LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Sallust › The Jugurthine War (Bellum Iugurthinum) › Bellum Iugurthinum 52

Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 52

Victory on the hill; Bomilcar moves

English onlyRead it word by word

Iug. 52.1Eō modō inter sē duo imperātōrēs, summī virī, certābant, ipsī parēs, cēterum opibus disparibus.In this way the two commanders, both men of the highest ability, contended with one another, themselves equal, but with unequal resources. Iug. 52.2Nam Metellō virtūs mīlitum erat, locus advorsus;For Metellus had the valour of his soldiers, but the ground against him; Iug. 52.2iugurthae alia omnia praeter mīlitēs opportūna.Jugurtha had everything else in his favour except his soldiers. Iug. 52.3Dēnique Rōmānī, ubi intellegunt neque sibi perfugium esse neque ab hoste cōpiam pugnandī fierī — et iam diē vesper erat —, advorsō colle, sīcutī praeceptum fuerat, ēvādunt.At last the Romans, realising that they had no refuge and that the enemy gave them no opportunity of fighting — and it was already evening —, made their way up the hill in front of them, as they had been ordered. Iug. 52.4Āmissō locō Numidae fūsī fugātīque;Having lost their position, the Numidians were routed and put to flight; Iug. 52.4paucī interiēre, plērōsque vēlōcitās et regiō hostibus ignāra tūtāta sunt.few were killed; most were saved by their speed and by a country unknown to their enemies.

Iug. 52.5Intereā Bomilcar, quem elephantīs et partī cōpiārum pedestrium praefectum ab Iugurthā suprā dīximus, ubi eum Rutilius praetergressus est, paulātim suōs in aequom locum dēdūcit ac, dum lēgātus ad flūmen, quō praemissus erat, festīnāns pergit, quiētus, utī rēs postulābat, aciem exōrnat neque remittit, quid ubīque hostis ageret, explōrāre.Meanwhile Bomilcar, who we said above had been put in command of the elephants and part of the infantry forces by Jugurtha, when Rutilius had passed him, gradually led his men down to level ground, and while the lieutenant was hurrying on to the river, to which he had been sent ahead, he quietly drew up his line, as the situation required, and did not cease to find out what the enemy was doing everywhere. Iug. 52.6Postquam Rutilium cōnsēdisse iam et animō vacuom accēpit, simulque ex Iugurthae proeliō clamōrem augērī, veritus, nē lēgātus cognitā rē labōrantibus suīs auxiliō foret, aciem, quam diffīdēns virtūtī mīlitum arte statuerat, quō hostium itinerī officeret, lātius porrigit eōque modō ad Rutilī castra prōcēdit.After he learned that Rutilius had now encamped and was free from anxiety, and at the same time that the shouting from Jugurtha's battle was growing louder, fearing that the lieutenant, on learning of this, might go to the help of his hard-pressed comrades, he extended his line more widely, which, distrusting the courage of his soldiers, he had drawn up in close order, in order to block the enemy's route, and in that formation advanced on Rutilius' camp.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, indirect statement ×5, ablative absolute ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (112 words)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
vir, virī, m.man
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
pār, parisequal
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
dispār, -parisunequal, unlike
nam, conj.for
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
omnis, -eall, every
praeter, prep. with acc.before, past, by; besides, except
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
perfugium, -ī n.refuge, shelter
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
iam, adv.now, already
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
vesper, vesperī, m.evening
collis, -is m.hill
sīcutī (adv.)just as, as
praecipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake beforehand, anticipate; order, charge
ēvādō, -vādere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo forth, get away, escape
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
fundō, -ere, fūdī, fūsumpour; rout, scatter (an enemy)
fugō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to flight, rout
que, enclitic conj.and
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
intereō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusperish, die
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraquemost, very many
vēlōcitās, -ātis f.speed, swiftness
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
elephantus, -ī m.elephant
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
pedester, -tris, -treon foot, infantry (pedestrēs cōpiae: infantry)
praeficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectumput in charge of
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
praetergredior, -ī, -gressus sumpass by, go past, travel through
paulātim (adv.)little by little, gradually
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
aequus, -a, -umlevel; equal; fair
dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
flūmen, -minis, n.river
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
praemittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend ahead
festīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhurry, make haste
pergō, -ere, perrēxī, perrēctumgo on, press on
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
postulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask, request, demand
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
exōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusequip, furnish; adorn
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
ubīque (adv.)everywhere
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
explōrō, -plōrāre, -plōrāvī, -plōrātussearch out, explore
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
vacuus, -a, -umempty
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
diffīdō, -ere, -fīsus sumdistrust, lose confidence in (+ dat.)
ars, artis, f.art
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtuscause to stand; decide, resolve
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
officiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectusget in the way of, hinder, obstruct (+ dat.)
lātēwidely
porrigō, -ere, -rēxī, -rēctusstretch out, hold out, hand
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.