LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Sallust › The Jugurthine War (Bellum Iugurthinum) › Bellum Iugurthinum 102

Sallust · Bellum Iugurthinum

Bellum Iugurthinum 102

Sulla and Manlius meet Bocchus

English onlyRead it word by word

Iug. 102.1Post ea locī cōnsul haud dubiē iam victor pervēnit in oppidum Cirtam,quō initiō profectus intenderat.After this the consul, now beyond doubt the victor, arrived at the town of Cirta, which had been his objective when he first set out. Iug. 102.2Eō post diem quīntum, quam iterum barbarī male pugnāverant, lēgātī ā Bocchō veniunt, quī rēgis verbīs ab Mariō petīvēre, duōs quam fīdissumōs ad eum mitteret, velle dē suō et dē populī Rōmānī commodō cum iīs disserere.There, on the fifth day after the barbarians had fought unsuccessfully for the second time, envoys come from Bocchus, who in the king's words asked Marius to send to him two men he trusted most, saying that he wished to discuss with them his own interest and that of the Roman people. Iug. 102.2Ille statim L. Sullam et A. Mānlium īre iubet.Marius at once orders Lucius Sulla and Aulus Manlius to go. Iug. 102.3Quī quamquam accītī ībant, tamen placuit verba apud rēgem facere, ut ingenium aut āvorsum flecterent aut cupidum pācis vehementius accenderent.Although they were going at the king's invitation, they nevertheless decided to make a speech before him, in order either to sway his disposition if it was hostile or to kindle it more strongly if it was eager for peace.

Iug. 102.4Itaque Sulla, quoius fācundiae, nōn aetātī ā Mānliō concessum, pauca verba huiusce modī locūtus: "Rēx Bocche, magna laetitia nōbīs est, quom tē tālem virum dī monuēre, utī aliquandō pācem quam bellum mālles neu tē optumum cum pessumō omnium Iugurthā miscendō conmaculārēs, simul nōbīs dēmerēs acerbam necessitūdinem, pariter tē errantem atque illum scelerātissumum persequī.So Sulla, to whose eloquence, not to his age, Manlius deferred, spoke a few words to this effect: 'King Bocchus, it is a great joy to us that the gods have advised a man such as you at last to prefer peace to war, and not to stain yourself, a most excellent man, by associating with Jugurtha, the worst of all, and at the same time to relieve us of the bitter necessity of pursuing you in your error alike with that utter villain. Iug. 102.6Ad hoc populō Rōmānō iam ā prīncipiō inopī melius vīsum amīcōs quam servōs quaerere, tūtiusque ratī volentibus quam coāctīs imperitāre.Besides, to the Roman people, even from the beginning when it was poor, it seemed better to seek friends than slaves, and they thought it safer to rule over the willing than over the coerced.

Iug. 102.7Tibi vērō nūlla opportūnior nostrā amīcitiā, prīmum quia procul absumus, in quō offēnsae minumum, grātia pār ac sī prope adessēmus;But to you no friendship is more advantageous than ours, first because we are far away, so that there is least occasion for offence, while our goodwill is the same as if we were close at hand; Iug. 102.7dein quia parentīs abundē habēmus, amīcōrum neque nōbīs neque quoiquam omnium satis fuit.next because, while we have subjects in abundance, of friends neither we nor anyone else has ever had enough. Iug. 102.8Atque hoc utinam ā prīncipiō tibi placuisset: profectō ex populō Rōmānō ad hoc tempus multō plūra bona accēpissēs, quam mala perpessus essēs.And would that this had pleased you from the beginning: you would certainly by this time have received far more good things from the Roman people than the evils you have suffered. Iug. 102.9Sed quoniam hūmānārum rērum fortūna plēraque regit, quoi scīlicet placuit et vim et grātiam nostram tē experīrī, nunc, quandō per illam licet, festīnā atque, utī coepistī, perge.But since fortune governs most human affairs, and it has evidently pleased her that you should experience both our force and our favour, now, since she allows it, make haste and continue as you have begun.

Iug. 102.10Multa atque opportūna habēs, quō facilius errāta officiīs superēs.You have many opportune means of more easily outweighing your errors by your services. Iug. 102.11Postrēmō hoc in pectus tuom dēmitte, numquam populum Rōmānum beneficiīs victum esse.Finally, take this to heart: that the Roman people has never been outdone in kindnesses. Iug. 102.11Nam bellō quid valeat, tūte scīs."For what it can do in war, you know for yourself.' Iug. 102.12Ad ea Bocchus placidē et benignē, simul pauca prō dēlictō suō verba facit: sē nōn hostīlī animō, sed ob regnum tūtandum arma cēpisse.To this Bocchus replies calmly and courteously, and at the same time says a few words in excuse for his offence: that he had taken up arms not in a hostile spirit but to protect his kingdom. Iug. 102.13Nam Numidiae partem, unde vī Iugurtham expulerit, iūre bellī suam factam;For the part of Numidia from which he had driven Jugurtha by force had become his by the law of war; Iug. 102.13eam vāstārī ā Mariō patī nequīvisse.he could not allow it to be laid waste by Marius. Iug. 102.13Praetereā missīs anteā Rōmam lēgātīs repulsum ab amīcitiā.Besides, when he had earlier sent envoys to Rome, he had been refused friendship.

Iug. 102.14Cēterum vetera omittere ac tum, sī per Marium licēret, lēgātōs ad senātum missūrum.However, he would let bygones be bygones, and would now, if Marius permitted, send envoys to the senate. Iug. 102.15Dein cōpiā factā animus barbarī ab amīcīs flexus, quōs Iugurtha, cognitā lēgātiōne Sullae et Mānlī metuēns id, quod parābātur, dōnīs corrūperat.Then, when permission had been given, the barbarian's mind was turned by his friends, whom Jugurtha, having learned of the mission of Sulla and Manlius and fearing what was being prepared, had bribed with gifts.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (212 words)
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
dubiē (adv.)doubtfully; haud dubiē: without doubt
iam, adv.now, already
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome through, come, arrive, reach
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
oppidum, -ī, n.town
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
initium, -ī, n.beginning
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
iterum, adv.again, a second time
barbarus, -a, -umbarbarian
male, adv.badly, ill
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
rēx, rēgis, m.king
verbum, -ī, n.word
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
fīdus, -a, -umfaithful, loyal, trustworthy
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
volō, velle, voluīwish
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
commodum, -ī n.advantage, interest
cum, prep, with abl.with
disserō, -ere, -sēvī, -situssow here and there, plant at intervals
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
quamquam, conj.however much, although
acciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussummon, send for
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
āversus, -a, -umturned away, distant
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
cupidus, -a, -umdesirous, eager
pāx, pācis f.peace
vehementer, adv.violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly
accendō, -cendere, -cendī, -cēnsuskindle, light
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
fācundia, -ae f.eloquence, fluency of speech
nōn, adv.not
aetās, -tātis, f.age
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
nōsplur. of ego
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
tālis, -esuch
vir, virī, m.man
deus, -ī, m.god
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
utī (conj.)older form of ut: that, so that; as
aliquandō, adv.at some time or other; finally, at length
bellum, -ī, n.war
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
nēve or neu, conj.and that not, and not, nor
bonus, -a, -umgood
malus, -a, -umbad
omnis, -eall, every
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
commaculō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstain, pollute, defile
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
dēmō, -ere, dēmpsī, dēmptustake away, remove
acerbus, -a, -umbitter, harsh, painful
necessitūdō, -inis f.close tie, relationship
pariter (adv.)equally, alike; at the same time
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
scelerātus, -a, -umwicked, criminal
persequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, pursue
prīncipium, -ī n.beginning; prīncipiō, in the first place
inops, -opispoor, needy
bene, adv.well; successfully
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
que, enclitic conj.and
reor, rērī, ratus sumthink, suppose, reckon
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
imperitō, -āre, -āvīrule over, command (+ dat.)
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
noster, -tra, -trumour
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
quia (conj.)because
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
offēnsa, -ae f.a knock, injury; offence, discomfort
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
pār, parisequal
sī, conj.if
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
deinde, adv.then, next
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
abundē (adv.)in plenty, more than enough
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
utinam (adv.)if only, would that (with subjunctive)
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
perpetior, -petī, -pessus sumendure, bear to the end
sed, conj.but
quoniam, conj.since now, since
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraquemost, very many
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
scīlicet, adv.of course, naturally, evidently
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
nunc, adv.now
quandō (adv.)when; (after sī) ever
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
festīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhurry, make haste
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
pergō, -ere, perrēxī, perrēctumgo on, press on
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
facile, adv.easily
errātum, -ī n.a mistake, error, lapse
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
numquam, adv.never
beneficium, -ī, n.well-doing, kindness, service, benefit
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
nam, conj.for
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
placidē (adv.)quietly, calmly
benignē, adv.kindly
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
dēlictum, -ī n.offence, crime
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
unde, adv.whence
expellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive out, expel
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
vāstō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslay waste
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
nequeō, -īre, -īvībe unable, cannot
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
anteā, adv.before
repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsusdrive back or away, repulse, repel
cēterum (adv.)but, however; for the rest
vetus, veterisold, former
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
tum, adv.then, at that time
senātus, -ūs m.senate
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
lēgātiō, -ōnis f.embassy, mission
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
dōnum, -ī, n.gift
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Sallust's Jugurthine War, with chapter 79 onwards in part from A. W. Ahlberg (Teubner, 1919), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.