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Tacitus · Agricola

Agricola 7

Civil war and a legion command

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Agr. 7.1Sequēns annus gravī vulnere animum domumque eius adflīxit.The following year struck his heart and his household with a heavy wound. Agr. 7.2Nam classis Othōniāna licenter vaga dum Intimilium (Liguriae pars est) hostīliter populātur, mātrem Agricolae in praediīs suīs interfēcit, praediaque ipsa et magnam patrimōniī partem dīripuit, quae causa caedis fuerat.For Otho's fleet, roaming without restraint, while it was plundering Intimilium (it is a part of Liguria) as if it were enemy territory, killed Agricola's mother on her own estates, and plundered the estates themselves and a large part of her fortune, which had been the reason for the murder. Agr. 7.3Igitur ad sollemnia pietātis profectus Agricola, nūntiō adfectātī ā Vespasiānō imperiī dēprehēnsus ac statim in partīs trānsgressus est.So Agricola, setting out to perform the solemn rites of filial devotion, was overtaken by news that Vespasian was claiming the empire, and at once went over to his side. Agr. 7.4Initia prīncipātūs ac statum urbis Mūciānus regēbat, iuvene admodum Domitiānō et ex paternā fortūnā tantum licentiam ūsurpante.The beginnings of the reign and the state of the city were directed by Mucianus, since Domitian was very young and was taking from his father's fortune nothing but licence.

Agr. 7.5Is missum ad dīlēctūs agendōs Agricolam integrēque ac strēnuē versātum vīcēsimae legiōnī tardē ad sacrāmentum trānsgressae praeposuit, ubi dēcessor sēditiōsē agere narrābātur: quippe lēgātīs quoque cōnsulāribus nimia ac formīdolōsa erat, nec lēgātus praetōrius ad cohibendum potēns, incertum suō an mīlitum ingeniō.Mucianus sent Agricola to hold levies, and when he had conducted himself with integrity and energy, put him in command of the Twentieth Legion, which had been slow to take the oath, where his predecessor was said to be behaving seditiously: for the legion was too powerful and formidable even for consular governors, and the praetorian legate had no power to restrain it, whether through his own character or the soldiers' is uncertain. Agr. 7.6Ita successor simul et ultor ēlēctus rārissimā moderātiōne māluit vidērī invēnisse bonōs quam fēcisse.So, chosen as at once successor and avenger, he preferred, with the rarest moderation, to seem to have found them loyal rather than to have made them so.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (100 words)
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
annus, -ī, m.year
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
que, enclitic conj.and
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
afflīgō, -ere, -flīxī, -flīctusstrike against, damage, wreck
nam, conj.for
classis, -is f.fleet
Othōniānus, -a, -umof Otho, Othonian; (m. pl. as noun) Otho's supporters
licenter (adv.)freely, without restraint; licentius: too freely
vagus, -a, -umwandering, roaming
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
hostīliter (adv.)like an enemy, hostilely
populor, -ārī, -ātus sumlay waste, plunder
māter, mātris, f.mother
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
praedium, -ī n.estate, farm
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
patrimōnium, -ī n.inheritance, family estate
dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptumplunder
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
igitur, conj.therefore
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
sollemnis, -esolemn, ritual, customary
pietās, -ātis f.dutifulness, devotion to family and gods
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
adfectō (affectō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusaim at, strive for, aspire to
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
dēprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hēnsuscatch, seize, overtake; detect
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
trānsgredior, -ī, -gressus sumcross over
initium, -ī, n.beginning
prīncipātus, -ūs m.leadership, first place
status, -ūs m.condition, state
urbs, urbis, f.city
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
admodum (adv.)very, quite
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
paternus, -a, -umof a father, a father's
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
ūsurpō, -āre, -āvī, -ātususe, employ; put into practice
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
dīlēctus, -ūs m.levy, recruitment of soldiers; dīlēctum habēre: hold a levy
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
integrē (adv.)honestly, uprightly; correctly
strēnuē (adv.)vigorously, actively, energetically
versor, -ārī, -ātuskeep turning, be busy or employed, be
vīcēsimus, -a, -umtwentieth
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
tardē (adv.)slowly; comp. tardius
sacrāmentum, -ī n.military oath (of allegiance)
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
dēcessor, -ōris m.predecessor (in an office)
sēditiōsē (adv.)seditiously, in a mutinous way
narrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustell, relate, narrate
quippe (adv.)of course, indeed, for
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
quoque, adv.also
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
nimius, -a, -umexcessive, too great
formīdulōsus, -a, -umfearful; causing fear, dreadful
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
praetōrius, -a, -umof the commander (praetōria cohors: bodyguard)
cohibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold back, restrain, keep in check
potēns, -entispowerful
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
an, conj.or (in questions)
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
successor, -ōris m.successor (in office)
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
ultor, -ōris m.avenger
ēligō, -ere, ēlēgī, ēlēctumpick out, choose
rārus, -a, -umscattered, few
moderātiō, -ōnis f.restraint, moderation, self-control; control, management
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
bonus, -a, -umgood
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
Tacitus, Agricola. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.