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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.78

The provinces take sides

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Hist. 1.78.1Prīmus Othōnī fīdūciam addidit ex Illyricō nūntius iūrāsse in eum Dalmatiae ac Pannoniae et Moesiae legiōnēs.The first thing that gave Otho confidence was news from Illyricum that the legions of Dalmatia, Pannonia and Moesia had sworn allegiance to him. Hist. 1.78.1Idem ex Hispāniā adlātum laudātusque per ēdictum Cluvius Rūfus: set statim cognitum est conversam ad Vitellium Hispāniam.The same was reported from Spain, and Cluvius Rufus was praised in an edict: but it was immediately learned that Spain had gone over to Vitellius. Hist. 1.78.1Nē Aquītānia quidem, quamquam ab Iūliō Cordō in verba Othōnis obstricta, diū mānsit.Not even Aquitania, though bound to Otho's oath by Julius Cordus, held firm for long. Hist. 1.78.1Nūsquam fidēs aut amor: metū ac necessitāte hūc illūc mūtābantur.Nowhere was there loyalty or affection: they shifted this way and that from fear and necessity. Hist. 1.78.1Eadem formīdō prōvinciam Narbōnēnsem ad Vitellium vertit, facilī trānsitū ad proximōs et validiōrēs.The same fear turned the province of Narbonensis to Vitellius, for going over to the nearest and stronger is easy. Hist. 1.78.1Longinquae prōvinciae et quidquid armōrum marī dirimitur penes Othōnem manēbat, nōn partium studiō, sed erat grande mōmentum in nōmine urbis ac praetextō senātūs, et occupāverat animōs prior audītus.The distant provinces and all the armed forces separated by the sea remained with Otho, not from devotion to his party, but there was great weight in the name of the city and the cloak of the senate, and he had taken possession of their minds by being heard of first.

Hist. 1.78.1Iūdaicum exercitum Vespasiānus, Syriae legiōnēs Mūciānus sacrāmentō Othōnis adēgēre;Vespasian swore the army of Judaea to allegiance to Otho, Mucianus the legions of Syria; Hist. 1.78.1simul Aegyptus omnēsque versae in Orientem prōvinciae nōmine eius tenēbantur.at the same time Egypt and all the provinces facing the East were held in his name. Hist. 1.78.1Idem Āfricae obsequium, initiō Carthāgine ortō neque expectātā Vipstānī Aproniānī prōcōnsulis auctōritāte: Crēscēns Nerōnis lībertus (nam et hī malīs temporibus partem sē reī pūblicae faciunt) epulum plēbī ob laetitiam recentis imperiī obtulerat, et populus plēraque sine modō festīnāvit.Africa showed the same compliance, the start being made at Carthage without waiting for the authority of the proconsul Vipstanus Apronianus: Crescens, a freedman of Nero (for in bad times these men too make themselves part of the state), had given a banquet to the common people in joy at the new reign, and the populace rushed into most things without restraint. Hist. 1.78.1Carthāginem cēterae cīvitātēs secūtae.The other communities followed Carthage.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (106 words)
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
fīdūcia, -ae f.confidence, trust, reliance
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
adferō, adferre, attulī, adlātusbear to, bring
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
que, enclitic conj.and
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ēdictum, -ī n.proclamation, edict (of a magistrate)
sed, conj.but
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
quamquam, conj.however much, although
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
verbum, -ī, n.word
obstringō, -ere, -strīnxī, -strictumbind, put under obligation
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
nūsquam, adv.nowhere
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
amor, -ōris, m.love
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
necessitās, -ātis f.necessity, compulsion
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
illūc (adv.)to that place, there
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
Narbōnēnsis, -eof Narbo; Gallia Narbonensis, the province of southern Gaul
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
trānsitus, -ūs m.crossing, passage
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
validus, -a, -umstrong
longinquus, -a, -umdistant, remote
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
mare, maris, n.sea
dirimō, -ere, dirēmī, dirēmptumbreak off, interrupt
penes (prep. + acc.)in the hands of, in the power of
nōn, adv.not
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
grandis, -elarge, big
mōmentum, -ī n.weight, importance; levī mōmentō: as a slight matter
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
urbs, urbis, f.city
praetextum, -ī n.pretext, pretence; ornament, cover
senātus, -ūs m.senate
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
Iūdaicus, -a, -umJewish
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
sacrāmentum, -ī n.military oath (of allegiance)
adigō, -ere, adēgī, adāctumdrive, hurl (a weapon) to
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
omnis, -eall, every
oriēns, -entis m.the rising sun; the East
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
obsequium, -ī n.compliance, obedience; service (to a god): obsequium praestāre Deō
initium, -ī, n.beginning
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
prōcōnsul, -ulis m.proconsul, governor
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
lībertus, -ī m.freedman (a former slave, in relation to his former master)
nam, conj.for
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
malus, -a, -umbad
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
epulum, -ī n.public banquet, feast
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
recēns, -entisrecent, fresh
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
populus, -ī m.people, nation
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraquemost, very many
sine, prep. with abl.without
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
festīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhurry, make haste
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.