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Vergil · Aeneid XI

Aeneid 11.725–767

Tarchon rallies the Etruscans

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Aen. 11.725At nōn haec nūllīs hominum sator atque deōrum
observāns oculīs summō sedet altus Olympō:
Tyrrhēnum genitor Tarchōnem in proelia saeva
suscitat et stimulīs haud mollibus incitat īrās.
But the sower of men and gods sits high on the summit of Olympus watching this, not with unseeing eyes: the father rouses Tyrrhenian Tarchon to the cruel fight and stirs his anger with goads not gentle.
Aen. 11.729Ergō inter caedēs cēdentiaque agmina Tarchōn
730fertur equō variīsque īnstīgat vōcibus alās,
nōmine quemque vocāns, reficitque in proelia pulsōs.
So amid the slaughter and the yielding columns Tarchon rides on his horse and spurs on the squadrons with varied cries, calling each man by name, and rallies the routed to the battle.
Aen. 11.732Quis metus, Ō numquam dolitūrī, Ō semper inertēs
Tyrrhēnī, quae tanta animīs ignāvia vēnit?
'What fear, O Tyrrhenians, never to feel shame, O sluggards for ever, what such cowardice has come into your hearts?
Aen. 11.734Fēmina pālantīs agit atque haec agmina vertit!A woman drives you scattering and routs these columns! Aen. 11.735Quō ferrum quidve haec gerimus tēla inrita dextrīs?To what end do we bear steel, why these useless weapons in our right hands?

Aen. 11.736At nōn in Venerem segnēs nocturnaque bella
aut ubi curva chorōs indīxit tībia Bacchī,
exspectāte dapēs et plēnae pōcula mēnsae,
hic amor, hoc studium, dum sacra secundus haruspex
740nūntiet ac lūcōs vocet hostia pinguis in altōs!
But you are not slow for Venus and night-time wars, or when the curved pipe of Bacchus has proclaimed the dances; wait for the feasts and the cups of a loaded table (this is your love, this your zeal) until the favouring soothsayer announces the sacrifice and a fat victim calls you into the deep groves!'
Aen. 11.741Haec effātus equum in mediōs, moritūrus et ipse,
concitat et Venulō adversum sē turbidus īnfert
dēreptumque ab equō dextrā complectitur hostem
et gremium ante suum multā vī concitus aufert.
So speaking he spurs his horse into the midst, ready to die himself too, and hurls himself wildly against Venulus, and tearing his enemy from his horse clasps him with his right arm and, spurred on with great force, carries him off held across his lap before him.
Aen. 11.745Tollitur in caelum clamor, cūnctīque Latīnī
convertēre oculōs.
A shout is raised to the sky, and all the Latins turned their eyes.

Aen. 11.746Volat igneus aequore Tarchōn
arma virumque ferēns;
Fiery Tarchon flies over the plain carrying arms and man;
Aen. 11.747tum summā ipsīus ab hastā
dēfringit ferrum et partīs rīmātur apertās,
quā vulnus lētāle ferat;
then he breaks off the iron from the tip of the man's own spear and searches for exposed parts, where he may deal a deadly wound;
Aen. 11.749contrā ille repugnāns
750sustinet ā iugulō dextram et vim vīribus exit.
the other, struggling against him, holds the hand off from his throat and parries force with force.
Aen. 11.751Utque volāns altē raptum cum fulva dracōnem
fert aquila implicuitque pedēs atque unguibus haesit,
saucius at serpēns sinuōsa volūmina versat
adrēctīsque horret squāmīs et sībilat ōre,
755arduus īnsurgēns;
And as when a tawny eagle flying high carries off a snake it has seized, and has entwined its feet and clung with its talons, but the wounded serpent twists its winding coils and bristles with raised scales and hisses with its mouth, rearing up high;
Aen. 11.755illa haud minus urget obuncō
luctantem rōstrō, simul aethera verberat alīs:
haud aliter praedam Tīburtum ex agmine Tarchōn
portat ovāns.
she no less presses her struggling prey with her hooked beak, and at the same time beats the air with her wings: just so Tarchon carries off his prey from the column of the Tiburtines in triumph.

Aen. 11.758Ducis exemplum ēventumque secūtī
Maeonidae incurrunt.
Following their leader's example and success, the Maeonians charge.
Aen. 11.759Tum fātīs dēbitus Arrūns
760vēlōcem iaculō et multā prior arte Camillam
circuit et quae sit fortūna facillima, temptat.
Then Arruns, owed to the fates, circles swift Camilla, with his javelin and much cunning, ahead of her, and tests which chance is easiest.
Aen. 11.762Quā sē cumquē furēns mediō tulit agmine virgō,
hāc Arrūns subit et tacitus vestīgia lūstrat;
Wherever the maiden in her fury has borne herself through the midst of the column, there Arruns steals up and silently tracks her footsteps;
Aen. 11.764quā victrīx redit illa pedemque ex hoste reportat,
765hāc iuvenis fūrtim celerīs dētorquet habēnās.
where she returns victorious and brings back her foot from the enemy, there the young man stealthily turns his swift reins.
Aen. 11.766Hōs aditūs iamque hōs aditūs omnemque pererrat
undique circuitum et certam quatit improbus hastam.
These approaches and now those he tries, and roams the whole circuit on every side, and relentlessly shakes his unerring spear.

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Latin vocabulary for this passage (211 words)
at, conj.but
nōn, adv.not
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
homō, hominis, m.man
sator, -ōris m.sower; father, creator
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
deus, -ī, m.god
observō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumwatch; keep, respect
oculus, -ī, m.eye
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessussit
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
genitor, -ōris m.father
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
saevus, -a, -umfierce, savage
suscitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusraise up, rouse; raise (the dead)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
stimulus, -ī m.goad; in Caesar an iron spike set in the ground
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
mollis, -esoft, weak
incitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstir up, provoke
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
que, enclitic conj.and
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
equus, -ī, m.horse
varius, -a, -umvarious
īnstīgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusurge on, rouse, incite
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
ala, -ae, f.wing
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
reficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake anew, renew, repair
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
ō (interj.)O! oh!
numquam, adv.never
doleō, -ēre, doluī, dolitumgrieve, be pained
semper, adv.always
iners, -ertissluggish, idle, unmanly
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ignāvia, -ae f.laziness; cowardice
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
fēmina, -ae, f.woman
pālor, -ārī, -ātus sumwander, straggle
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
irritus, -a, -uminvalid, of no effect; irritum facere: make void, cancel
dextra, -ae, f.right hand (manus understood)
segnis, -eslow, sluggish, idle
nocturnus, -a, -umof night, nocturnal; nocturnum tempus, night-time
bellum, -ī, n.war
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
curvus, -a, -umcurved, bent
chorus, -ī m.dance in a ring; band of dancers
indīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictumproclaim, call (a meeting)
tībia, -ae f.pipe, flute
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
daps, dapis f.sacrificial feast, banquet
plēnus, -a, -umfull
pōculum, -ī, n.cup
mēnsa, -ae f.table
amor, -ōris, m.love
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
sacrum, -ī n.sacred object or rite; sacra: rites, worship
secundus, -a, -umfollowing, favorable
haruspex, -icis m.soothsayer who read the will of the gods from the entrails of sacrifices
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
lūcus, -ī m.sacred grove
hostia, -ae f.sacrificial victim
pinguis, -efat
effor, -fārī, -fātus sumspeak out, pronounce (a solemn formula)
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
morior, morī, mortuusdie
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
concitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstir up, rouse
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
turbidus, -a, -umstormy, wild, confused
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
dēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch away, tear off, pull down
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
complector, -plectī, -plexusembrace
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
gremium, -ī n.lap, bosom
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
concieō, -ēre, -cīvī, -citusbring together, gather; stir up
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
volō, -āre, -āvī, -ātūrusfly
igneus, -a, -umof fire, fiery, burning
aequor, -oris n.level surface; the sea
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
vir, virī, m.man
tum, adv.then, at that time
hasta, -ae f.spear
dēfringō, -ere, -frēgī, -frāctusbreak off
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
rīmor, -ārī, -ātus sumprobe, search into
apertus, -a, -umopen
quā, adv.in which place, where
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
lētālis, -edeadly, fatal
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
repugnō, -pugnāre, -pugnāvī, -pugnātusfight against, struggle, resist
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
iugulum, -ī n.throat
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
altē (adv.)high; deep
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
fulvus, -a, -umtawny, yellow-brown
dracō, -ōnis, m.dragon, serpent
aquila, -ae f.eagle; the eagle standard of a legion
implicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusentangle, entwine; involve
pēs, pedis, m.foot
unguis, -is m.fingernail, nail; claw
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
saucius, -a, -umwounded
serpēns, -entis, f.serpent
sinuōsus, -a, -umwinding, full of curves, coiling
volūmen, -inis n.roll (of writing), book
versō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusturn about; (pass. or reflexive) move about, be engaged
arrigō (adrigō), -ere, -rēxī, -rēctusset upright; rouse, excite
horreō, -ēre, horruīshudder at, dread
squāma, -ae f.scale (of a fish or snake; of armour); flake
sībilō, -ārehiss; whistle
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
arduus, -a, -umsteep, difficult
īnsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctumrise up, rise to (a blow); rise against
minus, comp. adv.less
urgeō, -ēre, ursīpress hard
obuncus, -a, -umhooked
luctor, -ārī, -ātuswrestle, struggle
rōstrum, -ī, n.beak
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
aethēr, -eris m. (acc. aethera)the upper air, the sky
verberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbeat, flog
aliter, adv.in another way, otherwise, differently
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
portō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcarry
ovō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumrejoice, exult; celebrate a minor triumph
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
exemplum, -ī n.example, precedent
ēventus, -ūs m.outcome, result
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
incurrō, -ere, -currī, -cursumrun (into), charge, rush at
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
vēlōx, vēlōcisswift, fast
iaculum, -ī n.javelin, dart
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
ars, artis, f.art
circumeō, -īre, -iī, -itumgo around
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
quācumque (adv.)wherever, by whatever way
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
hāc (adv.)this way, by this route; hāc … hāc: here … there
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
tacitus, -a, -umsilent
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
lūstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspurify by sacrifice; review (an army)
victrīx, -īcis (f. adj. and noun)victorious; conqueror (feminine)
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
reportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātuscarry or bring back
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
fūrtim (adv.)stealthily, secretly
celer, celeris, celereswift, quick
dētorqueō, -ēre, -torsī, -tortusturn aside, turn
habēna, -ae f.rein
aditus, -ūs, m.approach, entrance
iam, adv.now, already
omnis, -eall, every
pererrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander through, roam over
undique, adv.from or on all sides
circuitus, -ūs m.way around, circuit
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
quatiō, -ere, —, quassusshake, beat
improbus, -a, -umwicked, shameless; persistent, relentless; as noun: rogue
Vergil, Aeneid XI. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.