| mīrus, -a, -um | wonderful, strange |
| inter, prep, with acc. | among, between |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| imperātor, -ōris, m. | commander, general |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| dīversitās, -ātis f. | difference, variety; contrast, contradiction |
| īnstō, -āre, -stitī | press on; be at hand |
| mīles, mīlitis, m. | soldier |
| arma, -ōrum, n. plur. | arms, weapons |
| poscō, poscere, poposcī | ask, demand |
| dum, conj. | while, as; as long as; until |
| trepidō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | be in a panic, hurry about in alarm |
| cūnctor, -ārī, -ātus sum | delay, hesitate |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| obstō, -stāre, -stitī | stand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.) |
| hiems, hiemis f. | winter |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| ignāvus, -a, -um | lazy, cowardly |
| pāx, pācis f. | peace |
| mora, -ae, f. | delay |
| invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsus | go into, attack, seize; come upon |
| occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātus | seize; fill |
| urbs, urbis, f. | city |
| nihil, n., indecl. | nothing |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| discordia, -ae f. | disagreement, discord, strife |
| cīvīlis, -e | of citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war |
| festīnātiō, -ōnis f. | haste, hurry |
| tūtus, -a, -um | safe |
| ubi, adv. | where; conj., when |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| magis, comp. adv. | more, rather |
| quam, adv. | how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible |
| cōnsultum, -ī n. | decree (senātūs cōnsultum: a decree of the Senate) |
| opus, operis, n. | work, task |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| torpeō, -ēre | be numb, be paralysed |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| fortūna, -ae, f. | fortune |
| prīncipātus, -ūs m. | leadership, first place |
| iners, -ertis | sluggish, idle, unmanly |
| luxus, -ūs m. | extravagance, luxury |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| prōdigus, -a, -um | wasteful, extravagant; as noun, a spendthrift |
| epulae, -ārum f. pl. | feast, banquet |
| praesūmō, -ere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptus | take beforehand; anticipate; presume, take for granted |
| medium, -ī n. | the middle; in mediō: in the midst |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| tēmulentus, -a, -um | drunk, tipsy |
| sagīna, -ae f. | fattening, cramming; gorging, gluttony; fat, plumpness |
| gravis, -e | heavy; severe, grievous, serious |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| tamen, adv. | however, yet, nevertheless |
| ardor, -ōris m. | blaze, fire, glow; ardor caelī: a light in the sky |
| vīs, vīs, f. | violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main |
| ultrō (adv.) | of one's own accord; besides (ultrō citrōque: back and forth) |
| dux, ducis, m. and f. | leader, commander |
| mūnia, -ium n. pl. | duties, official functions |
| impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum | fill; fulfil, complete |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| sī, conj. | if |
| adsum, adesse, adfuī | be present, be at hand |
| strēnuus, -a, -um | active, vigorous, energetic |
| vel | or; vel … vel: either … or |
| spēs, speī, f. | hope |
| metus, -ūs m. | fear, dread |
| addō, -ere, -didī, -ditus | add, put to |
| īnstruo, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctus | build in or into; draw up; equip, furnish, |
| intentus, -a, -um | attentive, alert, watchful |
| signum, -ī, n. | sign, signal |
| profectiō, -ōnis, f. | departure, start |
| exposcō, -ere, -poposcī | demand earnestly, call for |
| nōmen, -minis, n. | name (that by which one is known) |
| Germānicus, -a, -um | German, of the Germans |
| statim, adv. | on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātus | call, name |
| etiam, adv. | and now, also, too, even |
| victor, -ōris m. | conqueror, victor |
| prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitus | hold back, prevent, hinder |
| laetus, -a, -um | glad, joyful |
| augurium, -ī n. | augury, the reading of signs from birds; omen |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| agō, agere, ēgī, āctus | drive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| aquila, -ae f. | eagle; the eagle standard of a legion |
| lēnis, -e | gentle |
| meātus, -ūs m. | movement, course, path |
| prōut (conj.) | just as, according as |
| agmen, -minis, n. | band, column |
| incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum | walk, step, advance |
| velut | even or just as, as |
| via, -ae, f. | road, way |
| praevolō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | fly in front, fly ahead |
| longus, -a, -um | long; tedious |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| spatium, -ī, n. | space, interval; space of time, time |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsus | be glad, rejoice |
| clāmor, -ōris, m. | shout, cry |
| quiēs, quiētis, f. | rest, repose |
| interritus, -a, -um | undaunted, fearless |
| āles, ālitis m./f. | bird (especially a bird of omen) |
| haud, adv. | not at all, by no means, not |
| dubius, -a, -um | doubtful, uncertain |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| prosperus, -a, -um | favourable, successful, prosperous |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| ōmen, ōminis n. | omen, sign; hīsce ōminibus: with these words of ill omen |
| accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer |