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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.89

The Moesian legions come over

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Hist. 2.89.1Adcelerāta interim Vespasiānī coepta Illyricī exercitūs studiō trānsgressī in partīs: tertia legiō exemplum cēterīs Moesiae legiōnibus praebuit;Meanwhile Vespasian's enterprise was hastened by the zeal of the Illyrian army in coming over to his side: the Third Legion set an example to the other legions of Moesia; Hist. 2.89.1octāva erat ac septima Claudiāna, imbūtae favōre Othōnis, quamvīs proeliō nōn interfuissent.these were the Eighth and the Seventh Claudian, steeped in favour for Otho, although they had not taken part in the battle. Hist. 2.89.1Aquilēiam prōgressae, prōturbātīs quī dē Othōne nūntiābant lacerātīsque vēxillīs nōmen Vitelliī praeferentibus, raptā postrēmō pecūniā et inter sē dīvīsā, hostīliter ēgerant.Having advanced to Aquileia, they had driven off those who brought news about Otho, torn up the standards bearing Vitellius' name, and finally seized the money and divided it among themselves, behaving like enemies. Hist. 2.89.1Unde metus et ex metū cōnsilium, posse imputārī Vespasiānō quae apud Vitellium excūsanda erant.Hence fear, and from fear a plan: that what would have to be excused before Vitellius could be counted to their credit with Vespasian.

Hist. 2.89.1Ita trēs Moesicae legiōnēs per epistulās adliciēbant Pannonicum exercitum aut abnuentī vim parābant.So the three Moesian legions tried to win over the Pannonian army by letters, or prepared force if it refused. Hist. 2.89.1In eō mōtū Aponius Sāturnīnus Moesiae rēctor pessimum facinus audet, missō centuriōne ad interficiendum Tettium Iūliānum septimae legiōnis lēgātum ob simultātēs, quibus causam partium praetendēbat.In that upheaval Aponius Saturninus, governor of Moesia, ventures a most wicked crime, sending a centurion to kill Tettius Julianus, legate of the Seventh Legion, because of private quarrels, for which he used the party's cause as a pretext. Hist. 2.89.1Iūliānus compertō discrīmine et gnārīs locōrum adscītīs per āvia Moesiae ultrā montem Haemum profūgit;Julianus, learning of the danger and taking on men who knew the country, fled through the trackless parts of Moesia beyond Mount Haemus; Hist. 2.89.1nec deinde cīvīlī bellō interfuit, per variās morās susceptum ad Vespasiānum iter trahēns et ex nūntiīs cūnctābundus aut properāns.nor did he afterwards take part in the civil war, dragging out with various delays the journey he had undertaken to Vespasian, and hesitating or hurrying according to the news.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×5, gerunds and gerundives ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (99 words)
accelerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushurry, hasten
interim (adv.)meanwhile
coeptum, -ī n.undertaking, a thing begun
Illyricus, -a, -umIllyrian, of the eastern coast of the Adriatic
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
trānsgredior, -ī, -gressus sumcross over
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
tertius, -a, -umthird
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
exemplum, -ī n.example, precedent
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
praebeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold forth, supply, furnish, give; show, present, exhibit
octāvus, -a, -umeighth
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
septimus, -a, -umseventh
Claudiānus, -a, -umClaudian; legio septima Claudiana: Seventh Legion
imbuō, -buere, -buī, -būtuswet, soak, dip
favor, -ōris m.goodwill, support, applause
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
nōn, adv.not
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
prōgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo forward, advance
prōturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdrive off, repel
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
lacerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustear to pieces; squander, waste
que, enclitic conj.and
vēxillum, -ī n.banner, flag
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
praeferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātumput before, prefer (sē praeferre: show oneself superior)
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
dīvidō, -videre, -vīsī, -vīsusdivide, separate
hostīliter (adv.)like an enemy, hostilely
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
unde, adv.whence
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
imputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscharge to someone's account; claim credit for (a favour)
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
excūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusexcuse, make excuses for
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
Moesicus, -a, -umof Moesia, Moesian
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
epistula, -ae f.letter
alliciō, -ere, -lexī, -lectusattract, entice, win over
Pannonicus, -a, -umPannonian, of Pannonia
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
abnuō, -ere, -nuīrefuse, decline, reject
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
mōtus, -ūs m.motion, movement; uprising
rēctor, -ōris m.ruler, guide, director
malus, -a, -umbad
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
centuriō, -ōnis m.centurion (officer commanding about 80 men)
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
simultās, -ātis f.rivalry, jealousy, feud
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
praetendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentushold out in front; put forward, make a pretext of
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
discrīmen, -crīminis, n.crisis, peril, danger
gnārus, -a, -umknowing, acquainted with, expert (in)
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
adscīscō, -ere, -scīvī, -scītustake up, admit, attach to oneself (as an ally)
āvius, -a, -umpathless, remote
ultrā (prep. + acc.)beyond
mōns, montis, m.mountain
profugiō, -ere, -fūgīflee, escape
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
deinde, adv.then, next
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
bellum, -ī, n.war
varius, -a, -umvarious
mora, -ae, f.delay
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
cūnctābundus, -a, -umhesitating, lingering
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushasten
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.