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Pliny · Epistulae V

Pliny, Letter 5.13

The outcome of the Nominatus affair

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Ep. 5.13.1Et tū rogās et ego prōmīsī sī rogāssēs, scrīptūrum mē tibi quem habuisset ēventum postulātiō Nepōtis circā Tuscilium Nōminātum.You ask, and I promised that if you asked I would write to you about the outcome of Nepos' demand concerning Tuscilius Nominatus. Ep. 5.13.1Inductus est Nōminātus;Nominatus was brought in; Ep. 5.13.1ēgit ipse prō sē nūllō accūsante.he pleaded for himself, with no one accusing him. Ep. 5.13.1Nam lēgātī Vicetinōrum nōn modo nōn pressērunt eum vērum etiam sublevāvērunt.For the envoys of the Vicetines not only did not press him but even helped him. Ep. 5.13.2Summa dēfēnsiōnis, nōn fidem sibi in advocātiōne sed cōnstantiam dēfuisse;The gist of his defence was that he had lacked not good faith as an advocate but firmness; Ep. 5.13.2dēscendisse ut āctūrum, atque etiam in cūriā vīsum, deinde sermōnibus amīcōrum perterritum recessisse;that he had come down intending to plead, and had even been seen in the senate house, but then, terrified by what his friends said, had withdrawn; Ep. 5.13.2monitum enim nē dēsīderiō senātōris, nōn iam quasi dē nūndinīs sed quasi dē grātiā fāmā dignitāte certantis, tam pertināciter praesertim in senātū repugnāret, aliōquī maiōrem invidiam quam proximē passūrus.for he had been warned not to oppose so stubbornly, especially in the senate, the wishes of a senator who was contending no longer, as it were, over a market but over his influence, his reputation and his standing, or else he would suffer greater unpopularity than on the last occasion.

Ep. 5.13.3Erat sānē prius, ā paucīs tamen, acclāmātum exeuntī.And indeed there had earlier been shouts against him as he left, though from only a few. Ep. 5.13.3Subiūnxit precēs multumque lacrimārum;He added entreaties and many tears; Ep. 5.13.3quīn etiam tōtā āctiōne homō in dīcendō exercitātus operam dedit, ut dēprecārī magis - id enim et favōrābilius et tūtius - quam dēfendī vidērētur.indeed throughout his whole speech, as a man practised in speaking, he took pains to seem to be begging for pardon — for that is both more likely to win favour and safer — rather than defending himself. Ep. 5.13.4Absolūtus est sententiā dēsignātī cōnsulis Afrānī Dextrī, cuius haec summa: melius quidem Nōminātum fuisse factūrum, sī causam Vicetinōrum eōdem animō quō suscēperat pertulisset;He was acquitted on the motion of the consul-elect Afranius Dexter, the gist of which was this: that Nominatus would indeed have done better if he had carried through the Vicetines' case in the same spirit in which he had taken it on; Ep. 5.13.4quia tamen in hoc genus culpae nōn fraude incidisset, nihilque dignum animadversiōne admīsisse convincerētur, līberandum, ita ut Vicetinīs quod accēperat redderet.but since he had fallen into this kind of fault not through fraud, and was proved to have committed nothing deserving punishment, he should be released, on condition that he returned to the Vicetines what he had received.

Ep. 5.13.5Assēnsērunt omnēs praeter Fabium Aprum.Everyone agreed except Fabius Aper. Ep. 5.13.5Is interdīcendum eī advocātiōnibus in quīnquennium cēnsuit, et quamvīs nēminem auctōritāte trāxisset, cōnstanter in sententiā mānsit;He proposed that Nominatus be barred from acting as an advocate for five years, and although he had won no one over by his authority, he stood firmly by his proposal; Ep. 5.13.5quīn etiam Dextrum, quī prīmus dīversum cēnsuerat, prōlātā lēge dē senātū habendō iūrāre coēgit ē rē pūblicā esse quod cēnsuisset.he even produced the law on the conduct of the senate and forced Dexter, who had been the first to propose otherwise, to swear that his proposal was in the public interest. Ep. 5.13.6Cui quamquam lēgitimae postulātiōnī ā quibusdam reclāmātum est;Although this demand was lawful, some people protested against it; Ep. 5.13.6exprobrāre enim cēnsentī ambitiōnem vidēbātur.for he seemed to be reproaching the proposer with seeking favour. Ep. 5.13.6Sed prius quam sententiae dīcerentur, Nigrīnus tribūnus plēbis recitāvit libellum disertum et gravem, quō questus est vēnīre advocātiōnēs, vēnīre etiam praevāricātiōnēs, in lītēs coīrī, et glōriae locō pōnī ex spoliīs cīvium magnōs et statōs reditūs.But before the opinions were given, Nigrinus, a tribune of the plebs, read out an eloquent and weighty memorandum in which he complained that advocates' services were for sale, that even collusion was for sale, that men conspired in lawsuits, and that large and regular incomes from the spoils of fellow citizens were reckoned as glory.

Ep. 5.13.7Recitāvit capita lēgum, admonuit senātūs cōnsultōrum, in fīne dīxit petendum ab optimō prīncipe, ut quia lēgēs, quia senātūs cōnsulta contemnerentur, ipse tantīs vitiīs medērētur.He read out the heads of the laws, reminded the senate of its decrees, and at the end said that the best of emperors should be asked, since the laws and the decrees of the senate were being despised, to cure such great abuses himself. Ep. 5.13.8Paucī diēs, et liber prīncipis sevērus et tamen moderātus: legēs ipsum;A few days passed, and there was a letter from the emperor, severe and yet moderate: you will read it yourself; Ep. 5.13.8est in pūblicīs actīs.it is in the public records. Ep. 5.13.8Quam mē iuvat, quod in causīs agendīs nōn modo pactiōne dōnō mūnere vērum etiam xeniīs semper abstinuī!How glad I am that in pleading cases I have always abstained not only from any bargain, gift or present, but even from tokens of friendship! Ep. 5.13.9Oportet quidem, quae sunt inhonesta, nōn quasi illicita sed quasi pudenda vītāre;One ought, indeed, to avoid what is dishonourable not as unlawful but as shameful; Ep. 5.13.9iūcundum tamen sī prohibērī pūblicē videās, quod numquam tibi ipse permīserīs.yet it is pleasant if you see forbidden by public authority what you have never allowed yourself.

Ep. 5.13.10Erit fortasse, immō nōn dubiē, huius prōpositī meī et minor laus et obscūrior fāma, cum omnēs ex necessitāte facient quod ego sponte faciēbam.Perhaps — no, without doubt — there will be both less praise and a dimmer reputation for this principle of mine, since everyone will do from necessity what I used to do of my own accord. Ep. 5.13.10Interim fruor voluptāte, cum aliī dīvīnum mē, aliī meīs rapīnīs meae avāritiae occursum per lūdum ac iocum dictitant.Meanwhile I enjoy the pleasure of it, as some keep calling me a prophet, others, in fun and as a joke, say that a check has been put on my plundering and my greed. Ep. 5.13.10Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×8, gerunds and gerundives ×7, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (228 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
prōmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend or put forth, promise
sī, conj.if
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
ēventus, -ūs m.outcome, result
postulātiō, -ōnis f.request, demand
circā (adv. and prep. + acc.)around, about
indūcō, -dūcere, dūxī, -ductuslead in or on, move, excite
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
accūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumblame, accuse
nam, conj.for
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
nōn, adv.not
modo, adv.only
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
sublevō, -levāre, -levāvī, -levātuslift from beneath, lift, raise
summa, -ae f.total, sum; supreme command
dēfēnsiō, -ōnis f.defence
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
advocātiō, -ōnis f.a body of supporters in court; legal assistance, advocacy, a case pleaded
sed, conj.but
cōnstantia, -ae f.steadiness, firmness
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
dēscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb down, descend
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
cūria, -ae f.senate house
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
deinde, adv.then, next
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
perterreō, -terrēre, -terrui, -territusthoroughly frighten, terrify
recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo back, withdraw, retire
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
enim, conj.for
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
dēsīderium, -ī, n.desire, longing
senātor, -ōris m.senator, elder
iam, adv.now, already
quasi, conj.as if
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
nūndinae, -ārum f. pl.market day; market, trading, traffic
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
tam, adv.so
pertināciter (adv.)stubbornly, persistently
praesertim (adv.)especially
senātus, -ūs m.senate
repugnō, -pugnāre, -pugnāvī, -pugnātusfight against, struggle, resist
aliōquī (adv.)otherwise; in other respects
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
proximē (adv.)most recently; nearest
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
sānē, adv.certainly, by all means; very
prius, adv.before, first
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
acclāmō (adclāmō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout at, cry out against (or in approval of)
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
subiungō, -ere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusharness, yoke beneath; subject, subdue
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
multum, -ī, n.much
que, enclitic conj.and
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
āctiō, -ōnis f.doing, action; a public act or measure
homō, hominis, m.man
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
exercitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtrain, exercise
opera, -ae, f.effort, work, labor
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
dēprecor, -ārī, -ātus sumbeg to be spared, plead
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
favōrābilis, -epopular, winning favour, well-liked
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
absolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusrelease, set free; acquit (of: gen.)
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
dēsignō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpoint out, refer to
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
bene, adv.well; successfully
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
perferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear through, bear, endure; weather
quia (conj.)because
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
animadversiō, -ōnis f.notice; censure, punishment
admittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend to, admit; allow
convincō, -ere, -vīcī, -victumprove guilty, expose
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
assentiō (adsentiō), -īre, -sēnsī, -sēnsumagree, assent (to: dat.)
omnis, -eall, every
praeter, prep. with acc.before, past, by; besides, except
interdīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictumforbid; (+ dat. and abl.) bar someone from
quīnquennium, -ī n.period of five years
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsusthink, believe, consider
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
cōnstanter (adv.)steadily, consistently
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbring forward, bring out
lēx, lēgis f.law
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
quamquam, conj.however much, although
lēgitimus, -a, -umlawful, legal, prescribed by law
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
reclāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout back, cry out against, protest; re-echo
exprobrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreproach, rebuke, blame (someone) for
ambitiō, -ōnis f.canvassing for office; ambition, desire for honours
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
recitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusread aloud
libellus, -ī m.little book; written document; libellus repudiī: certificate of divorce
disertus, -a, -umeloquent, skilled in speaking
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
vēneō, -īre, -iībe sold (+ abl. of price)
praevāricātiō, -ōnis f.collusion (of a prosecutor with the defence); transgression, sin
līs, lītis f.lawsuit, dispute; damages
coeō, -īre, -iī, -itumcome together, assemble
glōria, -ae, f.glory
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
spolium, -ī n.spoils, booty (usu. pl.)
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
sistō, -ere, stitī, statusstop, halt; set up
reditus, -ūs, m.return
caput, capitis, n.head
admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, warn, advise
cōnsultum, -ī n.decree (senātūs cōnsultum: a decree of the Senate)
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
bonus, -a, -umgood
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
vitium, -ī n.fault, vice
medeor, -ērīheal, remedy (+ dat.)
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
liber, librī m.book; record
sevērus, -a, -umstern, strict, severe
moderātus, -a, -umrestrained, moderate; (as noun) restraint
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
acta (actē), -ae f.seashore, beach; (pl.) beach parties, seaside pleasures
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
quod, conj.that, in that, because
pactiō, -ōnis f.agreement, bargain
dōnum, -ī, n.gift
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
xenium, -ī n.present to a guest; gift
semper, adv.always
abstineō, -ēre, abstinuī, abstentumkeep away, hold back (from)
oportet, -ēre, oportuit (impersonal)it is right, it is necessary
inhonestus, -a, -umdishonourable, shameful
illicitus (inlicitus), -a, -umforbidden, unlawful
pudet, -ēre, puduit (impers.)it shames, one is ashamed
vītō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusavoid, escape
iūcundus, -a, -umsweet, pleasant
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
pūblicē (adv.)officially, as a state
numquam, adv.never
permittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumallow, permit; entrust
fortasse (adv.)perhaps
immō (adv.)no rather, on the contrary; immō vērō: no, indeed, even
dubiē (adv.)doubtfully; haud dubiē: without doubt
prōpositum, -ī n.plan, purpose; the point being made, theme
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
obscūrus, -a, -umdark
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
necessitās, -ātis f.necessity, compulsion
sponte, f. abl. sing., modified by meā, tuā, suāof one's own accord, voluntarily
interim (adv.)meanwhile
fruor, -ī, frūctus sum (+ abl.)enjoy
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
dīvīnus, -a, -umdivine, of the gods
rapīna, -ae f.plundering
avāritia, -ae f.greed
occursus, -ūs m.meeting; in occursum: to meet
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
lūdus, -ī, m.game, sport
iocus, -ī m.joke, jest
dictitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuskeep saying, say again and again
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae V. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.