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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 70

Bomilcar plots with Nabdalsa

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Iug. 70.1Per idem tempus Bomilcar, quoius impulsū Iugurtha dēditiōnem, quam metū dēseruit, incēperat, suspectus rēgī et ipse eum suspicāns novās rēs cupere, ad perniciem eius dolum quaerere, diē noctūque fatīgāre animum.About the same time Bomilcar, at whose urging Jugurtha had begun the surrender that he abandoned out of fear, being suspected by the king and himself suspecting him, desired a revolution, looked for a stratagem to destroy him, and wore out his mind day and night. Iug. 70.2Dēnique omnia temptandō socium sibi adiungit Nabdalsam.At last, by trying everything, he won over Nabdalsa as his accomplice. Iug. 70.2Hominem nōbilem, magnīs opibus, clārum acceptumque populāribus suīs, quī plērumque seorsum ab rēge exercitum ductāre et omnīs rēs exequī solitus erat, quae Iugurthae fessō aut maiōribus adstrictō superāverant;This was a man of noble birth and great wealth, famous and popular among his countrymen, who usually led an army apart from the king and was accustomed to carry out all the tasks left over when Jugurtha was weary or occupied with greater matters; Iug. 70.2ex quō illī glōria opēsque inventae.from this he had gained glory and wealth.

Iug. 70.3Igitur utrīusque cōnsiliō diēs īnsidiīs statuitur;So by their joint counsel a day was fixed for the plot; Iug. 70.3cētera, utī rēs posceret, ex tempore parārī placuit.the rest, they agreed, should be arranged on the spot as the situation required. Iug. 70.4Nabdalsa ad exercitum profectus, quem inter hīberna Rōmānōrum iussus habēbat, nē ager inultīs hostibus vāstārētur.Nabdalsa set out to the army which he held on orders between the Romans' winter quarters, so that the land should not be ravaged by the enemy unpunished. Iug. 70.5Is postquam magnitūdine facinoris perculsus ad tempus nōn vēnit metusque rem impediēbat, Bomilcar, simul cupidus incepta patrandī et timōre socī ānxius, nē omissō vetere cōnsiliō novom quaereret, litterās ad eum per hominēs fidēlīs mittit, in quīs mollitiam sōcordiamque virī accūsāre, testārī deōs, per quōs iūrāvisset, monēre, nē praemia Metellī in pestem convorteret: Iugurthae exitium adesse, cēterum suāne an Metellī virtūte perīret, id modo agitārī;When he, unnerved by the enormity of the crime, did not come at the appointed time and his fear was holding the business back, Bomilcar, at once eager to complete what they had begun and anxious from fear of his accomplice, lest he give up the old plan and look for a new one, sent him a letter by trusty men, in which he reproached the man's weakness and cowardice, called to witness the gods by whom he had sworn, and warned him not to turn the rewards offered by Metellus into his own ruin: Jugurtha's end was at hand, but whether he perished by their courage or by Metellus' was the only question; Iug. 70.5proinde reputāret cum animō suō, praemia an cruciātum māllet.therefore he should consider in his own mind whether he preferred rewards or torture.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×6, gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (121 words)
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
impulsus, -ūs m.push; urging, instigation
dēditiō, -ōnis f.surrender
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
suspectus, -a, -umsuspected, mistrusted
rēx, rēgis, m.king
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
suspicor, -spicārī, -spicātussuspect
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
perniciēs, -ēī f.ruin, destruction
dolus, -ī, m.trick, craft
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
noctū, adv.at or by night
que, enclitic conj.and
fatīgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustire, wear out
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
omnis, -eall, every
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
adiungo, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin to, join
homō, hominis, m.man
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
populāris, -eof the people; popular; courting the people (a 'popular' politician)
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
plērumque (adv.)generally, mostly
seorsum (adv.)apart, separately, on one's own
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
ductō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumlead (frequently); command
exsequor, -ī, -secūtus sumcarry out, enforce
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
fessus, -a, -umexhausted, worn out, weary
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
astringō (adstringō), -ere, -strīnxī, -strictusbind fast, tie up; (of a sword) hold tight
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
glōria, -ae, f.glory
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
igitur, conj.therefore
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtuscause to stand; decide, resolve
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
hīberna, -ōrum n. pl.winter quarters
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
ager, agri, m.field, land
inultus, -a, -umunavenged; unpunished
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
vāstō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslay waste
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
percellō, -ere, -culī, -culsusstrike down; dismay, crush
nōn, adv.not
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
impediō, -pedīre, -pedīvī, -pedītushinder, prevent, impede
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
cupidus, -a, -umdesirous, eager
inceptum, -ī n.beginning, attempt, undertaking
patrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbring about, accomplish, complete
timor, -ōris, m.fear
ānxius, -a, -umanxious
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
vetus, veterisold, former
litterae, -ārum f. pl.letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch
fidēlis, -efaithful, loyal
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
mollitia, -ae f.softness; weakness, lack of spirit
sōcordia, -ae f.sluggishness, negligence
vir, virī, m.man
accūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumblame, accuse
testor, -ārī, -ātus sumbear witness, declare, call to witness
deus, -ī, m.god
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
praemium, -ī, n.reward
pestis, -is f.plague, pest; ruin, destruction
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
an, conj.or (in questions)
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
pereō, -īre, -ii, -itūruspass away, perish
modo, adv.only
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
proinde (adv.)therefore, accordingly; so then
reputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount, reckon among; think over
cum, prep, with abl.with
cruciātus, -ūs, m.torture
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.