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Tacitus · Agricola

Agricola 17

Cerialis and Frontinus extend conquest

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Agr. 17.1Sed ubi cum cēterō orbe Vespasiānus et Britanniam reciperāvit, magnī ducēs, ēgregiī exercitūs, minūta hostium spēs.But when Vespasian recovered Britain too along with the rest of the world, there were great generals and excellent armies, and the enemy's hopes were diminished. Agr. 17.2Et terrōrem statim intulit Petilius Ceriālis, Brigantum cīvitātem, quae numerōsissima prōvinciae tōtīus perhibētur, adgressus.And Petilius Cerialis at once struck terror by attacking the state of the Brigantes, which is said to be the most populous of the whole province. Agr. 17.2Multa proelia, et aliquandō nōn incruenta;There were many battles, some of them not without bloodshed; Agr. 17.2magnamque Brigantum partem aut victōriā amplexus est aut bellō.and he took in a large part of the Brigantes either by victory or by war. Agr. 17.3Et Ceriālis quidem alterīus successōris cūram fāmamque obruisset: sustinuitque mōlem Iūlius Frontīnus, vir magnus, quantum licēbat, validamque et pugnācem Silurum gentem armīs subēgit, super virtūtem hostium locōrum quoque difficultātēs ēluctātus.And Cerialis would indeed have overshadowed the diligence and the fame of any other successor: but Julius Frontinus, a great man, so far as greatness was then allowed, took up the burden and subdued by arms the strong and warlike tribe of the Silures, struggling against the difficulties of the terrain as well as the courage of the enemy.

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Latin vocabulary for this passage (58 words)
sed, conj.but
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
cum, prep, with abl.with
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
reciperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusget back, recover
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
minūtus, -a, -umsmall, tiny; petty
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
spēs, speī, f.hope
terror, -ōris, m.terror, fright
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
numerōsus, -a, -umnumerous, populous; rhythmical
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
perhibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold out, present; testimōnium perhibēre: bear witness
aggredior, -ī, aggressus sumattack
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
aliquandō, adv.at some time or other; finally, at length
nōn, adv.not
incruentus, -a, -umbloodless, without bloodshed
que, enclitic conj.and
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
victōria, -ae, f.victory
amplector, -plectī, -plexus sumembrace, hug; welcome, adopt
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
bellum, -ī, n.war
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
successor, -ōris m.successor (in office)
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
obruō, -ere, -ruī, -rutusoverwhelm, bury, crush
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
mōlēs, -is f.mass; dam, breakwater
vir, virī, m.man
quantum, adv.how much? how?
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
validus, -a, -umstrong
pugnāx, -ācisfond of fighting, warlike, combative; obstinate
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
subigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctusbring under, subdue; force, compel
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
quoque, adv.also
difficultas, -tātis, f.difficulty
ēluctor, -ārī, -ātus sumstruggle out, force one's way through; overcome
Tacitus, Agricola. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.