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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.49

Otho's soldiers urge him to fight

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Hist. 2.49.1Opperiēbātur Othō nūntium pugnae nēquāquam trepidus et cōnsiliī certus.Otho was awaiting news of the battle, not at all alarmed and firm in his resolve. Hist. 2.49.1Maesta prīmum fāma, Dein profugī ē proeliō perditās rēs patefaciunt.First a gloomy rumour, then fugitives from the battle revealed that all was lost. Hist. 2.49.1Nōn expectāvit mīlitum ardor vōcem imperātōris;The soldiers' ardour did not wait for the emperor to speak; Hist. 2.49.1bonum habēret animum iubēbant: superesse adhūc novās vīrīs, et ipsōs extrēma passūrōs ausūrōsque.they bade him keep up his courage: fresh forces still remained, and they themselves would suffer and dare the uttermost. Hist. 2.49.1Neque erat adūlātiō: īre in aciem, excitāre partium fortūnam furōre quōdam et īnstīnctū flagrābant.Nor was this flattery: they were burning with a kind of frenzy and impulse to go into battle and revive the fortune of their party. Hist. 2.49.1Quī procul adstiterant, tendere manūs, et proximī prēnsāre genua, promptissimō Plōtiō Firmō.Those who had stood far off stretched out their hands, and those nearest clasped his knees, Plotius Firmus most eagerly of all. Hist. 2.49.1Is praetōriī praefectus identidem ōrābat nē fīdissimum exercitum, nē optimē meritōs mīlitēs dēsereret: maiōre animō tolerārī adversa quam relinquī;This praetorian prefect begged him again and again not to desert a most loyal army, not to desert soldiers who had served him so well: it took greater courage to endure adversity than to abandon it; Hist. 2.49.1fortīs et strēnuōs etiam contrā fortūnam īnsistere speī, timidōs et ignāvōs ad dēspērātiōnem formīdine properāre.brave and energetic men held on to hope even against fortune; the timid and cowardly hurried in fear to despair.

Hist. 2.49.1Quās inter vōcēs ut flexerat vultum aut indūrāverat Othō, clamor et gemitus.Amid these cries, as Otho had softened or hardened his expression, there was shouting and groaning. Hist. 2.49.1Nec praetōriānī tantum, proprius Othōnis mīles, sed praemissī ē Moesiā eandem obstinātiōnem adventantis exercitūs, legiōnēs Aquilēiam ingressās nūntiābant, ut nēmō dubitet potuisse renovārī bellum atrōx, lūgubre, incertum victīs et victōribus.And not only the praetorians, Otho's own soldiers, but also those sent ahead from Moesia reported the same determination in the approaching army, and that the legions had entered Aquileia, so that no one can doubt that the war could have been renewed, grim, mournful, uncertain for victors and vanquished.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (116 words)
opperior, -īrī, -pertus sumwait for, await
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
nēquāquam (adv.)by no means, not at all
trepidus, -a, -umanxious, alarmed; critical, dangerous
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
maestus, -a, -umsad, dejected, gloomy
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
deinde, adv.then, next
profugus, -a, -umfleeing, fugitive; wandering
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
perdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusdestroy, ruin; lose, waste
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
patefaciō, -facere, -fēcī, -factusthrow, or lay open, open
nōn, adv.not
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
ardor, -ōris m.blaze, fire, glow; ardor caelī: a light in the sky
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
bonus, -a, -umgood
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
que, enclitic conj.and
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
adūlātiō, -ōnis f.flattery, fawning
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
excitō, -citāre, -citāvī, -citātuscall out, arouse
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
furor, -ōris, m.rage, fury, frenzy, madness
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
īnstīnctus, -ūs m.prompting, instigation, impulse
flagrō, -āre, -āvīblaze, burn; be inflamed (with: abl.)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
adsistō, -ere, adstitīstand by, stand near; appear
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
manus, -ūs, f.hand
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
prēnsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgrasp; canvass (by shaking hands)
genū, -ūs n.knee
promptus, -a, -umready, eager
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
praetōrium, -ī n.governor's residence, headquarters
praefectus, -ī m.commander, officer
identidem (adv.)again and again
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
fīdus, -a, -umfaithful, loyal, trustworthy
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
bene, adv.well; successfully
mereor, -ērī, meritus sumdeserve; (dē) do service to
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
tolerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumbear, endure; keep off (hunger)
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
fortis, -ebrave
strēnuus, -a, -umactive, vigorous, energetic
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
īnsistō, -ere, īnstitīstand on
spēs, speī, f.hope
timidus, -a, -umfearful, timid
ignāvus, -a, -umlazy, cowardly
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
dēspērātiō, -ōnis f.despair, hopelessness
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushasten
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
indūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake hard, harden
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
gemitus, -ūs m.groan, sigh
praetōriānus, -a, -umpraetorian, of the emperor's guard; as noun, a praetorian
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
proprius, -a, -umone's own, private; characteristic (of)
sed, conj.but
praemittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend ahead
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
obstinātiō, -ōnis f.obstinacy, stubbornness
adventō, -āre, -āvīcome nearer and nearer, approach
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
ingredior, -ī, ingressus sumgo into, enter
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
renovō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumrenew
bellum, -ī, n.war
atrōx, -ōcissavage, cruel, dreadful
lūgubris, -emournful, of mourning
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.