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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.88

Portents and the Tiber flood

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Hist. 1.88.1Prōdigia īnsuper terrēbant dīversīs auctōribus vulgāta: in vestibulō Capitōliī omissās habēnās bīgae, cui Victōria īnstiterat, ērūpisse cellā Iūnōnis maiōrem hūmānā speciem, statuam dīvī Iūliī in īnsulā Tiberīnī amnis serēnō et immōtō diē ab occidente in orientem conversam, prōlocūtum in Etrūriā bovem, īnsolitōs animālium partūs, et plūra alia rudibus saeculīs etiam in pāce observāta, quae nunc tantum in metū audiuntur.Besides, portents reported by various sources caused terror: in the forecourt of the Capitol the reins of the chariot on which Victory stood had dropped from her hands; a form larger than human had burst out of the shrine of Juno; a statue of the deified Julius on the island in the Tiber had turned from west to east on a calm and windless day; an ox had spoken in Etruria; animals had given birth to strange offspring; and many other things observed in rude ages even in peacetime, which now are heard of only in time of fear. Hist. 1.88.1Sed praecipuus et cum praesentī exitiō etiam futūrī pavor subitā inundātiōne Tiberis, quī immēnsō auctū prōrutō ponte subliciō ac strāge obstantis mōlis refūsus, nōn modo iacentia et plāna urbis loca, sed sēcūra eius modī cāsuum implēvit: raptī ē pūblicō plērīque, plūrēs in tabernīs et cubīlibus interceptī.But the chief terror, bringing both present destruction and fear for the future, came from a sudden flood of the Tiber, which, swelling enormously, broke down the Sublician bridge, and, driven back by the wreckage of the obstructing mass, filled not only the low-lying and level parts of the city but those safe from such disasters: many were swept away in the streets, still more were caught in shops and in their beds.

Hist. 1.88.1Famēs in vulgus inopiā quaestūs et pēnūriā alimentōrum.Famine fell on the common people through lack of earnings and shortage of food. Hist. 1.88.1Corrupta stagnantibus aquīs īnsulārum fundāmenta, Dein remeante flūmine dīlāpsa.The foundations of apartment blocks were weakened by the standing water, and then collapsed when the river went down. Hist. 1.88.1Utque prīmum vacuus ā perīculō animus fuit, id ipsum quod parantī expedītiōnem Othōnī campus Mārtius et via Flāminia iter bellī esset obstrūctum, ā fortuītīs vel nātūrālibus causīs in prōdigium et ōmen imminentium clādium vertēbātur.And as soon as men's minds were free of danger, the very fact that the Campus Martius and the Flaminian Way, Otho's route to the war, had been blocked just as he was preparing his expedition, was turned from chance or natural causes into a portent and omen of impending disasters.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (122 words)
prōdigium, -ī n.portent; monster
īnsuper (adv.)above, on top; besides
terreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten, terrify
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
vulgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake common, spread abroad; (corpus) prostitute
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
vestibulum, -ī n.forecourt, entrance hall
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
habēna, -ae f.rein
bīga, -ae f. (usu. pl. bīgae)two-horse chariot
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
victōria, -ae, f.victory
īnsistō, -ere, īnstitīstand on
ērumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptumburst out, sally
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
speciēs, -ēī, f.sight, appearance, shape
statua, -ae f.statue
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
īnsula, -ae, f.island
Tiberīnus, -a, -umof the Tiber
amnis, -is m.river
serēnus, -a, -umclear, calm, fair
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
immōtus, -a, -umunmoved, unchanging
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
occidēns, -entis m.the west
oriēns, -entis m.the rising sun; the East
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
prōloquor, -ī, -locūtus sumspeak out, declare openly
bōs, bovis, gen. plur. boum, dat. and abl. plur. bōbus, m. and f.ox, bull, cow
īnsolitus, -a, -umunaccustomed; unusual, strange
animal, -ālis n.living creature, animal
partus, -ūs m.birth; offspring
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
rudis, -eraw, rough; (of cloth) new, unshrunk
saeculum, -ī n.generation, age; century
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
pāx, pācis f.peace
observō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumwatch; keep, respect
nunc, adv.now
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
sed, conj.but
praecipuus, -a, -umspecial, particular, outstanding
cum, prep, with abl.with
praesēns, -sentis, adj.present, immediate, imminent
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
pavor, -ōris, m.terror, panic
subitus, -a, -umsudden
inundātiō, -ōnis f.flood, inundation
immēnsus (inmēnsus), -a, -umimmeasurable, boundless, vast
auctus, -ūs m.growth, increase; swelling (of a river)
prōruō, -ere, -ruī, -rutumthrow down, demolish
pōns, pontis, m.bridge
sublicius, -a, -umresting on piles; pōns Sublicius: the Pile Bridge over the Tiber
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
strāgēs, -is f.slaughter, carnage; heap of fallen bodies
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
mōlēs, -is f.mass; dam, breakwater
refundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour back; (pass.) flow back
nōn, adv.not
modo, adv.only
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
plānus, -a, -umflat, level
urbs, urbis, f.city
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
sēcūrus, -a, -umfree from care, untroubled; careless (of: gen.)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
pūblicum, -ī n.open street, public place
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraquemost, very many
taberna, -ae f.hut; shop, stall
cubīle, -is n.bed, resting place
intercipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptumintercept, catch
famēs, -is, abl. famē, f.hunger
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
inopia, -ae f.lack, want, scarcity
quaestus, -ūs m.gain, profit
pēnūria, -ae f.want, need, poverty
alimentum, -ī n.food, nourishment
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
stagnō, -āreform pools, stand stagnant; overflow, flood
aqua, -ae, f.water
fundāmentum, -ī n.foundation
deinde, adv.then, next
remeō, -āre, -āvīgo back, return
flūmen, -minis, n.river
dīlābor, -lābī, -lāpsus sumslip away, melt away, scatter
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
que, enclitic conj.and
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
vacuus, -a, -umempty
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
quod, conj.that, in that, because
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
expedītiō, -ōnis f.expedition, raid
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
Mārtius, -a, -umof Mars; campus Mārtius, the Field of Mars outside the old city
via, -ae, f.road, way
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
bellum, -ī, n.war
obstruō, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctusbuild against, block up
fortuītus, -a, -umaccidental, happening by chance; n. pl., accidents
velor; vel … vel: either … or
nātūrālis, -enatural, by nature
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
ōmen, ōminis n.omen, sign; hīsce ōminibus: with these words of ill omen
immineō, -ērehang over; threaten, be close at hand
clādēs, -is f.disaster, defeat, destruction
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.