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Tacitus · Historiae II

Histories 2.11

The trial of Annius Faustus

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Hist. 2.11.1In cīvitāte discordī et ob crēbrās prīncipum mūtātiōnēs inter lībertātem ac licentiam incertā parvae quoque rēs magnīs mōtibus agēbantur.In a city at odds with itself, and wavering between liberty and licence because of the frequent changes of emperors, even small matters were carried on with great upheavals. Hist. 2.11.1Vībius Crispus, pecūniā potentiā ingeniō inter clārōs magis quam inter bonōs, Annium Faustum equestris ōrdinis, quī temporibus Nerōnis dēlātiōnēs factitāverat, ad cognitiōnem senātūs vocābat;Vibius Crispus, ranked through his wealth, power and talent among the famous rather than among the good, was summoning Annius Faustus, of the equestrian order, who had often practised as an informer in Nero's time, to trial before the senate; Hist. 2.11.1nam recēns Galbae prīncipātū cēnsuerant patrēs, ut accūsātōrum causae nōscerentur.for recently, under Galba's principate, the senators had decreed that the cases of the accusers should be investigated. Hist. 2.11.1Id senātūs cōnsultum variē iactātum et, prōut potēns vel inops reus inciderat, īnfirmum aut validum, retinēbat adhūc aliquid terrōris.That decree of the senate, variously applied, and weak or strong according to whether the defendant who fell under it was powerful or helpless, still retained some element of terror.

Hist. 2.11.1Et propriā vī Crispus incubuerat dēlātōrem frātris suī pervertere, trāxeratque magnam senātūs partem, ut indēfēnsum et inaudītum dēdī ad exitium postulārent.And Crispus had thrown his whole weight into ruining the man who had informed against his brother, and had drawn a great part of the senate to demand that he be handed over to death undefended and unheard. Hist. 2.11.1Contrā apud aliōs nihil aequē reō prōderat quam nimia potentia accūsātōris: darī tempus, ēdī crīmina, quamvīs invīsum ac nocentem mōre tamen audiendum cēnsēbant.On the other hand, with others nothing helped the defendant so much as the excessive power of his accuser: they proposed that time should be given and the charges published, and that, however hateful and guilty, he should still be heard according to custom. Hist. 2.11.1Et valuēre prīmō dīlātaque in paucōs diēs cognitiō: mox damnātus est Faustus, nēquāquam eō adsēnsū cīvitātis quem pessimīs mōribus meruerat: quippe ipsum Crispum eāsdem accūsātiōnēs cum praemiō exercuisse meminerant, nec poena crīminis sed ultor displicēbat.And at first they prevailed, and the trial was put off for a few days: soon Faustus was condemned, but by no means with that approval from the citizens which his evil character had deserved, for they remembered that Crispus himself had brought the same kind of accusations for reward, and it was not the punishment for the crime but the avenger that displeased them.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×1, indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (119 words)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
discors, -cordisdiscordant, not in harmony
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
crēber, -bra, -brumfrequent, numerous; close together
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
mūtātiō, -ōnis f.change, alteration
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
quoque, adv.also
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
mōtus, -ūs m.motion, movement; uprising
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
potentia, -ae f.power, influence
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
bonus, -a, -umgood
equester, -tris, -treof cavalry
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
dēlātiō, -ōnis f.denunciation, informing, accusation
factitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdo often, make a practice of
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
cognitiō, -ōnis f.learning, knowledge, study
senātus, -ūs m.senate
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
nam, conj.for
recēns, -entisrecent, fresh
prīncipātus, -ūs m.leadership, first place
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsusthink, believe, consider
pater, patris, m.father
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
accūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumblame, accuse
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
cōnsultum, -ī n.decree (senātūs cōnsultum: a decree of the Senate)
variē (adv.)in different ways, variously
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtoss about; discuss
prōut (conj.)just as, according as
potēns, -entispowerful
velor; vel … vel: either … or
inops, -opispoor, needy
reus, -ī m.defendant, the accused
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
īnfirmus, -a, -umweak
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
validus, -a, -umstrong
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
terror, -ōris, m.terror, fright
proprius, -a, -umone's own, private; characteristic (of)
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
incumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumlean on; throw oneself into, devote oneself to
dēlātor, -ōris m.informer, accuser
frāter, frātris, m.brother
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
pervertō, -ere, -vertī, -versusoverturn; corrupt, ruin
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
que, enclitic conj.and
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
indēfēnsus, -a, -umundefended; without defence
inaudītus, -a, -umunheard of, new, strange
dēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive away or up
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
postulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask, request, demand
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
aequē (adv.)equally, just as; aequē ac: just as
prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuībe of advantage, profit, avail, assist
nimius, -a, -umexcessive, too great
accūsātor, -ōris m.accuser, prosecutor
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
ēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput forth, give out, utter
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
invīsus, -a, -umhated, hateful (to: dat.)
nocēns, -entisguilty, criminal
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
prīmō, adv.at first
differō, differre, distulī, dīlātumdiffer; scatter, put off
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
mox, adv.soon
damnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcondemn
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
nēquāquam (adv.)by no means, not at all
assēnsus (adsēnsus), -ūs m.agreement, approval, assent
malus, -a, -umbad
mereō, -ēre, meruī, meritusdeserve, earn
quippe (adv.)of course, indeed, for
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
accūsātiō, -ōnis f.accusation, charge
cum, prep, with abl.with
praemium, -ī, n.reward
exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitusexercise
meminī, meminisseremember
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
sed, conj.but
ultor, -ōris m.avenger
displiceō, -ēre, -uī, -itumdisplease (+ dat.)
Tacitus, Historiae II. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.