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Pliny · Epistulae I

Pliny, Letter 1.9

City business and country leisure

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Ep. 1.9.1Mīrum est quam singulīs diēbus in urbe ratiō aut cōnstet aut cōnstāre videātur, plūribus iūnctīsque nōn cōnstet.It is remarkable how, for single days in the city, an account either balances or seems to balance, but for several days taken together it does not. Ep. 1.9.2Nam sī quem interrogēs "Hodiē quid ēgistī?", respondeat: "Officiō togae virīlis interfuī, spōnsālia aut nūptiās frequentāvī, ille mē ad signandum testāmentum, ille in advocātiōnem, ille in cōnsilium rogāvit."For if you ask anyone, 'What did you do today?', he would answer: 'I attended a coming-of-age ceremony, I went to a betrothal or a wedding, one man asked me to witness his will, another to support him in court, another to sit on his council.' Ep. 1.9.3Haec quō diē fēceris, necessāria, eadem, sī cōtīdiē fēcisse tē reputēs, inānia videntur, multō magis cum sēcesseris.These things seem necessary on the day you do them, but the same things seem empty if you reflect that you have done them every day, and much more so when you have gone into retreat. Ep. 1.9.3Tunc enim subit recordātiō: "Quot diēs quam frīgidīs rēbus absūmpsī!"For then the recollection comes over you: 'How many days I have wasted on what dull things!' Ep. 1.9.4Quod ēvenit mihi, postquam in Laurentīnō meō aut legō aliquid aut scrībō aut etiam corporī vacō, cuius fultūrīs animus sustinētur.This is what happens to me after I am at my Laurentine house and am either reading something or writing or even attending to my body, by whose props the mind is supported.

Ep. 1.9.5Nihil audiō quod audīsse, nihil dīcō quod dīxisse paeniteat;I hear nothing that I regret having heard, I say nothing that I regret having said; Ep. 1.9.5nēmō apud mē quemquam sinistrīs sermōnibus carpit, nēminem ipse reprehendō, nisi tamen mē cum parum commodē scrībō;no one in my company carps at anyone with malicious talk, I myself find fault with no one, except, that is, myself when I write poorly; Ep. 1.9.5nūllā spē nūllō timōre sollicitor, nūllīs rūmōribus inquiētor: mēcum tantum et cum libellīs loquor.I am troubled by no hope, no fear, disturbed by no rumours: I talk only with myself and with my books. Ep. 1.9.6Ō rēctam sincēramque vītam!O upright and genuine life! Ep. 1.9.6Ō dulce ōtium honestumque ac paene omnī negōtiō pulchrius!O sweet and honourable leisure, finer almost than any business! Ep. 1.9.6Ō mare, ō lītus, vērum sēcrētumque quam, multa invenītis quam, multa dictātis dictatis!O sea, O shore, true and secret home of the Muses, how much you discover, how much you dictate! Ep. 1.9.7Proinde tū quoque strepitum istum inānemque discursum et multum ineptōs labōrēs, ut prīmum fuerit occāsiō, relinque tēque studiīs vel ōtiō trāde.So you too, as soon as there is an opportunity, leave that din and empty bustle and all those quite pointless labours, and give yourself to study or to leisure.

Ep. 1.9.8Satius est enim, ut Atīlius noster ērudītissimē simul et facētissimē dīxit, ōtiōsum esse quam nihil agere.For it is better, as our friend Atilius said most learnedly and at the same time most wittily, to be at leisure than to be doing nothing. Ep. 1.9.8Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×1, indirect statement ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (138 words)
mīrus, -a, -umwonderful, strange
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
singulī, -ae, -aone at a time, single
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
urbs, urbis, f.city
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctusjoin; yoke, harness
que, enclitic conj.and
nōn, adv.not
nam, conj.for
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
interrogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask, question
hodiē (adv.)today
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
toga, -ae f.toga, the Roman citizen's garment of peace
virīlis, -eof a man, male; n. pl. as noun: a man's private parts
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
spōnsālia, -ium n. pl.betrothal; betrothal feast
nūptiae, -ārum f. pl.wedding, marriage
frequentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusvisit often; crowd, fill
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
signō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmark, seal; certify
testāmentum, -ī n.will (testament)
advocātiō, -ōnis f.a body of supporters in court; legal assistance, advocacy, a case pleaded
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
necessārius, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m.necessary, critical; (noun) close friend, relative
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
cottīdiē, adv.daily, every day
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
reputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount, reckon among; think over
inānis, -eempty
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
sēcēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw
tunc (adv.)then, at that time
enim, conj.for
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
recordātiō, -ōnis f.recollection, remembering
quot (indecl.)how many
frīgidus, -a, -umcold
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
absūmō, -sūmere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake away, consume, destroy
ēveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome out; turn out, happen, befall
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
corpus, corporis, n.body
vacō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumbe empty, be unoccupied
fultūra, -ae f.prop, support; nourishment, sustenance
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
paenitet, -ēre, -uit (impers.)it repents, it grieves (paenitet mē: I regret, I am sorry)
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
sinister, -tra, -trumleft
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
carpō, -ere, -sī, -tuspluck
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
reprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hēnsumblame, criticise
nisi, conj.if not, unless
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
commodē (adv.)conveniently, easily, well
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
spēs, speī, f.hope
timor, -ōris, m.fear
sollicitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstir up, tempt
rūmor, -ōris m.rumour, report
inquiētō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdisturb, trouble, harass
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
cum, prep, with abl.with
libellus, -ī m.little book; written document; libellus repudiī: certificate of divorce
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
ō (interj.)O! oh!
rēctus, -a, -umdirect, straight
sincērus, -a, -umpure, sound, chaste
vīta, -ae, f.life
dulcis, -esweet
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
paene, adv.almost, nearly
omnis, -eall, every
negōtium, -ī, n.business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
mare, maris, n.sea
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
sēcrētus, -a, -umseparate; secret, private
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
dictō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay repeatedly; dictate
proinde (adv.)therefore, accordingly; so then
quoque, adv.also
strepitus, -ūs m.noise, din
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
discursus, -ūs m.running about; a darting movement
multum, -ī, n.much
ineptus, -a, -umfoolish, absurd, out of place
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
occāsiō, -ōnis, f.chance, opportunity
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
velor; vel … vel: either … or
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
satius, comp. (n.)better, preferable (satius est: it is better)
noster, -tra, -trumour
ērudītē (adv.)learnedly
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
facētē (adv.)wittily, cleverly
ōtiōsus, -a, -umat leisure, quiet; as noun: a peaceful citizen
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae I. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.