| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| amīcus, -ī, m. | friend |
| tuus, -a, -um | thy, thine, your |
| offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātus | bear to, proffer, offer |
| sī, conj. | if |
| ego, meī, pers. pron. | I |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| māteria, -ae f. | timber, material |
| suppetō, -ere, -īvī | be at hand, be in supply |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| nunc, adv. | now |
| iūs, iūris, n. | right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath |
| videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus | see; pass., seem |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| tū, tuī, pers. pron. | thou, you |
| meus, -a, -um | my, mine |
| petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītus | seek, ask; attack |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| prīnceps, -ipis | first, chief; as noun: leader |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| dē, prep, with abl. | down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of |
| facultās, -tātis, f. | possibility, opportunity, chance, means |
| loquor, loquī, locūtus | speak |
| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| lārgē (adv.) | generously, lavishly |
| supersum, -esse, -fuī | be over or left, remain |
| sed, conj. | but |
| castitās, -ātis f. | chastity, purity |
| iūstitia, -ae f. | justice, fairness |
| gravitās, -ātis f. | weight, heaviness; dignity, seriousness |
| prūdentia, -ae, f. | prudence |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| cōnsilium, -ī, n. | advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| negōtium, -ī, n. | business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty |
| iūdicium, -ī n. | trial, court; judgment |
| studium, -ī, n. | eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit |
| ūtor, ūtī, ūsus | use |
| nam, conj. | for |
| plūrimum (adv.) | most, very much (plūrimum posse: be most powerful) |
| fidēs, -eī f. | faith, trust; pledge |
| vēritās, -ātis f. | truth |
| intellegentia (intelligentia), -ae f. | understanding, insight, discernment |
| praestō, -stāre, -stitī, -stitus | stand in front; show |
| amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | love |
| nihil, n., indecl. | nothing |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| ardenter (adv.) | ardently, passionately |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| careō, -ēre, -uī | be without, lack (+ abl.) |
| ambitus, -ūs m. | canvassing for office; bribery at elections (lēgēs ambitus: the bribery laws) |
| ideō (adv.) | for that reason, therefore |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| equester, -tris, -tre | of cavalry |
| gradus, -ūs m. | step, stage; rank |
| teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tus | hold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop |
| facile, adv. | easily |
| ascendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsus | climb to, ascend, mount |
| altus, -a, -um | high, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep |
| tamen, adv. | however, yet, nevertheless |
| ōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | equip, adorn |
| excolō, -ere, -coluī, -cultus | cultivate, improve, refine |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| itaque, adv. | and so, accordingly, therefore |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| aestimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | value, reckon |
| dignitās, -ātis f. | rank, standing, prestige |
| aliquis, -quid, indef. pron. | someone, any one, something, anything, some, any |
| astruō (adstruō), -ere, -strūxī, -strūctus | build on; add |
| inopīnāns, -antis | not expecting, off guard |
| nesciō, -scīre, -scīvī | not know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also) |
| immō (adv.) | no rather, on the contrary; immō vērō: no, indeed, even |
| etiam, adv. | and now, also, too, even |
| fortasse (adv.) | perhaps |
| nōlō, nōlle, nōluī | not wish, be unwilling |
| autem, conj. | moreover; but, however; now |
| splendidus, -a, -um | bright, magnificent |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| molestus, -a, -um | troublesome; molestus esse (+ dat.), to bother |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| prīmus, -a, -um | first, foremost |
| occāsiō, -ōnis, f. | chance, opportunity |
| cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātus | bring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way |
| rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | ask |
| habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | have, hold; consider |
| grātus, -a, -um | pleasing, grateful |
| dēbitor, -ōris m. | debtor |
| quamvīs (adv.) | however much, as … as you like |
| enim, conj. | for |
| iste, ista, istud, dem. pron. | that of yours, that |
| appetō, -petere, -petīvī, -petītus | draw near |
| tam, adv. | so |
| grātē (adv.) | gratefully, thankfully; with pleasure |
| excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take out or up, receive, welcome, entertain |
| quam, adv. | how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible |
| concupīscō, -cupīscere, -cupīvī, -cupītus | long for, covet |
| valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrus | be strong or effectual, have effect, prevail |