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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 95

Sulla arrives; his character

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Iug. 95.1Cēterum, dum ea rēs geritur, L. Sulla quaestor cum magnō equitātū in castra vēnit, quōs utī ex Latiō et ā sociīs cōgeret, Rōmae relictus erat.Meanwhile, while this was going on, the quaestor Lucius Sulla came into the camp with a large body of cavalry, which he had been left behind at Rome to raise from Latium and the allies. Iug. 95.2Sed quoniam nōs tantī virī rēs admonuit, idōneum vīsum est dē nātūrā cultūque eius paucīs dīcere.But since the matter has reminded us of so great a man, it has seemed fitting to speak in a few words of his character and way of life. Iug. 95.2Neque enim aliō locō dē Sullae rēbus dictūrī sumus et L. Sisenna, optume et dīligentissumē omnium, quī eās rēs dīxēre, persecūtus, parum mihi līberō ōre locūtus vidētur.For we shall not speak of Sulla's affairs in any other place, and Lucius Sisenna, who treated them best and most carefully of all who have written of them, seems to me to have spoken with too little freedom. Iug. 95.3Igitur Sulla gentis patriciae nōbilis fuit, familiā prope iam extīnctā maiōrum ignāviā, litterīs Graecīs atque Latīnīs iūxtā ērudītus, animō ingentī, cupidus voluptātum sed glōriae cupidior;Sulla, then, was a noble of patrician family, of a house by then almost extinct through the indolence of his forebears, learned in Greek and Latin letters alike, of great spirit, eager for pleasures but more eager for glory; Iug. 95.3ōtiō luxuriōsō esse, tamen ab negōtiīs numquam voluptās remorāta, nisi quod dē uxōre potuit honestius cōnsulī;he lived in luxurious leisure, yet pleasure never kept him from business, except that he could have acted more honourably in regard to his wife; Iug. 95.3fācundus, callidus et amīcitiā facilis, ad simulanda negōtia altitūdō ingenī incrēdibilis, multārum rērum ac māxumē pecūniae largītor.he was eloquent, shrewd and ready in friendship, of incredible depth of mind in disguising his intentions, and lavish with many things, above all with money.

Iug. 95.4Atque illī fēlīcissumō omnium ante cīvīlem victōriam numquam super industriam fortūna fuit, multīque dubitāvēre, fortior an fēlīcior esset.And though he was the most fortunate of all men before his victory in the civil war, his fortune was never greater than his industry, and many have doubted whether he was braver or luckier. Iug. 95.4Nam posteā quae fēcerit, incertum habeō pudeat an pigeat magis disserere.For as to what he did afterwards, I am uncertain whether it would cause me more shame or more distaste to discuss it.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1, ablative absolute ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (113 words)
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
quaestor, -ōris m.quaestor, a Roman official in charge of an army's funds
cum, prep, with abl.with
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
equitātus, -ūs m.cavalry
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
sed, conj.but
quoniam, conj.since now, since
nōsplur. of ego
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
vir, virī, m.man
admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, warn, advise
idōneus, -a, -umsuitable, fit; favorable
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
que, enclitic conj.and
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
enim, conj.for
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
bonus, -a, -umgood
dīligenter, adv.carefully, diligently
omnis, -eall, every
persequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, pursue
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
līber, lībera, līberumfree
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
igitur, conj.therefore
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
patricius, -ī m.patrician, member of the old Roman nobility
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
iam, adv.now, already
exstinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, extinguish; destroy
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
ignāvia, -ae f.laziness; cowardice
litterae, -ārum f. pl.letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
iūxtā (adv. and prep. + acc.)nearby; next to
ērudiō, -rudīre, -rudīvī, -rudītusinstruct
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
cupidus, -a, -umdesirous, eager
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
glōria, -ae, f.glory
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
luxuriōsus, -a, -umextravagant, given to luxury; as noun, a spendthrift
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
negōtium, -ī, n.business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty
numquam, adv.never
remoror, -ārī, -ātus sumdelay, hold back
nisi, conj.if not, unless
quod, conj.that, in that, because
uxor, -ōris, f.wife
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
honestē, adv.honorably, decently
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
fācundus, -a, -umeloquent, fluent
callidus, -a, -umclever, crafty
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
simulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpretend
altitūdō, -inis f.height; depth
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
incrēdibilis, eincredible
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
largītor, -ōris m.a lavish giver; one who buys favour with gifts
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
victōria, -ae, f.victory
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
industria, -ae f.diligence, hard work
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
fortis, -ebrave
an, conj.or (in questions)
nam, conj.for
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
pudet, -ēre, puduit (impers.)it shames, one is ashamed
piget, -ēre, piguit (impers.)it irks, it displeases (the person in acc., the cause in gen.)
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
disserō, -ere, -sēvī, -situssow here and there, plant at intervals
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.