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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.15

Galba addresses Piso

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Hist. 1.15.1Igitur Galba, adprehēnsā Pīsōnis manū, in hunc modum locūtus fertur: "sī tē prīvātus lēge cūriātā apud pontificēs, ut mōris est, adoptārem, et mihi ēgregium erat Cn. Pompēī et M. Crassī subolem in penātīs meōs adscīscere, et tibi īnsigne Sulpiciae ac Lutātiae decora nōbilitātī tuae adiēcisse: nunc mē deōrum hominumque cōnsēnsū ad imperium vocātum praeclāra indolēs tua et amor patriae impulit ut prīncipātum, dē quō maiōrēs nostrī armīs certābant, bellō adeptus quiēscentī offeram, exemplō dīvī Augustī quī sorōris fīlium Mārcellum, Dein generum Agrippam, mox nepōtēs suōs, postrēmō Tiberium Nerōnem prīvignum in proximō sibi fastīgiō conlocāvit.So Galba, taking Piso by the hand, is said to have spoken in this fashion: 'If I were a private citizen adopting you by a curiate law before the pontiffs, as is customary, it would be a fine thing for me to bring into my household the offspring of Gnaeus Pompeius and Marcus Crassus, and a distinction for you to have added the honours of the Sulpician and Lutatian houses to your nobility: as it is, called to the empire by the consent of gods and men, I have been moved by your outstanding character and by love of my country to offer to you, a man at peace, the principate for which our ancestors fought with arms and which I won by war, following the example of the deified Augustus, who placed in the position next to himself his sister's son Marcellus, then his son-in-law Agrippa, then his grandsons, and finally his stepson Tiberius Nero.

Hist. 1.15.1Sed Augustus in domō successōrem quaesīvit, ego in rē pūblicā, nōn quia propinquōs aut sociōs bellī nōn habeam, sed neque ipse imperium ambitiōne accēpī, et iūdiciī meī documentum sit nōn meae tantum necessitūdinēs, quās tibi postposuī, sed et tuae.But Augustus sought a successor in his own house, I in the state, not because I have no relatives or comrades in war, but because I myself did not accept the empire out of ambition, and let it be proof of my judgement that I have passed over not only my own connections, whom I have set below you, but yours too. Hist. 1.15.1Est tibi frāter parī nōbilitāte, nātū maior, dignus hāc fortūnā nisi tū potior essēs.You have a brother of equal nobility, older than you, worthy of this fortune if you were not the better man. Hist. 1.15.1Ea aetās tua quae cupiditātēs adulēscentiae iam effūgerit, ea vīta in quā nihil praeteritum excūsandum habeās.Your age is such that it has already escaped the passions of youth, your life such that you have nothing in your past to excuse. Hist. 1.15.1Fortūnam adhūc tantum adversam tulistī: secundae rēs ācriōribus stimulīs animōs explōrant, quia miseriae tolerantur, fēlīcitāte corrumpimur.So far you have borne only adverse fortune: prosperity tests the spirit with sharper goads, because misfortunes are endured, but by good fortune we are corrupted.

Hist. 1.15.1Fidem, lībertātem, amīcitiam, praecipua hūmānī animī bona, tū quidem eādem cōnstantiā retinēbis, sed aliī per obsequium imminuent: inrumpet adūlātiō, blanditiae et pessimum vērī adfectūs venēnum, sua cuique ūtilitās.Loyalty, independence, friendship, the chief goods of the human spirit, you will indeed keep with the same steadfastness, but others will impair them by servility: flattery will burst in, and blandishments, and self-interest, the worst poison of true feeling. Hist. 1.15.1Etiam sī ego ac tū simplicissimē inter nōs hodiē loquimur, cēterī libentius cum fortūnā nostrā quam nōbīscum;Even if you and I speak quite frankly to each other today, everyone else will speak more gladly to our fortune than to us; Hist. 1.15.1nam suādēre prīncipī quod oporteat multī labōris, adsentātiō ergā quemcumque prīncipem sine adfectū peragitur."for to persuade an emperor of what is right is heavy labour, while flattery towards any emperor whatever is carried through without any feeling.'

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (163 words)
igitur, conj.therefore
apprehendō, -ere, -prehendī, -prehēnsumtake hold of, grasp
manus, -ūs, f.hand
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
sī, conj.if
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
prīvātus, -a, -umprivate
lēx, lēgis f.law
cūriātus, -a, -umof the curiae; lex curiata: law passed by the curiate assembly
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
pontifex, -icis m.priest, pontiff (pontifex maximus: chief priest of Rome)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
adoptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusadopt; choose, take for oneself
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
subolēs, -is f.offspring, a child
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
adscīscō, -ere, -scīvī, -scītustake up, admit, attach to oneself (as an ally)
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
nōbilitās, -tātis f.the nobility
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
adiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow to, throw, hurl
nunc, adv.now
deus, -ī, m.god
homō, hominis, m.man
que, enclitic conj.and
cōnsēnsus, -ūs, m.agreement, consent
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
praeclārus, -clāra, -clārumvery bright; splendid, remarkable, famous
indolēs, -is f.natural character, nature, spirit
amor, -ōris, m.love
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
impellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive or urge on, incite, urge
prīncipātus, -ūs m.leadership, first place
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
noster, -tra, -trumour
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
bellum, -ī, n.war
adipīscor, -ī, adeptus sumobtain, win, gain
quiēscō, -ere, quiēvī, quiētusrest, keep quiet
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
exemplum, -ī n.example, precedent
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
soror, -ōris, f.sister
fīlius, -ī, m.son
deinde, adv.then, next
gener, -erī m.son-in-law
mox, adv.soon
nepōs, nepōtis, m.grandson
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
prīvignus, -ī m.stepson
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
fastīgium, -ī n.top, summit; slope; height
conlocō, -locāre, -locāvī, -locātusplace together, put, place
sed, conj.but
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
successor, -ōris m.successor (in office)
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
nōn, adv.not
quia (conj.)because
propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f.near; (noun) relative
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
ambitiō, -ōnis f.canvassing for office; ambition, desire for honours
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
documentum, -ī n.lesson, warning, example
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
necessitūdō, -inis f.close tie, relationship
postpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput aside, put after
frāter, frātris, m.brother
pār, parisequal
nātū (abl. only)by birth (maiōrēs nātū: the elders)
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
nisi, conj.if not, unless
potior, -ius (comp. adj.)better, preferable, more powerful
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
aetās, -tātis, f.age
cupiditās, -tātis, f.desire, longing, eagerness
adulēscentia, -ae, f.youth
iam, adv.now, already
effugio, -fugere, -fūgīflee out or away, escape
vīta, -ae, f.life
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
praeteritus, -a, -umpast (praeterita: the past)
excūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusexcuse, make excuses for
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
secundus, -a, -umfollowing, favorable
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
stimulus, -ī m.goad; in Caesar an iron spike set in the ground
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
explōrō, -plōrāre, -plōrāvī, -plōrātussearch out, explore
miseria, -ae f.misery, distress, suffering
tolerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumbear, endure; keep off (hunger)
fēlīcitās, -ātis f.good fortune, luck
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
praecipuus, -a, -umspecial, particular, outstanding
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
cōnstantia, -ae f.steadiness, firmness
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
obsequium, -ī n.compliance, obedience; service (to a god): obsequium praestāre Deō
imminuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtuslessen, diminish; passive: go down
inrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusburst into or in
adūlātiō, -ōnis f.flattery, fawning
blanditia, -ae f.flattery, coaxing; (pl.) endearments
malus, -a, -umbad
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
affectus (adfectus), -ūs m.feeling, emotion, affection; disposition
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
ūtilitās, -ātis f.usefulness, advantage
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
simpliciter (adv.)simply, plainly, frankly
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
nōsplur. of ego
hodiē (adv.)today
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
libenter, adv.willingly, gladly
cum, prep, with abl.with
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
nam, conj.for
suādeō, -ēre, suāsī, suāsusadvise, urge
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
oportet, -ēre, oportuit (impersonal)it is right, it is necessary
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
adsentātiō (assentātiō), -ōnis f.flattery
ergā, prep, with acc.toward, for
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
sine, prep. with abl.without
peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumcarry through, complete
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.