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Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 105

Sulla's march to Bocchus

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Iug. 105.1Quīs rēbus cognitīs Bocchus per litterās ā Mariō petīvit, utī Sullam ad sē mitteret, quoius arbitrātū commūnibus negōtiīs cōnsulerētur, is missus cum praesidiō equitum atque funditōrum Baleārum.When he learned of this, Bocchus asked Marius by letter to send Sulla to him, so that their common affairs might be settled by his judgement; he was sent with a guard of cavalry and Balearic slingers. Iug. 105.2Praetereā iēre sagittāriī et cohors Paeligna cum vēlitāribus armīs, itineris properandī causā, neque hīs secus atque aliīs armīs advorsum tēla hostium, quod ea levia sunt, mūnītī.Besides, there went archers and a Paelignian cohort with the arms of light skirmishers, for the sake of speed on the march, and with these they were no less protected than with other arms against the enemy's missiles, since those are light. Iug. 105.3Sed in itinere quīntō dēnique diē Volux, fīlius Bocchī, repente in campīs patentibus cum mīlle nōn amplius equitibus sēsē ostendit, quī temerē et effūsē euntēs Sullae aliīsque omnibus et numerum ampliōrem vērō et hostīlem metum efficiēbant.But on the march, on the fifth day at last, Volux, the son of Bocchus, suddenly appears on the open plains with not more than a thousand horsemen, who, riding at random and in loose order, gave Sulla and all the others the impression of a greater number than the truth and the fear of an enemy.

Iug. 105.4Igitur sē quisque expedīre, arma atque tēla temptāre, intendere;So each man got himself ready, tried and bent his arms and weapons; Iug. 105.4timor aliquantus, sed spēs amplior, quippe victōribus et advorsum eōs, quōs saepe vīcerant.there was considerable fear, but greater hope, since they were victors and facing those whom they had often defeated. Iug. 105.5Interim equitēs explōrātum praemissī rem, utī erat, quiētam nūntiant.Meanwhile horsemen sent ahead to reconnoitre report that the situation, as indeed it was, was peaceful.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (83 words)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
litterae, -ārum f. pl.letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
utī (conj.)older form of ut: that, so that; as
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
arbitrātus, -ūs m.judgement, choice, discretion; arbitratū meō: as I see fit
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
negōtium, -ī, n.business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
cum, prep, with abl.with
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
funditor, -ōris m.slinger
Baleārēs, -iumof the Balearic Islands (famous for slingers)
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
sagittārius, -ī m.archer
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
vēlitāris, -eof the light-armed troops
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushasten
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
secus (prep. + acc.)beside, along
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus)against, opposite
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
quod, conj.that, in that, because
levis, -elight, slight
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
sed, conj.but
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
fīlius, -ī, m.son
repente (adv.)suddenly
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
nōn, adv.not
amplius (adv.)more, further
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
temerē, adv.rashly
effūsē (adv.)far and wide, without restraint
que, enclitic conj.and
omnis, -eall, every
numerus, -ī, m.number
amplus, -a, -umlarge, great; distinguished
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
igitur, conj.therefore
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
expediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfree, set clear; get ready; arrange, settle
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
timor, -ōris, m.fear
aliquantus, -a, -umsome, a fair amount (aliquantum itineris: some way)
spēs, speī, f.hope
quippe (adv.)of course, indeed, for
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
saepe, adv.often, frequently
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
interim (adv.)meanwhile
explōrō, -plōrāre, -plōrāvī, -plōrātussearch out, explore
praemittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend ahead
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.