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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.50

Galba's burial and character

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Hist. 1.50.1Galbae corpus diū neglēctum et licentiā tenebrārum plūrimīs lūdibriīs vexātum dispēnsātor Argius ē priōribus servīs humilī sepultūrā in prīvātīs eius hortīs contēxit.Galba's body, long neglected and abused with many outrages under the licence of darkness, was buried by Argius, his steward, one of his former slaves, in a humble grave in his private gardens. Hist. 1.50.1Caput per lixās cālōnēsque suffīxum lacerātumque ante Patrobiī tumulum (lībertus in Nerōnis pūnītus ā Galbā fuerat) posterā dēmum diē repertum et cremātō iam corporī admixtum est.His head, fixed on a pole and mangled by sutlers and camp servants before the tomb of Patrobius (a freedman of Nero who had been punished by Galba), was found only on the following day and joined to the body, already cremated. Hist. 1.50.1Hunc exitum habuit Servius Galba, tribus et septuāgintā annīs quīnque prīncipēs prosperā fortūnā ēmēnsus et aliēnō imperiō fēlīcior quam suō.Such was the end of Servius Galba, who in seventy-three years had lived through the reigns of five emperors with good fortune, and was happier under another's rule than his own. Hist. 1.50.1Vetus in familiā nōbilitās, magnae opēs: ipsī medium ingenium, magis extrā vitia quam cum virtūtibus.His family had ancient nobility and great wealth; he himself had a middling character, free of vices rather than endowed with virtues.

Hist. 1.50.1Fāmae nec incūriōsus nec venditātor;He was neither careless of reputation nor one to advertise himself; Hist. 1.50.1pecūniae aliēnae nōn adpetēns, suae parcus, pūblicae avārus;not covetous of other men's money, sparing of his own, miserly with the state's; Hist. 1.50.1amīcōrum lībertōrumque, ubi in bonōs incidisset, sine reprehēnsiōne patiēns, sī malī forent, ūsque ad culpam ignārus.towards his friends and freedmen, when he chanced upon good ones, indulgent beyond reproach; if they were bad, blind to the point of fault. Hist. 1.50.1Sed clāritās nātālium et metus temporum obtentuī, ut, quod segnitia erat, sapientia vocārētur.But the distinction of his birth and the fear of the times served as a cloak, so that what was sloth was called wisdom. Hist. 1.50.1Dum vigēbat aetās mīlitārī laude apud Germāniās flōruit.While in the prime of life he was renowned for military distinction in the Germanies. Hist. 1.50.1Prō cōnsule Āfricam moderātē, iam senior citeriōrem Hispāniam parī iūstitiā continuit, maior prīvātō vīsus dum prīvātus fuit, et omnium cōnsēnsū capāx imperiī nisi imperāsset.As proconsul he governed Africa with moderation, and, when already older, Nearer Spain with equal justice, seeming greater than a private citizen while he was one, and by universal consent capable of ruling, had he not ruled.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (124 words)
corpus, corporis, n.body
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
neglegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusdisregard, neglect
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
tenebrae, -ārum f. pl.darkness
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
lūdibrium, -ī n.mockery; a plaything, laughing-stock
vexō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumharass, ravage
dispēnsātor, -ōris m.steward, treasurer, manager of a household
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
humilis, -elow; humble, poor
sepultūra, -ae, f.burial
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
prīvātus, -a, -umprivate
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
hortus, -ī, m.garden
contegō, -tegere, -tēxī, -tēctuscover
caput, capitis, n.head
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
lixa, -ae m.camp follower, sutler
cālō, -ōnis m.soldier's servant, camp follower
que, enclitic conj.and
suffīgō, -ere, -fīxī, -fīxumfasten (on), nail up; in cruce suffīgere: crucify
lacerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustear to pieces; squander, waste
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
tumulus, -ī m.mound, hillock
lībertus, -ī m.freedman (a former slave, in relation to his former master)
pūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītuspunish
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
posterus, -a, -umfollowing, next
dēmum, adv.at last
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
cremō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumburn
iam, adv.now, already
admisceō, -ēre, -miscuī, -mixtusmix in, add to
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
exitus, -ūs m.way out; outcome, end
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
septuāgintā (indecl.)seventy
annus, -ī, m.year
quīnquefive
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
prosperus, -a, -umfavourable, successful, prosperous
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
ēmētior, -īrī, ēmēnsus summeasure out; travel over, traverse; live through
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
vetus, veterisold, former
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
nōbilitās, -tātis f.the nobility
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
extrā (prep. + acc.)outside, beyond
vitium, -ī n.fault, vice
cum, prep, with abl.with
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
incūriōsus, -a, -umcareless, indifferent, unconcerned (about)
venditātor, -ōris m.one who shows off, boaster
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
nōn, adv.not
appetō, -petere, -petīvī, -petītusdraw near
parcus, -a, -umsparing, thrifty, frugal
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
avārus, -a, -umgreedy, avaricious
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
bonus, -a, -umgood
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
sine, prep. with abl.without
reprehēnsiō, -ōnis f.blame, censure, criticism
patiēns, -entispatient, able to endure
sī, conj.if
malus, -a, -umbad
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
sed, conj.but
clāritās, -ātis f.brightness; renown, glory
nātālis, -eof birth (diēs nātālis: birthday)
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
obtentus, -ūs m.covering; pretext, show
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
segnitia, -ae f.sloth, sluggishness, inactivity
sapientia, -ae f.wisdom, good sense
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
vigeō, -ēre, -uībe strong, thrive, flourish
aetās, -tātis, f.age
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
flōreō, -ēre, -uīflourish, be prosperous
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
moderātē (adv.)with restraint, moderately; (comp.) moderātius
senior, -ōris m.elder; seniores: the elders (of the people)
citerior, -ius, adj.on this side, hither
pār, parisequal
iūstitia, -ae f.justice, fairness
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
omnis, -eall, every
cōnsēnsus, -ūs, m.agreement, consent
capāx, -ācisroomy, spacious; capable (of: gen.)
nisi, conj.if not, unless
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.