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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 61

Winter quarters and a plot with Bomilcar

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Iug. 61.1Metellus postquam videt frūstrā inceptum neque oppidum capī neque Iugurtham nisi ex īnsidiīs aut suō locō pugnam facere et iam aestātem exāctam esse, ab Zamā discēdit et in iīs urbibus, quae ad sē dēfēcerant satisque mūnītae locō aut moenibus erant, praesidia inpōnit.When Metellus saw that his undertaking was in vain, that the town was not being taken and that Jugurtha would not fight except from ambush or on his own ground, and that the summer was now over, he withdrew from Zama and placed garrisons in those cities which had gone over to him and were sufficiently fortified by position or walls. Iug. 61.2Cēterum exercitum in prōvinciam, quae proxuma est Numidiae, hiemandī grātiā conlocat.As for the army, he stationed it in the province which is nearest to Numidia, for the sake of wintering. Iug. 61.3Neque id tempus ex aliōrum mōre quiētī aut luxuriae concēdit, sed, quoniam armīs bellum parum prōcēdēbat, īnsidiās rēgī per amīcōs tendere et eōrum perfidiā prō armīs ūtī parat.Nor did he give up that time to rest or luxury after the manner of others, but, since the war was making little progress by arms, he prepared to lay a trap for the king through his friends and to use their treachery in place of arms.

Iug. 61.4Igitur Bomilcarem, quī Rōmae cum Iugurthā fuerat et inde vadibus datīs clam dē Massivae nece iūdicium fūgerat, quod eī per maxumam amīcitiam maxuma cōpia fallundī erat, multīs pollicitātiōnibus aggreditur.So he approached with many promises Bomilcar, who had been at Rome with Jugurtha and from there, after giving sureties, had secretly fled trial for the murder of Massiva, because through his very close friendship he had the greatest opportunity of deceiving him. Iug. 61.4Ac prīmō efficit, utī ad sē conloquundī grātiā occultus veniat;And first he arranged for him to come to him secretly for a conference; Iug. 61.4deinde fidē datā, sī Iugurtham vīvom aut necātum sibi trādidisset, fore ut illī senātus inpūnitātem et sua omnia concēderet, facile Numidae persuādet, quom ingeniō īnfīdō tum metuentī, nē, sī pāx cum Rōmānīs fieret, ipse per condiciōnēs ad supplicium trāderētur.then, giving his word that, if he handed Jugurtha over to him alive or dead, the senate would grant him immunity and all his possessions, he easily persuaded the Numidian, who was both faithless by nature and afraid that, if peace were made with the Romans, he himself would be handed over for punishment under its terms.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (111 words)
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
frūstrā, adv.in vain
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
oppidum, -ī, n.town
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
nisi, conj.if not, unless
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
iam, adv.now, already
aestās, -tātis, f.summer
exigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumdrive out; finish, spend (a season)
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
urbs, urbis, f.city
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
dēficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusfail
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
que, enclitic conj.and
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
hiemō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumspend the winter
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
collocō (conlocō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumplace, station; give in marriage
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
quiēs, quiētis, f.rest, repose
luxuria, -ae f.luxury
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
sed, conj.but
quoniam, conj.since now, since
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
bellum, -ī, n.war
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
rēx, rēgis, m.king
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
perfidia, -ae f.treachery, bad faith
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
igitur, conj.therefore
cum, prep, with abl.with
inde (adv.)from there; then
vas, vadis m.surety, bail (person)
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
clam (adv.)secretly
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
nex, necis f.death, killing
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
quod, conj.that, in that, because
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
pollicitātiō, -ōnis f.promise
aggredior, -ī, aggressus sumattack
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
prīmō, adv.at first
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
colloquor (conloquor), -ī, -locūtus sumtalk with, confer
occultus, -a, -umhidden, secret
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
deinde, adv.then, next
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
sī, conj.if
vīvus, -a, -umalive, living
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
senātus, -ūs m.senate
impūnitās, -ātis f.freedom from punishment
omnis, -eall, every
facile, adv.easily
persuādeō, -suādēre, -suāsi, -suāsuspersuade, prevail upon, induce
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
īnfīdus, -a, -umunfaithful, treacherous
tum, adv.then, at that time
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
pāx, pācis f.peace
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.