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Tacitus · Agricola

Agricola 40

Agricola's quiet return to Rome

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Agr. 40.1Igitur triumphālia ōrnāmenta et inlūstris statuae honōrem et quidquid prō triumphō datur, multō verbōrum honōre cumulāta, dēcernī in senātū iubet addīque īnsuper opīniōnem, Suriam prōvinciam Agricolae dēstinārī, vacuam tum morte Atīliī Rūfī cōnsulāris et maiōribus reservātam.So he ordered that the triumphal insignia, the honour of a distinguished statue and whatever is given in place of a triumph should be decreed in the senate, heaped up with much honourable language, and that the impression should be spread besides that the province of Syria was intended for Agricola, which was then vacant through the death of the consular Atilius Rufus and reserved for men of greater standing. Agr. 40.2Crēdidēre plērīque lībertum ex sēcrētiōribus ministeriīs missum ad Agricolam cōdicillōs, quibus eī Suria dabātur, tulisse, cum praeceptō ut, sī in Britanniā foret, trāderentur;Many believed that a freedman from the emperor's more confidential service was sent to Agricola carrying the letter by which Syria was given to him, with instructions that it should be handed over if he were still in Britain; Agr. 40.2eumque lībertum in ipsō fretō Oceanī obvium Agricolae, nē appellātō quidem eō ad Domitiānum remeāsse, sīve vērum istud, sīve ex ingeniō prīncipis fictum ac compositum est.and that this freedman met Agricola in the very straits of the Ocean and returned to Domitian without even speaking to him, whether this is true, or was invented and made up to fit the emperor's character.

Agr. 40.3Trādiderat interim Agricola successōrī suō prōvinciam quiētam tūtamque.Meanwhile Agricola had handed over to his successor a province peaceful and secure. Agr. 40.3Ac nē notābilis celebritāte et frequentiā occurrentium introitus esset, vītātō amīcōrum officiō noctū in urbem, noctū in Palātium, ita ut praeceptum erat, vēnit;And so that his entry should not be conspicuous for the crowds and numbers of people meeting him, he avoided the attentions of his friends and came into the city by night, and by night to the Palace, as he had been instructed; Agr. 40.3exceptusque brevī ōsculō et nūllō sermōne turbae servientium inmixtus est.and, received with a brief kiss and no conversation, he was lost in the crowd of courtiers. Agr. 40.4Cēterum utī mīlitāre nōmen, grave inter ōtiōsōs, aliīs virtūtibus temperāret, tranquillitātem atque ōtium penitus hausit, cultū modicus, sermōne facilis, ūnō aut alterō amīcōrum comitātus, adeō utī plērīque, quibus magnōs virōs per ambitiōnem aestimāre mōs est, vīsō aspectōque Agricolā quaererent fāmam, paucī interpretārentur.But in order to temper his military reputation, which is offensive to men of leisure, with other virtues, he drank deep of quiet and retirement, modest in dress, easy in conversation, accompanied by one or two friends, so much so that most people, who are accustomed to judge great men by their display, after seeing and observing Agricola, asked where his fame lay, and few understood it.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×4, purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (121 words)
igitur, conj.therefore
triumphālis, -etriumphal; triumphālia ōrnāmenta: the insignia of a triumph
ōrnāmentum, -ī n.honour, distinction; ornament
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
illūstris, -edistinguished, noble
statua, -ae f.statue
honor, -ōris, m.honor
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
triumphus, -ī m.triumph, a victorious general's procession
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
verbum, -ī, n.word
cumulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusheap up; crown, cap (one deed with another)
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
senātus, -ūs m.senate
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
que, enclitic conj.and
īnsuper (adv.)above, on top; besides
opīniō, -ōnis, f.opinion, expectation; reputation
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
dēstinō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfasten, make fast
vacuus, -a, -umempty
tum, adv.then, at that time
mors, mortīs, f.death
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
reservō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumkeep back, save
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraquemost, very many
lībertus, -ī m.freedman (a former slave, in relation to his former master)
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
sēcrētus, -a, -umseparate; secret, private
ministerium, -ī n.service, office, duty
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
cōdicillī, -ōrum m. pl.writing tablets; a note, short letter
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
cum, prep, with abl.with
praeceptum, -ī n.instruction, order
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
sī, conj.if
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
fretum, -ī, n.strait
obvius, -a, -umin the way, meeting; sē obvium dare: come to meet
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
remeō, -āre, -āvīgo back, return
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
interim (adv.)meanwhile
successor, -ōris m.successor (in office)
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
notābilis, -enoteworthy, remarkable
celebritās, -ātis f.crowd; fame, renown
frequentia, -ae f.crowd, throng; full attendance
occurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun against, meet
introitus, -ūs, m.entrance
vītō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusavoid, escape
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
noctū, adv.at or by night
urbs, urbis, f.city
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
praecipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake beforehand, anticipate; order, charge
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
brevis, -eshort
ōsculum, -ī n.kiss
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
turba, -ae f.crowd
serviō, -ire, -īvī, -ītusbe subject to, serve
immisceō, -ēre, -miscuī, -mixtusmix in; (reflexive) vanish into, mingle with
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
ōtiōsus, -a, -umat leisure, quiet; as noun: a peaceful citizen
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
temperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum (ab + abl.)refrain (from)
tranquillitās, -tātis, f.calm
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
penitus (adv.)deep within, far inside
hauriō, haurīre, hausī, haustusdraw
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
modicus, -a, -ummoderate, small; modicum: a little
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
comitor, -ārī, -ātus sumaccompany, follow
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
vir, virī, m.man
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ambitiō, -ōnis f.canvassing for office; ambition, desire for honours
aestimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumvalue, reckon
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
interpretor, -ārī, -ātus sumexplain, interpret
Tacitus, Agricola. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.