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Pliny · Epistulae VII

Pliny, Letter 7.24

Ummidia Quadratilla and her grandson

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Ep. 7.24.1Ummidia Quadrātilla paulō minus octōgēnsimō aetātis annō dēcessit ūsque ad novissimam valētūdinem viridis, atque etiam ultrā mātrōnālem modum compāctō corpore et rōbustō.Ummidia Quadratilla has died a little short of her eightieth year, vigorous right up to her last illness, and with a body compact and sturdy even beyond what is usual in a married woman. Ep. 7.24.2Dēcessit honestissimō testāmentō: relīquit hērēdēs ex besse nepōtem, ex tertiā parte neptem.She died leaving a most honourable will: she left her grandson heir to two-thirds, her granddaughter to one third. Ep. 7.24.2Neptem parum nōvī, nepōtem familiārissimē dīligō, adulēscentem singulārem nec iīs tantum, quōs sanguine attingit, inter propinquōs amandum.The granddaughter I hardly know; the grandson I love most intimately, an exceptional young man, deserving to be loved among his relatives not only by those to whom he is related by blood. Ep. 7.24.3Ac prīmum cōnspicuus fōrmā omnēs sermōnēs malignōrum et puer et iuvenis ēvāsit, intrā quartum et vīcēnsimum annum marītus, et sī deus adnuisset pater.First, though conspicuous for his good looks, he escaped all the gossip of the malicious both as a boy and as a young man; he was a husband before his twenty-fourth year, and, had god consented, would have been a father.

Ep. 7.24.3Vīxit in contuberniō aviae dēlicātae sevērissimē, et tamen obsequentissimē.He lived in the household of his pleasure-loving grandmother most austerely, and yet most dutifully. Ep. 7.24.4Habēbat illa pantomīmōs fovēbatque, effūsius quam prīncipī fēminae convenit.She kept pantomime actors and indulged them more lavishly than befits a woman of the highest rank. Ep. 7.24.4Hōs Quadrātus nōn in theātrō, nōn domī spectābat, nec illa exigēbat.Quadratus did not watch them, either in the theatre or at home, nor did she demand it. Ep. 7.24.5Audīvī ipsam cum mihi commendāret nepōtis suī studia, solēre sē, ut fēminam in illō ōtiō sexūs, laxāre animum lūsū calculōrum, solēre spectāre pantomīmōs suōs, sed cum factūra esset alterutrum, semper sē nepōtī suō praecēpisse abīret studēretque;I heard her say herself, when she was commending her grandson's studies to me, that she was accustomed, as a woman in the idleness of her sex, to relax her mind with a game of draughts, and accustomed to watch her pantomimes, but that whenever she was about to do either, she always told her grandson to go away and study; Ep. 7.24.5quod mihi nōn amōre eius magis facere quam reverentiā vidēbātur.which she seemed to me to do not so much out of love for him as out of respect.

Ep. 7.24.6Mīrāberis, et ego mīrātus sum.You will be surprised, and I was surprised too. Ep. 7.24.6Proximīs sacerdōtālibus lūdīs, prōductīs in commissiōne pantomīmīs, cum simul theātrō ego et Quadrātus ēgrederēmur, ait mihi: "Scīs mē hodiē prīmum vīdisse saltantem aviae meae lībertum?"At the recent priestly games, when the pantomimes had been brought on at the opening, as Quadratus and I were leaving the theatre together, he said to me: 'Do you know that today, for the first time, I saw my grandmother's freedman dance?' Ep. 7.24.6Hoc nepōs.So said the grandson. Ep. 7.24.7At herculē aliēnissimī hominēs in honōrem Quadrātillae - pudet mē dīxisse honōrem - per adūlātiōnis officium in theātrum cursitābant exsultābant plaudēbant mīrābantur ac deinde singulōs gestūs dominae cum canticīs reddēbant;But, by Hercules, utter strangers, to honour Quadratilla — I am ashamed to have said honour — would run to the theatre by way of flattering service, leap up, applaud, admire, and then reproduce for their mistress every gesture, with the songs; Ep. 7.24.7quī nunc exiguissima lēgāta, theātrālis operae corōllārium, accipient ab hērēde, quī nōn spectābat.and now they will receive very tiny legacies, a tip for their theatrical services, from the heir who did not watch.

Ep. 7.24.8Haec, quia solēs sī quid incidit novī nōn invītus audīre, deinde quia iūcundum est mihi quod cēperam gaudium scrībendō retractāre.I write this because you are not unwilling to hear if anything new has happened, and then because it is pleasant to me to relive in writing the joy I had felt. Ep. 7.24.8Gaudeō enim pietāte dēfūnctae, honōre optimī iuvenis;For I rejoice at the dutifulness of the dead woman and at the honour done to an excellent young man; Ep. 7.24.8laetor etiam quod domus aliquandō C. Cassī, huius quī Cassiānae scholae prīnceps et parēns fuit, serviet dominō nōn minōrī.I am glad too that the house that once belonged to Gaius Cassius, the founder and father of the Cassian school, will serve a master no less great. Ep. 7.24.9Implēbit enim illam Quadrātus meus et decēbit, rūrsusque eī prīstinam dignitātem celebritātem glōriam reddet, cum tantus ōrātor inde prōcēdet, quantus iūris ille cōnsultus.For my Quadratus will fill it and grace it, and restore to it again its former dignity, renown and glory, since as great an orator will come forth from it as that man was a jurist.

Ep. 7.24.9Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (194 words)
paulō, adv.by a little, a little, somewhat
minus, comp. adv.less
octōgēsimus (octōgēnsimus), -a, -umeightieth
aetās, -tātis, f.age
annus, -ī, m.year
dēcēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo away, depart
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
valētūdō, -inis f.health, state of health; ill health
viridis, -egreen
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
ultrā (prep. + acc.)beyond
mātrōnālis, -eof a married woman, matronly
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
compingō, -ere, -pēgī, -pāctusjoin together, fasten together
corpus, corporis, n.body
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
rōbustus, -a, -umstrong, sturdy
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
testāmentum, -ī n.will (testament)
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
hērēs (haerēs), -ēdis m.heir
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
bēs, bessis m.two-thirds (of an inheritance or unit)
nepōs, nepōtis, m.grandson
tertius, -a, -umthird
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
neptis, -is f.granddaughter
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
familiāriter, adv.on intimate terms, closely
dīligō, -ere, -lēxī, -lēctuslove, value highly
adulēscēns, -entis, m.youth, young man
singulāris, -esingle; remarkable
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
attingō, -tingere, -tigī, -tāctustouch at
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f.near; (noun) relative
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
cōnspicuus, -a, -umconspicuous, remarkable
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
omnis, -eall, every
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
malignus, -a, -umspiteful; (of light) scanty
puer, puerī, m.boy
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
ēvādō, -vādere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo forth, get away, escape
intrā, prep. with acc.within
quartus, -a, -umfourth
vīcēsimus, -a, -umtwentieth
marītus, -ī, m.husband
sī, conj.if
deus, -ī, m.god
adnuō, -ere, -nuī, -nūtumnod, nod assent
pater, patris, m.father
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
contubernium, -ī n.a company sharing a tent or table; in Mark 6.39 a group, a party (of diners)
avia, -ae f.grandmother
dēlicātus, -a, -umdainty, pampered, effeminate
sevērē (adv.; comp. sevērius)strictly, sternly
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
obsequenter (adv.)obligingly, compliantly
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
pantomīmus, -ī m.pantomime dancer, a ballet performer who acted out stories in dumb show
foveō, -ēre, fōvī, fōtuskeep warm; cherish, favour
que, enclitic conj.and
effūsē (adv.)far and wide, without restraint
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
fēmina, -ae, f.woman
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
nōn, adv.not
theātrum, -ī n.theatre
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
exigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumdrive out; finish, spend (a season)
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
commendō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusentrust, commit; recommend
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
sexus, -ūs m.sex (male or female)
laxō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumloosen, open out
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
lūsus, -ūs m.play, game, sport
calculus, -ī m.pebble, stone; counter (for reckoning or voting); ad calculos vocare: reckon up exactly
sed, conj.but
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
alteruter, -tra, -trumone or the other; ad alterutrum: to one another (Late Latin)
semper, adv.always
praecipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake beforehand, anticipate; order, charge
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
studeō, -ēre, -uībe eager, give attention, apply oneself
amor, -ōris, m.love
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
reverentia, -ae f.respect, modesty, shyness
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
sacerdōtālis, -epriestly, of priests
lūdus, -ī, m.game, sport
prōdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductumlead out, bring out
commissiō, -ōnis f.opening of games or a show; contest
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
ēgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo out or forth, go ashore, disembark
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
hodiē (adv.)today
saltō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdance
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
lībertus, -ī m.freedman (a former slave, in relation to his former master)
at, conj.but
hercle (interj.)by Hercules!, indeed
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
homō, hominis, m.man
honor, -ōris, m.honor
pudet, -ēre, puduit (impers.)it shames, one is ashamed
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
adūlātiō, -ōnis f.flattery, fawning
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
cursitō, -ārerun to and fro, keep running about
exsultō, -āre, -āvīleap up; exult, revel, run riot
plaudō, -ere, plausī, plausumclap, strike, beat
deinde, adv.then, next
singulī, -ae, -aone at a time, single
gestus, -ūs m.gesture, movement, bearing
domina, -ae, f.mistress
cum, prep, with abl.with
canticum, -ī n.song, sung passage, chant
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
nunc, adv.now
exiguus, -a, -umsmall, scanty, short
lēgātum, -ī n.legacy, bequest
theātrālis, -eof the theatre, theatrical
opera, -ae, f.effort, work, labor
corōllārium, -ī n.tip, bonus, gratuity (orig. a garland given to performers)
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
quia (conj.)because
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
iūcundus, -a, -umsweet, pleasant
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
gaudium, -ī, n.gladness, joy
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
retractō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushandle again, touch again
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
enim, conj.for
pietās, -ātis f.dutifulness, devotion to family and gods
dēfungor, -fungī, -fūnctus sumfinish, be done with; dēfūnctus: dead
bonus, -a, -umgood
laetor, -ārī, -ātus sumrejoice, be glad
quod, conj.that, in that, because
aliquandō, adv.at some time or other; finally, at length
Cassiānus, -a, -umof Cassius (bellum Cassiānum: the war in which Cassius died)
schola, -ae f.lecture hall, school; lecture
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
serviō, -ire, -īvī, -ītusbe subject to, serve
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
decet, decēre, decuit (impers.)it is fitting, it is proper
rūrsus, adv.again
prīstinus, -a, -umformer
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
celebritās, -ātis f.crowd; fame, renown
glōria, -ae, f.glory
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
ōrātor, -ōris m.speaker; envoy
inde (adv.)from there; then
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
cōnsultus, -a, -umskilled, learned (in: gen.)
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae VII. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.