LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Sallust › The Jugurthine War (Bellum Iugurthinum) › Bellum Iugurthinum 60

Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 60

Marius tries to scale the walls

English onlyRead it word by word

Iug. 60.1Eōdem tempore apud Zamam magnā vī certābātur.At the same time there was fierce fighting at Zama. Iug. 60.1Ubi quisque lēgātus aut tribūnus cūrābat, eō ācerrumē nītī, neque alius in aliō magis quam in sēsē spem habēre;Wherever each lieutenant or tribune was in command, there they strove most fiercely, and no one placed his hope in another more than in himself; Iug. 60.1pariterque oppidānī agere: oppugnāre aut parāre omnibus locīs, avidius alterī alterōs sauciāre quam sēmet tegere, clamor permixtus hortātiōne laetitiā gemitū, item strepitus armōrum ad caelum ferrī, tēla utrimque volāre.and the townspeople acted with equal vigour: they fought back or made ready everywhere, more eager to wound each other than to protect themselves; shouting mixed with exhortation, rejoicing and groaning, and likewise the clash of arms rose to the sky, and missiles flew on both sides. Iug. 60.3Sed illī, quī moenia dēfēnsābant, ubi hostēs paulum modo pugnam remīserant, intentī proelium equestre prōspectābant.But those who were defending the walls, whenever the enemy had relaxed the attack even a little, intently watched the cavalry battle. Iug. 60.4Eōs, utī quaeque Iugurthae rēs erant, laetōs modo, modo pavidōs animadvorterēs;You could have seen them now joyful, now fearful, according to how Jugurtha's fortunes went; Iug. 60.4ac, sīcutī audīrī ā suīs aut cernī possent, monēre aliī, aliī hortārī, aut manū significāre aut nītī corporibus, et ea hūc et illūc quasi vītābundī aut iacientēs tēla agitāre.and, as if they could be heard or seen by their own side, some gave warnings, others encouragement, or signalled with their hands or strained with their bodies, and moved them this way and that as if dodging or hurling missiles.

Iug. 60.5Quod ubi Mariō cognitum est — nam is in eā parte cūrābat —, cōnsultō lēnius agere ac diffīdentiam reī simulāre, patī Numidās sine tumultū rēgis proelium vīsere.When Marius learned of this — for he was in command in that sector —, he deliberately acted less vigorously and pretended to have no confidence in the undertaking, allowing the Numidians to watch the king's battle undisturbed. Iug. 60.6Ita illīs studiō suōrum adstrictīs repente magnā vī aggreditur.So, while they were absorbed in the struggle of their own side, he suddenly attacked with great force. Iug. 60.6Et iam scālīs ēgressī mīlitēs prope summa cēperant, quom oppidānī concurrunt;And the soldiers, climbing the ladders, had almost reached the top when the townspeople ran together; Iug. 60.6lapidēs, ignem, alia praetereā tēla ingerunt.they hurled stones, fire and other missiles besides. Iug. 60.7Nostrī prīmō resistere;Our men at first held out; Iug. 60.7deinde ubi ūnae atque alterae scālae conminūtae, quī supersteterant adflīctī sunt, cēterī, quōquō modō potuēre, paucī integrī, magna pars volneribus cōnfectī abeunt.then, when one ladder after another was shattered, those who had been standing on them were dashed down, and the rest withdrew as best they could, a few unhurt, most of them disabled by wounds.

Iug. 60.8Dēnique utrimque proelium nox dirēmit.At last night broke off the battle on both sides.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×4, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (138 words)
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
certō, adv.with certainty, for certain, certainly
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
cūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtake care of; (+ gerundive) have something done
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
ācriter, adv.sharply, fiercely
nītor, -ī, nīxus sum (+ abl.)rely on
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
spēs, speī, f.hope
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
pariter (adv.)equally, alike; at the same time
que, enclitic conj.and
oppidānus, -ī m.townsman (pl. the people of the town)
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
oppugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumattack, besiege
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
omnis, -eall, every
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
avidē (adv.)eagerly, greedily
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
sauciō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswound
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
permisceō, -miscēre, -miscuī, -mixtusmix together, mingle
hortātiō, -ōnis f.encouragement, exhortation
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
gemitus, -ūs m.groan, sigh
itemlikewise, also
strepitus, -ūs m.noise, din
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
utrimque, adv.on either side or both sides
volō, -āre, -āvī, -ātūrusfly
sed, conj.but
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
dēfēnsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdefend vigorously, keep defending
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
paulum, adv.a little, somewhat
modo, adv.only
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
equester, -tris, -treof cavalry
prōspectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook out at, gaze at
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
pavidus, -a, -umfrightened
animadvertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn the mind to, observe
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
sīcutī (adv.)just as, as
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētusdiscern, perceive, make out
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
hortor, -ārī, -ātusexhort, encourage, urge
manus, -ūs, f.hand
significō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumshow, indicate, signal
corpus, corporis, n.body
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
illūc (adv.)to that place, there
quasi, conj.as if
vītābundus, -a, -umtrying to avoid, dodging
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
nam, conj.for
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
cōnsultō (adv.)on purpose, deliberately
lēniter (adv.)gently
diffīdentia, -ae f.distrust, lack of confidence, mistrust
simulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpretend
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
sine, prep. with abl.without
tumultus, -ūs m.uproar, uprising
rēx, rēgis, m.king
vīsō, -ere, vīsī, vīsumgo to see, visit; look at
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
astringō (adstringō), -ere, -strīnxī, -strictusbind fast, tie up; (of a sword) hold tight
repente (adv.)suddenly
aggredior, -ī, aggressus sumattack
iam, adv.now, already
scāla, -ae f. (usually pl. scālae)ladder, scaling ladder
ēgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo out or forth, go ashore, disembark
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
concurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun, rush, or dash together
lapis, -idis, m.stone
ignis, -is, m.fire
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
ingerō, -gerere, -gessī, -gestusheap on, pour in; stuff in
noster, -tra, -trumour
prīmō, adv.at first
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
deinde, adv.then, next
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
comminuō, -ere, -minuī, -minūtusbreak in pieces, smash
superstō, -āre, -stetīstand over, stand upon
adflīgō, -flīgere, -flīxi, -flīctusdash to, shatter
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
cōnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, make; wear out
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
nox, noctis, f.night
dirimō, -ere, dirēmī, dirēmptumbreak off, interrupt
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.