out, bring out
virgineus, -a, -umof a maiden, virgin
volucris, -is, f.bird
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
foedus, -a, -umfoul, loathsome, hideous
venter, ventris, m.belly
prōluviēs, -ēī f.overflow, discharge, filth
uncus, -a, -umhooked
manus, -ūs, f.hand
pallidus, -a, -umpale, pallid
semper, adv.always
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
famēs, -is, abl. famē, f.hunger
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
portus, -ūs, m.harbor, haven, port
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgo within or into, enter
ecce (interj.)look! see! here is
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
bōs, bovis, gen. plur. boum, dat. and abl. plur. bōbus, m. and f.ox, bull, cow
passim (adv.)here and there, in all directions
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
armentum, -ī n.herd (of cattle)
caprigenus, -a, -umgoat-born; caprigenum pecus: goats
pecus, pecoris, n.herd, flock, cattle
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
inruō, -ruere, -ruīrush in
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
curvus, -a, -umcurved, bent
exstruō, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctuspile or heap up, build, erect
torus, -ī m.cushion, mattress; couch
daps, dapis f.sacrificial feast, banquet
epulor, -ārī, -ātus sumfeast, banquet
opīmus, -a, -umrich; spolia opīma: the spoils taken by a commander who killed the enemy commander
at, conj.but
subitus, -a, -umsudden
horrificus, -a, -umdreadful, terrifying
lāpsus, -ūs m.gliding, sliding movement; a fall
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
quatiō, -ere, —, quassusshake, beat
clangor, -ōris m.loud cry, screech; blare
ala, -ae, f.wing
dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptumplunder
contāctus, -ūs m.touch, contact
omnis, -eall, every
foedō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake foul, disfigure; desecrate
immundus, -a, -umunclean, impure
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
taeter, -tra, -trumfoul, hideous, loathsome
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
odor, -ōris, m.smell, odor
rūrsus, adv.again
sēcessus, -ūs m.a withdrawing; a retreat; drain, privy
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
rūpēs, -is, f.rock, cliff; reef
cavō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushollow out
arbor, -oris, f.tree
circum, prep. with acc.around
horreō, -ēre, horruīshudder at, dread
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
īnstruo, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctusbuild in or into; draw up; equip, furnish,
āra, -ae, f.altar
repōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set back; store up or away
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
latebra, -ae f.hiding place, lair
turba, -ae f.crowd
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitusmake a sound, sound
pēs, pedis, m.foot
circumvolō, -ārefly around, hover about
polluō, -ere, -uī, -ūtussoil, defile, desecrate
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
tunc (adv.)then, at that time
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
capessō, -ere, -īvī, -ītustake hold of; rem pūblicam capessere: go into public life
ēdīcō, -dīcere, -dīxī, -dictusdeclare, proclaim, appoint
bellum, -ī, n.war
cum, prep, with abl.with
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
secus (prep. + acc.)beside, along
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumstation here and there, post
ēnsis, -is m.sword (a poetic word)
scūtum, -ī, n.shield
lateō, -ēre, -uīlie hid, be concealed
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
dēlābor, -lābī, -lapsusslip or fall down
sonitus, -ūs, m.sound, noise
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
specula, -ae f.lookout, watchtower, height
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
cavus, -a, -umhollow
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo into, attack, seize; come upon
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
obscēnus, -a, -umill-omened, foul, loathsome
sed, conj.but
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
plūma, -ae f.feather, down
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
tergum, -ī, n.back
celer, celeris, celereswift, quick
fuga, -ae, f.flight
lābor, lābī, lapsusslip, glide, fall
sēmēsus, -a, -umhalf-eaten
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
praecelsus, -a, -umvery high, towering
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
vātēs, -is m. and f.prophet, seer, soothsayer
rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptusbreak, burst
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
sternō, -ere, strāvī, strātusspread out; furnish with couches (of a room)
iuvencus, -ī m.young bull, bullock
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
īnsōns, -sontisinnocent, guiltless
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxusfix, fasten, plant firmly
dictum, -ī n.word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient)
pater, patris, m.father
omnipotēns, -entisall-powerful
praedīcō, -dīcere, -dīxī, -dictussay beforehand, foretell, predict
vōsplur. of tū
furiae, -ārum f. pl.frenzy, rage; the Furies
pandō, -ere, pandī, passumspread out (passīs manibus: with hands outstretched)
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
nōn, adv.not
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
urbs, urbis, f.city
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
noster, -tra, -trumour
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
ambedō, -esse, -ēdī, -ēsuseat round, gnaw; consume
subigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctusbring under, subdue; force, compel
māla, -ae f.jaw, cheek
absūmō, -sūmere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake away, consume, destroy
Vergil, Aeneid III. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.