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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.37

Caecina and Valens bridge the Po

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Hist. 2.37.1Nihil eōrum Vitelliānōs fallēbat, crēbrīs, ut in cīvīlī bellō, trānsfugiīs;None of this escaped the Vitellians, since there was frequent desertion, as happens in civil war; Hist. 2.37.1et explōrātōrēs cūrā dīversa scīscitandī sua nōn occultābant.and the spies, in their eagerness to find out the other side's affairs, did not hide their own. Hist. 2.37.1Quiētī intentīque Caecīna ac Valēns, quandō hostis imprūdentiā rueret, quod locō sapientiae est, aliēnam stultitiam opperiēbantur, inchoātō ponte trānsitum Padī simulantēs adversus obpositam gladiātōrum manum, ac nē ipsōrum mīles segne ōtium tereret.Caecina and Valens, quiet and watchful, since the enemy was rushing headlong through folly, were waiting for another's stupidity, which serves in place of wisdom; they began a bridge, pretending to cross the Po in the face of the band of gladiators posted opposite, and also so that their own soldiers should not waste time in sluggish idleness. Hist. 2.37.1Nāvēs parī inter sē spatiō, validīs utrimque trabibus cōnexae, adversum in flūmen dīrigēbantur, iactīs super ancorīs quae firmitātem pontis continērent, sed ancorārum fūnēs nōn extentī fluitābant, ut augēscente flūmine inoffēnsus ōrdō nāvium attollerētur.Boats, set at equal intervals from one another and joined at either end by strong beams, were ranged facing upstream, with anchors thrown out above them to hold the bridge firm; but the anchor cables were not drawn taut and floated loose, so that when the river rose the line of boats might be lifted up without damage.

Hist. 2.37.1Claudēbat pontem imposita turris et in extrēmam nāvem ēducta, unde tormentīs ac māchinīs hostēs prōpulsārentur.The bridge was closed off by a tower set on it and carried out on the last boat, from which the enemy might be driven back with artillery and engines. Hist. 2.37.1Othōniānī in rīpā turrim strūxerant saxaque et facēs iaculābantur.The Othonians had built a tower on the bank and were hurling stones and firebrands.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, ablative absolute ×3, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (87 words)
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
Vitelliānus, -a, -umof Vitellius; as noun, a Vitellian soldier
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
crēber, -bra, -brumfrequent, numerous; close together
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
bellum, -ī, n.war
trānsfugium, -ī n.desertion (to the enemy)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
explōrātor, -ōris, m.explorer, scout, spy
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
scīscitor, -ārī, -ātus sumask, inquire
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
nōn, adv.not
occultō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhide, conceal
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
intentus, -a, -umattentive, alert, watchful
que, enclitic conj.and
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
quandō (adv.)when; (after sī) ever
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
imprūdentia, -ae f.lack of foresight, ignorance; imprudence
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
sapientia, -ae f.wisdom, good sense
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
stultitia, -ae f.folly, foolishness
opperior, -īrī, -pertus sumwait for, await
inchoō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbegin, start on; sketch out
pōns, pontis, m.bridge
trānsitus, -ūs m.crossing, passage
simulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpretend
adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus)against, opposite
oppōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positusset against, place opposite
gladiātor, -ōris m.gladiator; as an insult: cutthroat, ruffian
manus, -ūs, f.hand
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
segnis, -eslow, sluggish, idle
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
terō, -ere, trīvī, trītusrub, wear away; tempus terere: waste time
nāvis, -is, f.ship
pār, parisequal
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
validus, -a, -umstrong
utrimque, adv.on either side or both sides
trabs, trabis f.beam
cōnectō, -ere, -nexuī, -nexustie together, join, link
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
flūmen, -minis, n.river
dīrigō (dērigō), -ere, -rēxī, -rēctusset straight, arrange in line; dērēctus: straight
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
ancora, -ae, f.anchor; in ancorīs, at anchor
firmitās, -ātis f.firmness, strength
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
sed, conj.but
fūnis, -is m.rope, cable
extendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentumstretch out, extend
fluitō, -āre, -āvīfloat, drift
augēscō, -ere, auxīgrow, increase
inoffēnsus, -a, -umunobstructed, smooth, uninterrupted
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
attollō, -erelift up, raise
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
turris, -is f.tower; siege tower
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
ēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead out, draw
unde, adv.whence
tormentum, -ī n.artillery, siege engine
māchina, -ae f.machine, siege engine
prōpulsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdrive back
Othōniānus, -a, -umof Otho, Othonian; (m. pl. as noun) Otho's supporters
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
struō, -ere, strūxī, strūctusbuild, construct; arrange
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
fax, facis, f.torch, firebrand
iaculor, -ārī, -ātus sumthrow, hurl
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.