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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 8

Scipio's warning to Jugurtha

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Iug. 8.1Eā tempestāte in exercitū nostrō fuēre complūrēs novī atque nōbilēs, quibus dīvitiae bonō honestōque potiōrēs erant, factiōsī domī, potentēs apud sociōs, clārī magis quam honestī, quī Iugurthae nōn mediocrem animum pollicitandō accendēbant, sī Micipsa rēx occīdisset, fore utī sōlus imperī Numidiae potīrētur: in ipsō maxumam virtūtem, Rōmae omnia vēnālia esse.At that time there were in our army a number of new men and nobles, to whom riches were preferable to what was good and honourable, partisans at home, powerful among the allies, famous rather than honourable, who inflamed Jugurtha's by no means modest ambition by promising that, if King Micipsa should die, he would gain sole power over Numidia: there was the greatest merit in him, and at Rome everything was for sale. Iug. 8.2Sed postquam Numantiā dēlētā P. Scīpiō dīmittere auxilia et ipse revortī domum dēcrēvit, dōnātum atque laudātum magnificē prō contiōne Iugurtham in praetōrium abdūxit ibique sēcrētō monuit, ut potius pūblicē quam prīvātim amīcitiam populī Rōmānī coleret neu quibus largīrī īnsuēsceret: perīculōsē ā paucīs emī quod multōrum esset.But when, after Numantia had been destroyed, Publius Scipio decided to dismiss the auxiliaries and himself return home, he presented Jugurtha with gifts and praised him splendidly before the assembled troops, then led him away into his headquarters and there advised him in private to cultivate the friendship of the Roman people publicly rather than privately, and not to get into the habit of giving bribes to particular men: it was dangerous to buy from a few what belonged to many.

Iug. 8.2Sī permanēre vellet in suīs artibus, ultrō illī et glōriam et regnum ventūrum;If he would persist in his own good qualities, both glory and a kingdom would come to him of their own accord; Iug. 8.2sīn properantius pergeret, suamet ipsum pecūniā praecipitem cāsūrum.but if he went on too hastily, he would fall headlong, ruined by his own money.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (90 words)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
tempestās, -tātis, f.weather; storm, tempest
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
noster, -tra, -trumour
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
complūrēs, -plūra, plur. adj.several, many
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
dīvitiae, -ārum f. pl.riches, wealth
bonus, -a, -umgood
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
que, enclitic conj.and
potior, -ius (comp. adj.)better, preferable, more powerful
factiōsus, -a, -umpartisan, fond of intrigue, power-seeking
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
potēns, -entispowerful
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
nōn, adv.not
mediocris, -emoderate, ordinary
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
pollicitor, -ārīkeep promising
accendō, -cendere, -cendī, -cēnsuskindle, light
sī, conj.if
rēx, rēgis, m.king
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
sōlus, -a, -umalone
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
potior, -īrī, -ītusbecome master of, get possession of
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
omnis, -eall, every
vēnālis, -efor sale; venal, open to bribery
sed, conj.but
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
dēleō, -ēre, dēlēvī, dēlētumdestroy, wipe out
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertīturn back, return
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
magnificē, adv.splendidly
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
cōntiō, -ōnis f.assembly, meeting; speech to an assembly
praetōrium, -ī n.governor's residence, headquarters
abdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or take away
ibi, adv.in that place, there
sēcrētō (adv.)privately, in secret
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
potius (adv.)rather
pūblicē (adv.)officially, as a state
prīvātim (adv.)privately, as individuals
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
nēve or neu, conj.and that not, and not, nor
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
largior, -īrī, -ītus sumgive generously, bribe
īnsuēscō, -ere, -suēvī, -suētumbecome accustomed (to: inf.)
perīculōsē, adv. (comp. perīculōsius)dangerously, at risk
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
emō, -ere, ēmī, ēmptumbuy
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
permaneō, -manēre, -mānsi, -mānsusremain
volō, velle, voluīwish
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
ars, artis, f.art
ultrō (adv.)of one's own accord; besides (ultrō citrōque: back and forth)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
glōria, -ae, f.glory
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
sīn (conj.)but if
properanter (adv.)hastily, quickly
pergō, -ere, perrēxī, perrēctumgo on, press on
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
praeceps, -cipitisheadlong
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.