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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.25

Suspicion in Otho's camp

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Hist. 2.25.1Īsdem diēbus ā Mārtiō Macrō haud procul Cremōnā prosperē pugnātum;In those same days Martius Macer fought successfully not far from Cremona; Hist. 2.25.1namque promptus animī Mārtius trānsvectōs nāvibus gladiātōrēs in adversam Padī rīpam repente effūdit.for Martius, a man of ready spirit, ferried the gladiators across in boats and suddenly poured them out onto the opposite bank of the Po. Hist. 2.25.1Turbāta ibi Vitelliānōrum auxilia, et cēterīs Cremōnam fugientibus caesī quī restiterant: sed repressus vincentium impetus nē novīs subsidiīs firmātī hostēs fortūnam proeliī mūtārent.There the Vitellian auxiliaries were thrown into confusion, and while the rest fled to Cremona those who had stood their ground were cut down; but the victors' onset was checked, lest the enemy, strengthened by fresh reinforcements, should change the fortune of the battle. Hist. 2.25.1Suspectum id Othōniānīs fuit, omnia ducum facta prāvē aestimantibus.This aroused suspicion among the Othonians, who put a bad construction on everything their generals did. Hist. 2.25.1Certātim, ut quisque animō ignāvus, procāx ōre, Annium Gallum et Suētōnium Paulīnum et Marium Celsum—nam eōs quoque Othō praefēcerat—variīs crīminibus incessēbant.Vying with one another, each the more eagerly the more cowardly he was in spirit and insolent in speech, they assailed Annius Gallus, Suetonius Paulinus and Marius Celsus (for Otho had given these men commands too) with various charges.

Hist. 2.25.1Ācerrima sēditiōnum ac discordiae incitāmenta, interfectōrēs Galbae scelere et metū vaecordēs miscēre cūncta, modo palam turbidīs vōcibus, modo occultīs ad Othōnem litterīs;The fiercest incitements to mutiny and discord were Galba's murderers, who, frantic with guilt and fear, threw everything into confusion, now openly with riotous cries, now by secret letters to Otho; Hist. 2.25.1quī humillimō cuique crēdulus, bonōs metuēns trepidābat, rēbus prosperīs incertus et inter adversa melior.and he, credulous towards all the lowest men and fearing the good, was in a state of alarm, irresolute in prosperity and better in adversity. Hist. 2.25.1Igitur Titiānum frātrem accītum bellō praeposuit.So he summoned his brother Titianus and put him in charge of the war.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (94 words)
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
macer, -cra, -crumlean, thin, meagre; (of soil) poor
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
prosperē (adv.)successfully, favourably
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
namque, conj.for
promptus, -a, -umready, eager
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
trānsvehō, -vehere, -vexī, -vectuscarry across or over
nāvis, -is, f.ship
gladiātor, -ōris m.gladiator; as an insult: cutthroat, ruffian
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
repente (adv.)suddenly
effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
ibi, adv.in that place, there
Vitelliānus, -a, -umof Vitellius; as noun, a Vitellian soldier
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
sed, conj.but
reprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressumhold back, check
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
subsidium, -ī, n.reserve, reinforcement, support, help
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
suspectus, -a, -umsuspected, mistrusted
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
Othōniānus, -a, -umof Otho, Othonian; (m. pl. as noun) Otho's supporters
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
omnis, -eall, every
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
factum, -ī n.deed, act
prāvē (adv.)wrongly, badly
aestimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumvalue, reckon
certātim (adv.)eagerly, vying with one another
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
ignāvus, -a, -umlazy, cowardly
procāx, -ācisbold, forward, wanton
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
nam, conj.for
quoque, adv.also
praeficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectumput in charge of
varius, -a, -umvarious
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
incessō, -ere, -cessīvīattack, assail; (of feelings) seize
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
incitāmentum, -ī n.incentive, spur
interfector, -ōris m.killer, slayer
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
vaecors (vēcors), -cordisfrenzied, out of one's mind, mad
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
modo, adv.only
palam (adv.)openly, publicly
turbidus, -a, -umstormy, wild, confused
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
occultus, -a, -umhidden, secret
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
litterae, -ārum f. pl.letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch
humilis, -elow; humble, poor
crēdulus, -a, -umtrusting, credulous, too ready to believe
bonus, -a, -umgood
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
trepidō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe in a panic, hurry about in alarm
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
prosperus, -a, -umfavourable, successful, prosperous
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
igitur, conj.therefore
frāter, frātris, m.brother
acciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussummon, send for
bellum, -ī, n.war
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.