| sīc, adv. | so, thus |
| loquor, loquī, locūtus | speak |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| litterae, -ārum f. pl. | letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | give back, return, restore; render |
| dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missus | send different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose |
| sententia, -ae, f. | opinion; purpose |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| tuus, -a, -um | thy, thine, your |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| Numantīnus, -a, -um | of Numantia, the Spanish town destroyed by Scipio in 133 BC |
| longē, adv. | far |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| virtūs, -tūtis, f. | manliness, courage, bravery |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| tū, tuī, pers. pron. | thou, you |
| certō, adv. | with certainty, for certain, certainly |
| sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus | know |
| gaudium, -ī, n. | gladness, joy |
| nōs | plur. of ego |
| ob, prep. with acc. | on account of, for; in compounds, to, against |
| meritum, -ī n. | service, desert |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| cārus, -a, -um | dear, precious |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| senātus, -ūs m. | senate |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| populus, -ī m. | people, nation |
| Rōmānus, -a, -um | Roman |
| summus, -a, -um | uppermost, highest, greatest |
| ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -um | help; (pl.) resources, wealth, power |
| nītor, -ī, nīxus sum (+ abl.) | rely on |
| quidem, adv. | in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even |
| prō, prep. with abl. | before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for |
| noster, -tra, -trum | our |
| amīcitia, -ae f. | friendship, alliance |
| grātulor, -ārī, -ātus sum | congratulate |
| ēn (interj.) | look! see! there! |
| habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | have, hold; consider |
| vir, virī, m. | man |
| dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.) | worthy (of), deserving |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| avus, -ī, m. | grandfather |
| igitur, conj. | therefore |
| rēx, rēgis, m. | king |
| ubi, adv. | where; conj., when |
| fāma, -ae, f. | report, rumor |
| accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| imperātor, -ōris, m. | commander, general |
| ita, adv. | in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as |
| cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus | find out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| tum, adv. | then, at that time |
| grātia, -ae, f. | favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite |
| permoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtum | move deeply, influence |
| flectō, -ere, flexī, flexus | bend, turn |
| animus, -ī, m. | mind; heart; spirit, courage |
| beneficium, -ī, n. | well-doing, kindness, service, benefit |
| vincō, -ere, vīcī, victum | conquer, defeat |
| aggredior, -ī, aggressus sum | attack |
| statim, adv. | on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| adoptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | adopt; choose, take for oneself |
| testāmentum, -ī n. | will (testament) |
| pariter (adv.) | equally, alike; at the same time |
| fīlius, -ī, m. | son |
| hērēs (haerēs), -ēdis m. | heir |
| īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtus | decide upon, determine |
| sed, conj. | but |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | few |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| annus, -ī, m. | year |
| morbus, -ī m. | sickness, disease |
| aetās, -tātis, f. | age |
| cōnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | make or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, make; wear out |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| fīnis, -is, m. | end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country |
| vīta, -ae, f. | life |
| adsum, adesse, adfuī | be present, be at hand |
| intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctus | perceive, understand |
| cōram (adv.) | face to face, in person |
| amīcus, -ī, m. | friend |
| cognātus, -ī m. | kinsman, relative |
| item | likewise, also |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |
| modus, -ī, m. | way, manner |
| verbum, -ī, n. | word |