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Tacitus · Germania

Germania 30

The Chatti and their discipline

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1Beyond these the Chatti begin their settlements at the Hercynian forest, in places not so open and marshy as the other states into which Germany spreads, for the hills continue, gradually becoming sparser, and the Hercynian forest escorts its Chatti and at the same time sets them down. 2The race has hardier bodies, compact limbs, a threatening look and a greater vigour of spirit. 2They have much judgement and skill, for Germans: to put chosen men in command, to obey those in command, to know their ranks, to recognise opportunities, to hold back their attacks, to plan the day, to entrench at night, to count fortune among uncertainties and valour among certainties, and, what is rarest and granted only to Roman discipline, to place more reliance on the general than on the army.

3All their strength is in the infantry, whom they load not only with arms but also with tools and provisions: other peoples you would see going to a battle, the Chatti to a war. 3Raids and chance fighting are rare with them. 3That is indeed characteristic of cavalry forces, to win victory quickly and to give way quickly: speed in infantry is close to fear, deliberation is nearer to steadfastness.

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Tacitus, Germania. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.