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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.48

Truce and surrender of Otho's army

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Hist. 2.48.1At Vitelliānus exercitus ad quīntum ā Bedriacō lapidem cōnsēdit, nōn ausīs ducibus eādem diē obpugnātiōnem castrōrum;But the Vitellian army halted at the fifth milestone from Bedriacum, since its generals did not dare to storm the camp that same day; Hist. 2.48.1simul voluntāria dēditiō spērābātur: sed expedītīs et tantum ad proelium ēgressīs mūnīmentum fuēre arma et victōria.at the same time a voluntary surrender was hoped for: but for men who had set out light and only for battle, their arms and their victory served as a fortification. Hist. 2.48.1Posterā diē haud ambiguā Othōniānī exercitūs voluntāte et quī ferōciōrēs fuerant ad paenitentiam inclīnantibus missa lēgātiō;On the next day, since the wishes of the Othonian army were in no doubt and even those who had been fiercer were inclining to repentance, a deputation was sent; Hist. 2.48.1nec apud ducēs Vitelliānōs dubitātum quō minus pācem concēderent.nor did the Vitellian generals hesitate to grant peace. Hist. 2.48.1Lēgātī paulisper retentī: ea rēs haesitātiōnem attulit ignārīs adhūc an impetrāssent.The envoys were detained for a little while: this caused uncertainty, since men did not yet know whether they had succeeded.

Hist. 2.48.1Mox remissā lēgātiōne patuit vallum.Soon the deputation was sent back and the rampart was thrown open. Hist. 2.48.1Tum victī victōrēsque in lacrimās effūsī, sortem cīvīlium armōrum miserā laetitiā dētestantēs;Then victors and vanquished burst into tears, cursing the lot of civil war with a wretched joy; Hist. 2.48.1īsdem tentōriīs aliī frātrum, aliī propinquōrum vulnera fovēbant: spēs et praemia in ambiguō, certa fūnera et lūctūs, nec quisquam adeō malī expers ut nōn aliquam mortem maerēret.in the same tents some tended the wounds of brothers, others of kinsmen: hopes and rewards were in doubt, deaths and mourning were certain, and no one was so free of misfortune that he did not grieve for some death. Hist. 2.48.1Requīsītum Orfidiī lēgātī corpus honōre solitō cremātur;The body of the legate Orfidius was sought out and cremated with the customary honour; Hist. 2.48.1paucōs necessāriī ipsōrum sepelīvēre, cēterum vulgus super humum relictum.a few were buried by their own relatives; the rest of the common soldiers were left above the ground.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (107 words)
at, conj.but
Vitelliānus, -a, -umof Vitellius; as noun, a Vitellian soldier
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
lapis, -idis, m.stone
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
nōn, adv.not
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
oppugnātiō, -ōnis f.siege, assault on a town
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
voluntārius, -a, -umwilling; (m. pl. as noun) volunteers
dēditiō, -ōnis f.surrender
spērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushope
sed, conj.but
expedītus, -a, -umunobstructed, easy; lightly equipped
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
ēgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo out or forth, go ashore, disembark
mūnīmentum, -ī n.defence, barrier
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
victōria, -ae, f.victory
posterus, -a, -umfollowing, next
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
ambiguus, -a, -umdoubtful, uncertain; in ambiguō: in doubt
Othōniānus, -a, -umof Otho, Othonian; (m. pl. as noun) Otho's supporters
voluntās, -tātis, f.wish, will
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ferōx, -ōcis, adj.fierce, savage
paenitentia, -ae f.repentance, change of heart
inclīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbend, lean; incline, tend
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
lēgātiō, -ōnis f.embassy, mission
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
minus, comp. adv.less
pāx, pācis f.peace
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
paulisper (adv.)for a short time
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
haesitātiō, -ōnis f.hesitation, indecision
afferō, afferre, attulī, allātumbring, bring to; cause
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
an, conj.or (in questions)
impetrō, -petrāre, -petrāvī, -petrātusgain one's end, obtain (a request)
mox, adv.soon
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
tum, adv.then, at that time
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
que, enclitic conj.and
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out
sors, sortis, f.lot
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
dētestor, -ārī, -ātus sumcall down curses on, curse
tentōrium, -ī n.tent
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
frāter, frātris, m.brother
propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f.near; (noun) relative
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
foveō, -ēre, fōvī, fōtuskeep warm; cherish, favour
spēs, speī, f.hope
praemium, -ī, n.reward
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
fūnus, -eris n.funeral
lūctus, -ūs m.grief, mourning
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
expers, -pertishaving no share in, without (+ gen. or abl.)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
mors, mortīs, f.death
maereō, -ēregrieve, be sad
requīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītuslook for, ask after; need
corpus, corporis, n.body
honor, -ōris, m.honor
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
cremō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumburn
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
necessārius, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m.necessary, critical; (noun) close friend, relative
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
sepeliō, sepelīre, sepelīvī, sepultusbury
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.