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Pliny · Epistulae VII

Pliny, Letter 7.6

Silence in the Varenus affair

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Ep. 7.6.1Rāra et notābilis rēs Varēnō contigit, sit licet adhūc dubia.A rare and remarkable thing has happened to Varenus, though it is still uncertain. Ep. 7.6.1Bīthȳnī accūsātiōnem eius ut temerē incohātam omīsisse narrantur.The Bithynians are reported to have dropped their prosecution of him as rashly begun. Ep. 7.6.1"Narrantur" dīcō?'Reported', do I say? Ep. 7.6.1Adest prōvinciae lēgātus, attulit dēcrētum conciliī ad Caesarem, attulit ad multōs prīncipēs virōs, attulit etiam ad nōs Varēnī advocātōs.A deputy of the province is here; he has brought the council's decree to Caesar, he has brought it to many leading men, he has brought it also to us, Varenus' advocates. Ep. 7.6.2Perstat tamen īdem ille Magnus;Yet that same Magnus persists; Ep. 7.6.2quīn etiam Nigrīnum optimum virum pertinācissimē exercet.indeed, he keeps harassing Nigrinus, an excellent man, most persistently. Ep. 7.6.2Per hunc ā cōnsulibus postulābat, ut Varēnus exhibēre ratiōnēs cōgerētur.Through him he was demanding of the consuls that Varenus be compelled to produce his accounts. Ep. 7.6.3Assistēbam Varēnō iam tantum ut amīcus et tacēre dēcrēveram.I was standing by Varenus now merely as a friend, and had decided to keep silent.

Ep. 7.6.3Nihil enim tam contrārium quam sī advocātus ā senātū datus dēfenderem ut reum, cui opus esset nē reus vidērētur.For nothing would have been so damaging as if I, an advocate assigned by the senate, were to defend as a defendant a man who needed not to seem a defendant at all. Ep. 7.6.4Cum tamen fīnītā postulātiōne Nigrīnī cōnsulēs ad mē oculōs rettulissent, "Sciētis" inquam "cōnstāre nōbīs silentiī nostrī ratiōnem, cum vērōs lēgātōs prōvinciae audieritis."When, however, Nigrinus' demand was finished and the consuls had turned their eyes to me, I said: 'You will see that there is good reason for my silence when you have heard the true deputies of the province.' Ep. 7.6.4Contrā Nigrīnus: "Ad quem missī sunt?"Nigrinus in reply: 'To whom have they been sent?' Ep. 7.6.4Ego: "Ad mē quoque: habeō dēcrētum prōvinciae."I: 'To me as well: I have the decree of the province.' Ep. 7.6.5Rūrsus ille: "Potest tibi liquēre."He again: 'It may be clear to you.' Ep. 7.6.5Ad hoc ego: "Sī tibi ex dīversō liquet, potest et mihi quod est melius liquēre.To this I said: 'If what favours your side is clear to you, what is better may be clear to me too.' Ep. 7.6.6Tum lēgātus Polyaenus causās abolitae accūsātiōnis exposuit, postulāvitque nē cognitiōnī Caesaris praeiūdicium fieret.Then the deputy Polyaenus set out the reasons for abandoning the prosecution, and asked that Caesar's hearing should not be prejudged.

Ep. 7.6.6Respondit Magnus iterumque Polyaenus.Magnus replied, and Polyaenus again. Ep. 7.6.6Ipse rārō et breviter interlocūtus multum mē intrā silentium tenuī.I myself, interjecting rarely and briefly, kept for the most part to silence. Ep. 7.6.7Accēpī enim nōn minus interdum ōrātōrium esse tacēre quam dīcere.For I have learnt that it is sometimes no less the mark of an orator to be silent than to speak. Ep. 7.6.7Atque adeō repetō mē quibusdam capitis reīs vel magis silentiō quam ōrātiōne accūrātissimā prōfuisse.And indeed I recall that I have helped certain men on capital charges more by silence than by the most carefully prepared speech. Ep. 7.6.8Māter āmissō fīliō - quid enim prohibet, quamquam alia ratiō scrībendae epistulae fuerit, dē studiīs disputāre?A mother who had lost her son — for what prevents me, although I had another reason for writing this letter, from discussing our pursuits? Ep. 7.6.8- lībertōs eius eōsdemque cohērēdēs suōs falsī et venēficiī reōs dētulerat ad prīncipem, iūdicemque impetrāverat Iūlium Serviānum.— had accused his freedmen, who were also her co-heirs, of forgery and poisoning before the emperor, and had obtained Julius Servianus as judge.

Ep. 7.6.9Dēfenderam reōs ingentī quidem coetū;I had defended the accused before an immense gathering; Ep. 7.6.9erat enim causa notissima, praetereā utrimque ingenia clārissima.for the case was very well known, and besides there were very distinguished talents on both sides. Ep. 7.6.9Fīnem cognitiōnī quaestiō imposuit, quae secundum reōs dedit.The investigation, which went in favour of the accused, put an end to the hearing. Ep. 7.6.10Posteā māter adiit prīncipem, affirmāvit sē novās probātiōnēs invēnisse.Afterwards the mother approached the emperor and declared that she had found new evidence. Ep. 7.6.10Praeceptum est Subūrānō, ut vacāret fīnītam causam retractantī, sī quid novī afferret.Suburanus was instructed to give his time to her as she reopened the concluded case, if she brought anything new. Ep. 7.6.11Aderat mātrī Iūlius Āfricānus, nepōs illīus ōrātōris, quō audītō Passiēnus Crispus dīxit: "Bene mehercule, bene;Julius Africanus was appearing for the mother, the grandson of that orator after hearing whom Passienus Crispus said: 'Good, by Hercules, good; Ep. 7.6.11sed quō tam bene?"but what is the point of being so good?' Ep. 7.6.11Huius nepōs, iuvenis ingeniōsus sed nōn parum callidus, cum multa dīxisset assignātumque tempus implēsset, "Rogō" inquit, "Subūrāne, permittās mihi ūnum verbum adicere."His grandson, a talented young man but not a little crafty, after saying a great deal and filling his allotted time, said: 'I ask you, Suburanus, to allow me to add one word.' Ep. 7.6.12Tum ego, cum omnēs mē ut diū respōnsūrum intuērentur, "Respondissem" inquam "sī ūnum illud verbum Āfricānus adiēcisset, in quō nōn dubitō omnia nova fuisse."Then, when everyone was looking at me as if I would reply at length, I said: 'I would have replied if Africanus had added that one word, in which I do not doubt that all the new evidence would have lain.' Ep. 7.6.13Nōn facile mē repetō tantum assēnsum agendō cōnsecūtum, quantum tunc nōn agendō.I do not easily recall winning so much approval by pleading as I did then by not pleading.

Ep. 7.6.13Similiter nunc et probātum et exceptum est, quod prō Varēnō hāctenus tacuī.In the same way my having so far kept silent on Varenus' behalf has now been both approved and well received. Ep. 7.6.14Cōnsulēs, ut Polyaenus postulābat, omnia integra prīncipī servāvērunt;The consuls, as Polyaenus requested, kept everything open for the emperor; Ep. 7.6.14cuius cognitiōnem suspēnsus exspectō.his hearing I await in suspense. Ep. 7.6.14Nam diēs ille nōbīs prō Varēnō aut sēcūritātem et ōtium dabit aut intermissum labōrem renovātā sollicitūdine iniunget.For that day will either give us security and rest on Varenus' behalf, or lay upon us again our interrupted labour with renewed anxiety. Ep. 7.6.14Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×4, indirect statement ×4, gerunds and gerundives ×3, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (215 words)
rārus, -a, -umscattered, few
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
notābilis, -enoteworthy, remarkable
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
contingō, -ere, -tigī, -tāctumtouch, reach
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
dubius, -a, -umdoubtful, uncertain
accūsātiō, -ōnis f.accusation, charge
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
temerē, adv.rashly
incohō (inchoō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusbegin, start
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
narrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustell, relate, narrate
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
afferō, afferre, attulī, allātumbring, bring to; cause
dēcrētum, -ī n.decision, decree
concilium, -ī n.meeting, council
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
vir, virī, m.man
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
nōsplur. of ego
advocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon (contiōnem advocāre: call an assembly)
perstō, -āre, -stitī, -stātumstand firm; persist
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
bonus, -a, -umgood
pertināciter (adv.)stubbornly, persistently
exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitusexercise
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
postulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask, request, demand
exhibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusshow, display, present
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
adsistō (assistō), -ere, -stitītake one's stand (beside), stand by
iam, adv.now, already
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
taceō, -ēre, -uī, -itusbe silent
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
enim, conj.for
tam, adv.so
contrārius, -a, -umopposite, facing
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
sī, conj.if
senātus, -ūs m.senate
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
reus, -ī m.defendant, the accused
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
opus, operis, n.work, task
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
fīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusbound, limit; end
postulātiō, -ōnis f.request, demand
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
oculus, -ī, m.eye
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
silentium, -ī n.silence; silentiō: in silence, quietly
noster, -tra, -trumour
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
quoque, adv.also
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
rūrsus, adv.again
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
liqueō, -ēre, licuībe clear; parum liquet, it is not clear
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
tum, adv.then, at that time
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
aboleō, -ēre, -ēvī, -itumdestroy, wipe out (the memory of)
expōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput out, set forth; put on shore, land; explain
que, enclitic conj.and
cognitiō, -ōnis f.learning, knowledge, study
praeiūdicium, -ī n.a prior judgement, a precedent; an example that decides what follows
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
iterum, adv.again, a second time
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
rārō (adv.)seldom, rarely
breviter (adv.)briefly, in a few words
interloquor, -loquī, -locūtus suminterrupt, break in while another speaks
multum, -ī, n.much
intrā, prep. with acc.within
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
nōn, adv.not
minus, comp. adv.less
interdum (adv.)sometimes
ōrātor, -ōris m.speaker; envoy
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
repetō, -ere, -petīvī, -petītumdemand back; seek again
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
caput, capitis, n.head
velor; vel … vel: either … or
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
accūrātus, -a, -umcareful, studied, precise
prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuībe of advantage, profit, avail, assist
māter, mātris, f.mother
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
fīlius, -ī, m.son
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
quamquam, conj.however much, although
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
epistula, -ae f.letter
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
disputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdiscuss, argue
lībertus, -ī m.freedman (a former slave, in relation to his former master)
cohērēs, -ēdis m./f.co-heir, joint heir
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
falsus, -a, -umfeigned, pretended, false
venēficium, -ī n.poisoning; sorcery, magic
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
impetrō, -petrāre, -petrāvī, -petrātusgain one's end, obtain (a request)
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
coetus, -ūs m.meeting, gathering, assembly
nōtus, -a, -umknown, well-known, famous
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
utrimque, adv.on either side or both sides
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
quaestiō, -ōnis f.inquiry, examination
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
secundum (prep. + acc.)after, besides; along
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
affirmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusassert, declare firmly
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
probātiō, -ōnis f.proof; testing, examination; approval
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
praeceptum, -ī n.instruction, order
vacō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumbe empty, be unoccupied
retractō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushandle again, touch again
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
nepōs, nepōtis, m.grandson
bene, adv.well; successfully
mehercule, mehercle (interj.)by Hercules!, so help me, truly
sed, conj.but
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
ingeniōsus, -a, -umclever, talented, inventive
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
callidus, -a, -umclever, crafty
assignō (adsignō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusassign, allot
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
permittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumallow, permit; entrust
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
verbum, -ī, n.word
adiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow to, throw, hurl
omnis, -eall, every
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
intueor, -tuērī, -tuituslook upon, behold
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
facile, adv.easily
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
assēnsus (adsēnsus), -ūs m.agreement, approval, assent
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
cōnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, follow; overtake
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
tunc (adv.)then, at that time
similiter (adv.)likewise, in the same way
nunc, adv.now
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
quod, conj.that, in that, because
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
hāctenus (adv.)thus far, up to this point; so much (and no more)
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
suspendō, -pendere, -pendī, -pēnsushang up, hang
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
nam, conj.for
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
sēcūritās, -ātis f.freedom from care, composure
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
intermittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missusleave off, interrupt; let pass; pass., be left between, intervene, elapse
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
renovō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumrenew
sollicitūdō, -tūdinis, f.anxiety, care, apprehension
iniungō, -ere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin to; impose, inflict
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae VII. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.