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Tacitus · Agricola

Agricola 14

The first governors of Britain

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Agr. 14.1Cōnsulārium prīmus Aulus Plautius praepositus ac subinde Ostōrius Scapula, uterque bellō ēgregius: redāctaque paulātim in fōrmam prōvinciae proxima pars Britanniae, addita īnsuper veterānōrum colōnia.The first of the consular governors to be placed in command was Aulus Plautius, and soon after him Ostorius Scapula, both outstanding in war: and the nearest part of Britain was gradually reduced to the form of a province, and a colony of veterans was added besides. Agr. 14.2Quaedam cīvitātēs Cogidumnō rēgī dōnātae (is ad nostram ūsque memoriam fīdissimus mānsit), vetere ac iam prīdem receptā populī Rōmānī cōnsuētūdine, ut habēret īnstrūmenta servitūtis et rēgēs.Certain states were given to King Cogidumnus (he remained most loyal right down to our own memory), in keeping with the old and long-accepted custom of the Roman people of having even kings as instruments of servitude. Agr. 14.3Mox Didius Gallus parta ā priōribus continuit, paucīs admodum castellīs in ulteriōra prōmōtīs, per quae fāma auctī officiī quaererētur.Then Didius Gallus held what his predecessors had won, pushing forward only a very few forts into more distant parts, through which he might seek the reputation of having enlarged his charge.

Agr. 14.3Didium Veranius excēpit, isque intrā annum extīnctus est.Veranius succeeded Didius, and he died within a year. Agr. 14.4Suētōnius hinc Paulīnus bienniō prosperās rēs habuit, subāctīs nātiōnibus firmātīsque praesidiīs;After him Suetonius Paulinus enjoyed success for two years, subduing tribes and strengthening garrisons; Agr. 14.4quōrum fīdūciā Monam īnsulam ut vīrēs rebellibus ministrantem adgressus terga occāsiōnī patefēcit.trusting in these, he attacked the island of Mona as supplying strength to the rebels, and so exposed his rear to the opportunity.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (81 words)
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
subinde (adv.)immediately after; repeatedly, from time to time
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
bellum, -ī, n.war
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
redigō, -ere, redēgī, redāctumbring back; reduce (to a condition)
que, enclitic conj.and
paulātim (adv.)little by little, gradually
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
īnsuper (adv.)above, on top; besides
veterānus, -a, -umveteran
colōnia, -ae f.settlement, colony
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
rēx, rēgis, m.king
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
noster, -tra, -trumour
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
memoria, -ae, f.memory
fīdus, -a, -umfaithful, loyal, trustworthy
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
vetus, veterisold, former
iam, adv.now, already
prīdem (adv.)long ago; iam prīdem: long since
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
cōnsuētūdō, -inis f.custom, habit; way of life
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
īnstrūmentum, -ī n.tool, equipment; pl. gear, baggage
servitūs, -tūtis, f.slavery, servitude
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
mox, adv.soon
pariō, -ere, peperī, partusbring forth; win, gain
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
admodum (adv.)very, quite
castellum, -ī n.fort, redoubt
ulterior, -ius, adj.farther
prōmoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtummove forward
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
intrā, prep. with acc.within
annus, -ī, m.year
ex(s)tinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, quench; destroy
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
biennium, -ī n.period of two years
prosperus, -a, -umfavourable, successful, prosperous
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
subigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctusbring under, subdue; force, compel
nātiō, -ōnis f.people, nation; birth
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
fīdūcia, -ae f.confidence, trust, reliance
īnsula, -ae, f.island
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
rebellis, -erebellious, renewing war
ministrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumserve, wait on (+ dat.)
aggredior, -ī, aggressus sumattack
tergum, -ī, n.back
occāsiō, -ōnis, f.chance, opportunity
patefaciō, -facere, -fēcī, -factusthrow, or lay open, open
Tacitus, Agricola. Latin text: H. Furneaux, Cornelii Taciti Opera Minora (Oxford, 1900), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.