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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 33

Jugurtha before the assembly

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Iug. 33.1Igitur Iugurtha contrā decus rēgium cultū quam māxumē miserābilī cum Cassiō Rōmam vēnit.So Jugurtha, contrary to royal dignity, came to Rome with Cassius in the most pitiable dress possible. Iug. 33.2Ac tametsī in ipsō magna vīs animī erat, cōnfirmātus ab omnibus, quōrum potentiā aut scelere cūncta ea gesserat, quae suprā dīximus, C. Baebium tribūnum plēbis magnā mercēde parat, quoius inpudentiā contrā iūs et iniūriās omnīs mūnītus foret.And although there was great strength of spirit in the man himself, encouraged by all those through whose power or criminality he had done all the things we have described above, he secured Gaius Baebius, a tribune of the plebs, at a great price, so that by his shamelessness he might be protected against the law and against all harm. Iug. 33.3At C. Memmius advocātā contiōne, quamquam rēgī īnfesta plēbēs erat et pars in vincula dūcī iubēbat, pars, nisi sociōs sceleris suī aperīret, mōre maiōrum dē hoste supplicium sūmī, dignitātī quam īrae magis cōnsulēns sēdāre mōtūs et animōs eōrum mollīre, postrēmō cōnfirmāre fidem pūblicam per sēsē inviolātam fore.But Gaius Memmius called a public meeting, and although the plebs was hostile to the king and some were demanding that he be led off in chains, others that, unless he revealed the partners in his crime, he should be punished as an enemy in the manner of their ancestors, he, considering dignity rather than anger, calmed their agitation and soothed their minds, and finally assured them that the public pledge would, as far as he was concerned, be inviolate.

Iug. 33.4Post ubi silentium coepit, prōductō Iugurthā verba facit, Rōmae Numidiaeque facinora eius memorat, scelera in patrem frātrēsque ostendit.Then, when silence fell, he brought Jugurtha forward and spoke, recounting his deeds at Rome and in Numidia and setting out his crimes against his father and brothers. Iug. 33.4Quibus iuvantibus quibusque ministrīs ea ēgerit, quamquam intellegat populus Rōmānus, tamen velle manufesta magis ex illō habēre.With whose help and through whose agency he had done these things, although the Roman people understood, still they wished to have it more clearly from him. Iug. 33.4Sī vērum aperiat, in fidē et clēmentiā populī Rōmānī magnam spem illī sitam;If he revealed the truth, great hope lay for him in the good faith and clemency of the Roman people; Iug. 33.4sīn reticeat, nōn sociīs salūtī fore, sed sē suāsque spēs corruptūrum.but if he kept silent, he would not save his accomplices, but would ruin himself and his hopes.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, indirect statement ×6

Latin vocabulary for this passage (110 words)
igitur, conj.therefore
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
rēgius, -a, -umroyal, kingly
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
miserābilis, -epitiable, wretched
cum, prep, with abl.with
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
tametsī (conj.)although
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
cōnfirmō, -firmāre, -firmāvī, -firmātusstrengthen, establish; declare, assert
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
omnis, -eall, every
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
potentia, -ae f.power, influence
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
mercēs, mercēdis, f.pay, reward, wages
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
impudentia, -ae f.shamelessness, effrontery
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
at, conj.but
advocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon (contiōnem advocāre: call an assembly)
cōntiō, -ōnis f.assembly, meeting; speech to an assembly
quamquam, conj.however much, although
rēx, rēgis, m.king
īnfestus, -a, -umunsafe, dangerous
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
vinculum, -ī, n.bond, chain
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
nisi, conj.if not, unless
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
aperiō, -īre, -uī, -tusopen
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
sēdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussettle, calm, put down
mōtus, -ūs m.motion, movement; uprising
molliō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussoften; make (a slope) easier
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
inviolātus, -a, -umunharmed; sacred, inviolable
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
silentium, -ī n.silence; silentiō: in silence, quietly
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
prōdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductumlead out, bring out
verbum, -ī, n.word
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
que, enclitic conj.and
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusremind of, mention
pater, patris, m.father
frāter, frātris, m.brother
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
minister, -trī m.servant, attendant, helper
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
volō, velle, voluīwish
manifestus, -a, -umplain, clear; caught in the act
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
sī, conj.if
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
clēmentia, -ae, f.mercy, kindness
spēs, speī, f.hope
situs, -a, -umplaced, situated
sīn (conj.)but if
reticeō, -ēre, -uīkeep silent, say nothing
nōn, adv.not
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
sed, conj.but
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.