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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.54

Caecina and the upper army

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Hist. 1.54.1At in superiōre Germāniā Caecīna, decōrus iuventā, corpore ingēns, animī immodicus, scītō sermōne, ērēctō incessū, studia mīlitum inlexerat.But in Upper Germany Caecina, handsome and youthful, huge in body, immoderate in spirit, clever in speech, upright in bearing, had won over the soldiers' devotion. Hist. 1.54.1Hunc iuvenem Galba, quaestōrem in Baeticā impigrē in partīs suās trānsgressum, legiōnī praeposuit: mox compertum pūblicam pecūniam āvertisse ut pecūlātōrem flāgitārī iussit.This young man, who as quaestor in Baetica had actively gone over to his side, Galba put in command of a legion: then, when it was discovered that he had embezzled public money, he ordered him to be prosecuted as a peculator. Hist. 1.54.1Caecīna aegrē passus miscēre cūncta et prīvāta vulnera reī pūblicae malīs operīre statuit.Caecina, resenting it, resolved to throw everything into confusion and to cover his private wounds with the evils of the state. Hist. 1.54.1Nec dēerant in exercitū sēmina discordiae, quod et bellō adversus Vindicem ūniversus adfuerat, nec nisi occīsō Nerōne trānslātus in Galbam atque in eō ipsō sacrāmentō vēxillīs īnferiōris Germāniae praeventus erat.Nor were seeds of discord lacking in the army, because it had been present in full force in the war against Vindex and had not gone over to Galba until Nero was killed, and even in that very oath it had been forestalled by the detachments of Lower Germany.

Hist. 1.54.1Et Trēvirī ac Lingonēs, quāsque aliās cīvitātēs atrōcibus ēdictīs aut damnō fīnium Galba perculerat, hībernīs legiōnum propius miscentur: unde sēditiōsa colloquia et inter pāgānōs corruptior mīles;And the Treviri and Lingones, and the other states which Galba had struck with harsh edicts or loss of territory, mingle more closely with the legions' winter quarters: hence seditious talk, and the soldiers more corrupt among the civilians; Hist. 1.54.1et in Verginium favor cuicumque aliī prōfutūrus.and devotion to Verginius, ready to benefit any other man.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (87 words)
at, conj.but
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
superior, -ius, adj.higher; former, previous, preceding
decōrus, -a, -umhandsome, fine, splendid
iuventa, -ae f.youth, the time of youth
corpus, corporis, n.body
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
immodicus, -a, -umexcessive, unrestrained
scītus, -a, -umclever, shrewd, witty; neat, elegant
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
ērēctus, -a, -umupright, erect
incessus, -ūs m.walk, gait
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
illiciō, -licere, -lexī, -lectusentice, lure, seduce
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
quaestor, -ōris m.quaestor, a Roman official in charge of an army's funds
impigrē (adv.)energetically, briskly
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
trānsgredior, -ī, -gressus sumcross over
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
mox, adv.soon
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
pecūlātor, -ōris m.embezzler of public money
flāgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdemand urgently
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
aegrē, adv.ill, with difficulty
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
prīvātus, -a, -umprivate
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
operiō, -īre, -uī, -ertuscover
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtuscause to stand; decide, resolve
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
sēmen, sēminis n.seed
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
quod, conj.that, in that, because
bellum, -ī, n.war
adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus)against, opposite
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
nisi, conj.if not, unless
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
trānsferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātuscarry across, transfer
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
sacrāmentum, -ī n.military oath (of allegiance)
vēxillum, -ī n.banner, flag
īnferior, -iuslower
praeveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventumcome before, arrive first, get ahead of
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
que, enclitic conj.and
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
atrōx, -ōcissavage, cruel, dreadful
ēdictum, -ī n.proclamation, edict (of a magistrate)
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
damnum, -ī, n.harm, injury
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
percellō, -ere, -culī, -culsusstrike down; dismay, crush
hīberna, -ōrum n. pl.winter quarters
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
unde, adv.whence
sēditiōsus, -a, -umrebellious, stirring up trouble
colloquium (conloquium), -ī n.conference, talk
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
pāgānus, -ī m.country-dweller, villager
corruptus, -a, -umspoiled, tainted, corrupt
favor, -ōris m.goodwill, support, applause
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuībe of advantage, profit, avail, assist
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.