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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.3

The temple of Paphian Venus

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Hist. 2.3.1Conditōrem templī rēgem Aeriam vetus memoria, quīdam ipsīus deae nōmen id perhibent.Ancient tradition records King Aerias as the founder of the temple; some say that this is the name of the goddess herself. Hist. 2.3.1Fāma recentior trādit ā Cinyrā sacrātum templum deamque ipsam conceptam marī hūc adpulsam;A more recent account relates that the temple was consecrated by Cinyras, and that the goddess herself, conceived of the sea, was carried ashore here; Hist. 2.3.1sed scientiam artemque haruspicum accītam et Cilicem Tamiram intulisse, atque ita pactum ut familiae utrīusque posterī caerimōniīs praesidērent.but that the science and art of the soothsayers was brought in from abroad, and that the Cilician Tamiras introduced it, and so it was agreed that the descendants of both families should preside over the rites. Hist. 2.3.1Mox, nē honōre nūllō rēgium genus peregrīnam stirpem antecelleret, ipsā quam intulerant scientiā hospitēs cessēre: tantum Cinyradēs sacerdōs cōnsulitur.Later, so that the royal line should not be without some distinction above the foreign stock, the strangers gave up the very science which they had introduced: only the priest of Cinyras' line is consulted.

Hist. 2.3.1Hostiae, ut quisque vōvit, sed marēs dēliguntur: certissima fidēs haedōrum fībrīs.Victims are chosen as each person has vowed, but they must be male: the surest trust is placed in the entrails of kids. Hist. 2.3.1Sanguinem ārae obfundere vetitum: precibus et igne pūrō altāria adolentur, nec ūllīs imbribus quamquam in apertō madēscunt.It is forbidden to pour blood on the altar: the altars are honoured with prayers and pure fire, and though they stand in the open air they are never wet by any rain. Hist. 2.3.1Simulācrum deae nōn effigiē hūmānā, continuus orbis lātiōre initiō tenuem in ambitum mētae modō exurgēns, set ratiō in obscūrō.The image of the goddess is not in human form; it is a continuous rounded mass, broader at the base and rising, like a turning-post, to a slender circumference; but the reason for this is obscure.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (92 words)
conditor, -ōris m.founder
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
rēx, rēgis, m.king
vetus, veterisold, former
memoria, -ae, f.memory
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
dea, -ae f.goddess
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
perhibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold out, present; testimōnium perhibēre: bear witness
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
recēns, -entisrecent, fresh
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
sacrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsecrate, dedicate
que, enclitic conj.and
concipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake in, conceive; plan, imagine
mare, maris, n.sea
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
appellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive to, bring to; with or without nāvem, put in
sed, conj.but
scientia, -ae, f.knowledge, skill
ars, artis, f.art
haruspex, -icis m.soothsayer who read the will of the gods from the entrails of sacrifices
acciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussummon, send for
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
pacīscor, -ī, pactus sumagree, arrange; pactus: agreed upon
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
posterī, -ōrum m. pl.descendants, posterity
caerimōnia, -ae f.sacred rite, ceremony
praesideō, -sidēre, -sēdīsit in front of; guard, protect, preside over (+ dat.)
mox, adv.soon
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
honor, -ōris, m.honor
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
rēgius, -a, -umroyal, kingly
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
peregrīnus, -ī, m.stranger, foreigner
stirps, stirpis f.stock, root; family, race
antecellō, -celleresurpass, excel
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
hospes, hospitis m.guest; host; guest-friend
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
sacerdōs, -dōtis, m. and f.priest, priestess
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
hostia, -ae f.sacrificial victim
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
voveō, -ēre, vōvī, vōtusvow, promise
mās, maris m.male
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
haedus, -ī m.young goat, kid
fībra, -ae f.fibre; (pl.) entrails
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
āra, -ae, f.altar
offundō (obfundō), -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour over, spread over; overwhelm, cloud
vetō, -āre, vetuī, vetitumforbid
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
ignis, -is, m.fire
pūrus, -a, -umclean, pure; (of land) clear, unbuilt
altāria, -ium n. pl.altar
adoleō, -ēre, -uī, -ultumburn, set on fire
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
ūllus, -a, -umany
imber, imbris, m.rain, shower
quamquam, conj.however much, although
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
apertus, -a, -umopen
madēscō, -ere, maduībecome wet, grow moist
simulācrum, -ī n.image, statue
nōn, adv.not
effigiēs, -ēī f.likeness, form, appearance
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
continuus, -a, -umcontinuous, successive
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
lātus, -a, -umbroad, wide
initium, -ī, n.beginning
tenuis, -ethin
ambitus, -ūs m.canvassing for office; bribery at elections (lēgēs ambitus: the bribery laws)
mēta, -ae f.turning-post; goal, end point
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
exsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctumrise up, get up
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
obscūrus, -a, -umdark
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.