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Pliny · Epistulae I

Pliny, Letter 1.15

A friend who missed dinner

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Ep. 1.15.1Heus tū!Hey, you! Ep. 1.15.1Prōmittis ad cēnam, nec venīs?You promise to come to dinner, and then you do not come? Ep. 1.15.1Dīcitur iūs: ad assem impendium reddēs, nec id modicum.Here is the judgement: you will repay the expense to the last penny, and that is no small sum. Ep. 1.15.2Parātae erant lactūcae singulae, cochleae ternae, ōva bīna, halica cum mulsō et nive - nam hanc quoque computābis, immō hanc in prīmīs quae perit in ferculō -, olīvae bētāceī cucurbitae bulbī, alia mīlle nōn minus lauta.There had been prepared a lettuce each, three snails apiece, two eggs each, spelt-cake with honeyed wine and snow (for you will reckon this in too, indeed this above all, since it melts away on the dish), olives, beetroot, gourds, onions, and a thousand other things no less elegant. Ep. 1.15.2Audīssēs cōmoedōs vel lēctōrem vel lyristēn vel - quae mea līberālitās - omnēs.You would have heard comic actors, or a reader, or a lyre-player, or (such is my generosity) all of them. Ep. 1.15.3At tū apud nesciō quem ostrea vulvās echīnōs Gāditānās māluistī.But you preferred oysters, sow's wombs, sea-urchins and Spanish dancing-girls at the house of I know not whom.

Ep. 1.15.3Dabis poenās, nōn dīcō quās.You will pay the penalty, I do not say what. Ep. 1.15.3Dūrē fēcistī: invīdistī, nesciō an tibi, certē mihi, sed tamen et tibi.You have behaved harshly: you have cheated, I do not know whether yourself, certainly me, but still yourself as well. Ep. 1.15.3Quantum nōs lūsissēmus rīsissēmus studuissēmus!How we would have joked, laughed and studied! Ep. 1.15.4Potes apparātius cēnāre apud multōs, nūsquam hilarius simplicius incautius.You can dine more lavishly at many houses, but nowhere more cheerfully, simply and freely. Ep. 1.15.4In summā experīre, et nisi posteā tē aliīs potius excūsāveris, mihi semper excūsā.In short, try it, and unless afterwards you excuse yourself to others instead, always excuse yourself to me. Ep. 1.15.4Valē.Farewell.

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Latin vocabulary for this passage (95 words)
heus (interj.)hey! hello there!
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
prōmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend or put forth, promise
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
cēna, -ae, f.dinner
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
as, assis m.an as, a copper coin of small value; ūnīus assis aestimāre: to value at a penny
impendium, -ī n.expense, outlay, cost
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
modicus, -a, -ummoderate, small; modicum: a little
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
lactūca, -ae f.lettuce
singulī, -ae, -aone at a time, single
cochlea (coclea), -ae f.snail
ternī, -ae, -athree each, three at a time
ōvum, -ī n.egg
bīnī, -ae, -atwo each, two at a time
(h)alica, -ae f.spelt groats, porridge
cum, prep, with abl.with
mulsum, -ī n.honeyed wine, mead
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
nix, nivis, f.snow
nam, conj.for
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
quoque, adv.also
computō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount up, reckon, calculate
immō (adv.)no rather, on the contrary; immō vērō: no, indeed, even
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
pereō, -īre, -ii, -itūruspass away, perish
ferculum, -ī n.frame or litter for carrying (spoils, images) in procession
olīva, -ae f.olive tree; olive
bētāceus, -ī m.beetroot
cucurbita, -ae f.gourd
bulbus, -ī m.bulb, onion
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
nōn, adv.not
minus, comp. adv.less
lautus, -a, -umelegant, sumptuous, fine; washed
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
cōmoedus, -ī m.comic actor, performer of comedy
velor; vel … vel: either … or
lēctor, -ōris m.reader
lyristēs, -ae m.lyre-player
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
līberālitās, -ātis f.generosity
omnis, -eall, every
at, conj.but
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
ostreum, -ī n.oyster
vulva (volva), -ae f.womb
echīnus, -ī m.sea urchin; dish, bowl
Gāditānus, -a, -umof Gades
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
dūrē, adv. (comp. dūrius)harshly, roughly; dūrius cōnsulere, to take drastic measures
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
invideō, -ēre, invīdī, invīsum (+ dat.)envy, be jealous of
an, conj.or (in questions)
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
sed, conj.but
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
quantum, adv.how much? how?
nōsplur. of ego
lūdō, -ere, lūsī, lūsumplay; mock, deceive
rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsuslaugh
studeō, -ēre, -uībe eager, give attention, apply oneself
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
apparātē (adv.)sumptuously, lavishly
cēnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdine
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
nūsquam, adv.nowhere
hilare (adv.)cheerfully, gaily, in a lively manner
simpliciter (adv.)simply, plainly, frankly
incautē (adv.)carelessly, without due caution
summa, -ae f.total, sum; supreme command
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
nisi, conj.if not, unless
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
potius (adv.)rather
excūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusexcuse, make excuses for
semper, adv.always
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae I. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.