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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.55

The senators in danger at Mutina

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Hist. 2.55.1Positō ubīque bellō magna pars senātūs extrēmum discrīmen adiit, profecta cum Othōne ab urbe, Dein Mutinae relicta.With war laid aside everywhere, a large part of the senate came into extreme danger, having set out from the city with Otho and then been left behind at Mutina. Hist. 2.55.1Illūc adversō dē proeliō adlātum: sed mīlitēs ut falsum rūmōrem aspernantēs, quod īnfēnsum Othōnī senātum arbitrābantur, custōdīre sermōnēs, vultum habitumque trahere in dēterius;There news came of the defeat: but the soldiers, scorning it as a false rumour, since they believed the senate hostile to Otho, watched the senators' talk and put the worst construction on their looks and bearing; Hist. 2.55.1convīciīs postrēmō ac probrīs causam et initium caedis quaerēbant, cum alius īnsuper metus senātōribus īnstāret, nē praevalidīs iam Vitelliī partibus cūnctanter excēpisse victōriam crēderentur.at last with taunts and insults they were seeking a pretext and starting point for slaughter, while a further fear pressed on the senators, that, now that the Vitellian party was dominant, they might be thought to have welcomed the victory hesitantly. Hist. 2.55.1Ita trepidī et utrimque ānxiī coeunt, nēmō prīvātim expedītō cōnsiliō, inter multōs societāte culpae tūtior.So they met, fearful and anxious on both counts, no one having a plan ready of his own, each feeling safer among many through the sharing of blame.

Hist. 2.55.1Onerābat paventium cūrās ōrdō Mutinēnsis arma et pecūniam offerendō, appellābatque patrēs cōnscrīptōs intempestīvō honōre.The town council of Mutina added to the anxieties of the frightened men by offering arms and money, and addressed them as 'Conscript Fathers', an ill-timed honour.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (86 words)
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
ubīque (adv.)everywhere
bellum, -ī, n.war
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
senātus, -ūs m.senate
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
discrīmen, -crīminis, n.crisis, peril, danger
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
cum, prep, with abl.with
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
urbs, urbis, f.city
deinde, adv.then, next
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
illūc (adv.)to that place, there
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
adferō, adferre, attulī, adlātusbear to, bring
sed, conj.but
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
falsus, -a, -umfeigned, pretended, false
rūmor, -ōris m.rumour, report
aspernor, -ārī, -ātus sumspurn, reject, scorn
quod, conj.that, in that, because
īnfēnsus, -a, -umhostile, angry (with: dat.)
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
custōdiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusguard
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
habitus, -ūs m.condition, state; bearing, character
que, enclitic conj.and
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
dēterior, -iusworse, poorer
convīcium, -ī n.loud noise, wrangling; abuse
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
probrum, -ī n.disgrace, shame; probrō habērī: be counted a disgrace
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
initium, -ī, n.beginning
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
īnsuper (adv.)above, on top; besides
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
senātor, -ōris m.senator, elder
īnstō, -āre, -stitīpress on; be at hand
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
praevalidus, -a, -umvery strong, powerful; too vigorous, rank
iam, adv.now, already
cūnctanter (adv.)hesitantly, slowly
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
victōria, -ae, f.victory
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
trepidus, -a, -umanxious, alarmed; critical, dangerous
utrimque, adv.on either side or both sides
ānxius, -a, -umanxious
coeō, -īre, -iī, -itumcome together, assemble
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
prīvātim (adv.)privately, as individuals
expedītus, -a, -umunobstructed, easy; lightly equipped
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
societās, -ātis f.alliance, partnership
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
onerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusload, burden
paveō, -ēre, pāvībe terrified, tremble
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
Mutinēnsis, -eof Mutina (Modena)
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
pater, patris, m.father
cōnscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptumenlist, enroll
intempestīvus, -a, -umuntimely, ill-timed, inopportune
honor, -ōris, m.honor
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.