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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.6

Vespasian and Mucianus compared

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Hist. 2.6.1Vespasiānus ācer mīlitiae anteīre agmen, locum castrīs capere, noctū diūque cōnsiliō ac, sī rēs posceret, manū hostibus obnītī, cibō fortuītō, veste habitūque vix ā gregāriō mīlite discrepāns;Vespasian was keen in soldiering: he would march at the head of the column, choose the site for the camp, and oppose the enemy night and day with his counsel and, if the situation demanded, with his own hand; he ate whatever food came to hand, and in dress and appearance scarcely differed from a common soldier; Hist. 2.6.1prōrsus, sī avāritia abesset, antīquīs ducibus pār.in short, had his avarice been absent, he would have been the equal of the generals of old. Hist. 2.6.1Mūciānum ē contrāriō magnificentia et opēs et cūncta prīvātum modum supergressa extollēbant;Mucianus, on the other hand, was raised high by his magnificence, his wealth and everything that went beyond the measure of a private citizen; Hist. 2.6.1aptior sermōne, dispositū prōvīsūque cīvīlium rērum perītus: ēgregium prīncipātūs temperāmentum, sī dēmptīs utrīusque vitiīs sōlae virtūtēs miscērentur.he was readier in speech, and skilled in arranging and foreseeing civil affairs: it would have been an excellent blend for a principate if, with the vices of each removed, their virtues alone had been mixed.

Hist. 2.6.1Cēterum hic Syriae, ille Iūdaeae praepositus, vīcīnīs prōvinciārum administrātiōnibus invidiā discordēs, exitū dēmum Nerōnis positīs odiīs in medium cōnsuluēre, prīmum per amīcōs, Dein praecipua concordiae fidēs Titus prāva certāmina commūnī ūtilitāte abolēverat, nātūrā atque arte compositus adliciendīs etiam Mūciānī mōribus.But the one in charge of Syria and the other of Judaea, at odds through jealousy because they governed neighbouring provinces, at last, on Nero's death, laid aside their hatreds and consulted together, at first through friends; then Titus, the chief pledge of their harmony, had ended their perverse quarrels for the common good, being formed by nature and art to win over even a character like Mucianus'. Hist. 2.6.1Tribūnī centuriōnēsque et vulgus mīlitum industriā licentiā, per virtūtēs per voluptātēs, ut cuique ingenium, adscīscēbantur.Tribunes, centurions and the mass of the soldiers were won over by diligence or by indulgence, by virtues or by pleasures, according to each man's character.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (102 words)
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
mīlitia, -ae f.military service
anteeō, -īre, -iīgo before, go ahead; surpass
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
noctū, adv.at or by night
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
que, enclitic conj.and
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
sī, conj.if
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
manus, -ūs, f.hand
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
obnītor, -ī, -nīxus sumpush or strain against; struggle, resist
cibus, -ī, m.food
fortuītus, -a, -umaccidental, happening by chance; n. pl., accidents
vestis, -is, f.clothing, dress, robe
habitus, -ūs m.condition, state; bearing, character
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
gregārius, -a, -umof the herd, common; mīles gregārius: a common soldier
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
discrepō, -āre, -āvī/-uīdiffer, be unlike; disagree, be at odds
prōrsus (adv.)in short, in a word; altogether
avāritia, -ae f.greed
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
antīquus, -a, -umancient
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
pār, parisequal
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
contrārius, -a, -umopposite, facing
magnificentia, -ae, f.splendor, magnificence
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
prīvātus, -a, -umprivate
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
supergredior, -gredī, -gressus sumgo beyond, exceed, surpass
extollō, -erelift up, raise; praise, exalt
aptus, -a, -umfit, suited
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
dispositus, -ūs m.arrangement, orderly management
prōvīsus, -ūs m.foresight, provision
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
perītus, -a, -um (+ gen.)skilled, experienced (in)
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
prīncipātus, -ūs m.leadership, first place
temperāmentum, -ī n.right proportion, balance, moderation; compromise
dēmō, -ere, dēmpsī, dēmptustake away, remove
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
vitium, -ī n.fault, vice
sōlus, -a, -umalone
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
vīcīnus, -ī m.neighbor
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
administrātiō, -ōnis f.management, use; working, operation
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
discors, -cordisdiscordant, not in harmony
exitus, -ūs m.way out; outcome, end
dēmum, adv.at last
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
odium, -ī, n.hatred
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
medium, -ī n.the middle; in mediō: in the midst
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
deinde, adv.then, next
praecipuus, -a, -umspecial, particular, outstanding
concordia, -ae f.agreement, harmony
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
prāvus, -a, -umcrooked; bad, wrong
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
ūtilitās, -ātis f.usefulness, advantage
aboleō, -ēre, -ēvī, -itumdestroy, wipe out (the memory of)
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
ars, artis, f.art
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
alliciō, -ere, -lexī, -lectusattract, entice, win over
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
centuriō, -ōnis m.centurion (officer commanding about 80 men)
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
industria, -ae f.diligence, hard work
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
adscīscō, -ere, -scīvī, -scītustake up, admit, attach to oneself (as an ally)
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.