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Tacitus · Agricola

Agricola 43

Agricola's death and Domitian

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Agr. 43.1Fīnis vītae eius nōbīs lūctuōsus, amīcīs trīstis, extrāneīs etiam ignōtīsque nōn sine cūrā fuit.The end of his life was a grief to us, a sadness to his friends, and not without concern even to strangers and to those who did not know him. Agr. 43.1Vulgus quoque et hic aliud agēns populus et ventitāvēre ad domum et per fora et circulōs locūtī sunt;The common people too, and this public that busies itself with other things, came often to his house and talked of him in the forums and in their circles; Agr. 43.1nec quisquam audītā morte Agricolae aut laetātus est aut statim oblītus.nor did anyone, on hearing of Agricola's death, either rejoice or forget it at once. Agr. 43.2Augēbat miserātiōnem cōnstāns rūmor venēnō interceptum: nōbīs nihil compertī, adfirmāre ausim.Pity was increased by a persistent rumour that he had been cut off by poison: we found no proof, and I would not dare to affirm it. Agr. 43.2Cēterum per omnem valētūdinem eius crēbrius quam ex mōre prīncipātūs per nūntiōs vīsentis et lībertōrum prīmī et medicōrum intimī vēnēre, sīve cūra illud sīve inquīsītiō erat.But throughout his illness the chief of the freedmen and the most trusted of the physicians came more often than is usual for an emperor who visits by messengers, whether that was concern or spying.

Agr. 43.3Suprēmō quidem diē mōmenta ipsa dēficientis per dispositōs cursōrēs nūntiāta cōnstābat, nūllō crēdente sīc adcelerārī quae trīstis audīret.On the last day, indeed, it was well established that the very moments of his decline were reported by runners posted along the way, though no one believed that news which he would hear with sorrow was being hurried in this way. Agr. 43.3Speciem tamen dolōris animī vultū prae sē tulit, sēcūrus iam odiī et quī facilius dissimulāret gaudium quam metum.Yet he displayed on his face an appearance of heartfelt grief, now secure in his hatred, and a man who could more easily hide joy than fear. Agr. 43.4Satis cōnstābat lēctō testāmentō Agricolae, quō cohērēdem optimae uxōrī et piissimae fīliae Domitiānum scrīpsit, laetātum eum velut honōre iūdiciōque.It was well established that when Agricola's will was read, in which he named Domitian co-heir with his excellent wife and most dutiful daughter, he was delighted as if by an honour and a mark of esteem. Agr. 43.4Tam caeca et corrupta mēns adsiduīs adūlātiōnibus erat, ut nescīret ā bonō patre nōn scrībī hērēdem nisi malum prīncipem.So blind and corrupted was his mind by constant flattery that he did not know that no one but a bad emperor is made heir by a good father.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (120 words)
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
vīta, -ae, f.life
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
nōsplur. of ego
lūctuōsus, -a, -ummournful, causing grief
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
extrāneus, -a, -umexternal; foreign, not of the family; (as noun) stranger
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
ignōtus, -a, -umunknown
que, enclitic conj.and
nōn, adv.not
sine, prep. with abl.without
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
quoque, adv.also
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
populus, -ī m.people, nation
ventitō, -āre, -āvīcome often, keep coming
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
forum, -ī n.market place, public square
circulus, -ī m.circle; a group of people gathered to talk
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
mors, mortīs, f.death
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
laetor, -ārī, -ātus sumrejoice, be glad
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
oblīvīscor, -līvīscī, -lītusforget
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
miserātiō, -ōnis f.pity, compassion
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
rūmor, -ōris m.rumour, report
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
intercipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptumintercept, catch
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
affirmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusassert, declare firmly
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
omnis, -eall, every
valētūdō, -inis f.health, state of health; ill health
crēbrō (adv.)often, again and again
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
prīncipātus, -ūs m.leadership, first place
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
vīsō, -ere, vīsī, vīsumgo to see, visit; look at
lībertus, -ī m.freedman (a former slave, in relation to his former master)
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
medicus, -ī m.doctor
intimus, -a, -uminnermost; most intimate; as noun: close friend
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
inquīsītiō, -ōnis f.search, investigation, inquiry
suprēmus, -a, -umhighest, last
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
mōmentum, -ī n.weight, importance; levī mōmentō: as a slight matter
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
dēficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusfail
dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumstation here and there, post
cursor, -ōris m.runner, courier
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
sīc, adv.so, thus
accelerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushurry, hasten
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
speciēs, -ēī, f.sight, appearance, shape
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
prae (prep. + abl.)in comparison with; because of
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
sēcūrus, -a, -umfree from care, untroubled; careless (of: gen.)
iam, adv.now, already
odium, -ī, n.hatred
facile, adv.easily
dissimulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushide, disguise, pretend not to notice
gaudium, -ī, n.gladness, joy
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
testāmentum, -ī n.will (testament)
cohērēs, -ēdis m./f.co-heir, joint heir
bonus, -a, -umgood
uxor, -ōris, f.wife
pius, -a, -umdutiful, devoted, pious
fīlia, -ae, f.daughter
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
veluteven or just as, as
honor, -ōris, m.honor
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
tam, adv.so
caecus, -a, -umblind
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
assiduus, -a, -umconstant, unremitting
adūlātiō, -ōnis f.flattery, fawning
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
pater, patris, m.father
hērēs (haerēs), -ēdis m.heir
nisi, conj.if not, unless
malus, -a, -umbad
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
Tacitus, Agricola. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.