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Ovid · Metamorphoses I

Metamorphoses 1.581–712

Jupiter, Io and hundred-eyed Argus

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Met. 1.581moxque amnēs aliī, quī, quā tulit impetus illōs,
in mare dēdūcunt fessās errōribus undās.
and soon other rivers, which, wherever their impulse carried them, lead down into the sea their waters weary from wandering.
Met. 1.583Īnachus ūnus abest īmōque reconditus antrō
flētibus auget aquās nātamque miserrimus Īō
585lūget ut āmissam.
Inachus alone is missing and, hidden deep in his cave, he swells his waters with tears and, most wretched, mourns his daughter Io as lost.
Met. 1.585Nescit, vītāne fruātur,
an sit apud mānēs;
He does not know whether she enjoys life or is among the shades;
Met. 1.586sed quam nōn invenit usquam.but she whom he finds nowhere. Met. 1.587esse putat nūsquam atque animō peiōra verētur.he thinks is nowhere, and in his mind fears worse. Met. 1.588Vīderat ā patriō redeuntem Iuppiter illam
flūmine et "ō virgō Iove digna tuōque beātum
590nesciō quem factūra torō, pete" dīxerat "umbrās
altōrum nemorum" (et nemorum mōnstrāverat umbrās),
"dum calet et mediō sōl est altissimus orbe.
Jupiter had seen her returning from her father's river and had said, 'O maiden worthy of Jupiter, who will make some man or other happy with your bed, seek the shade of the deep groves' (and he had pointed out the shade of the groves) 'while it is hot and the sun is highest in the middle of its circle.

Met. 1.593Quodsī sōla timēs latebrās intrāre ferārum,
praeside tūta deō nemorum sēcrēta subībis,
595nec dē plēbe deō, sed quī caelestia magna
scēptra manū teneō, sed quī vaga fulmina mittō.
But if you are afraid to enter the lairs of wild beasts alone, you will go safe into the secret places of the groves with a god as protector, and no god of the common crowd, but I who hold the great sceptre of heaven in my hand, I who hurl the wandering thunderbolts.
Met. 1.597Nē fuge mē!"—fugiēbat enim.Do not flee from me!' – for she was fleeing. Met. 1.597Iam pāscua Lernae
cōnsitaque arboribus Lyrcēa relīquerat arva,
cum deus inductā lātās cālīgine terrās
600occuluit tenuitque fugam rapuitque pudōrem.
Already she had left behind the pastures of Lerna and the Lyrcean fields planted with trees, when the god hid the broad lands with a gloom drawn over them, stopped her flight and ravished her chastity.
Met. 1.601Intereā mediōs Iūnō dēspexit in agrōs
et noctis faciem nebulās fēcisse volucrēs
sub nitidō mīrāta diē, nōn flūminis illās
esse, nec ūmentī sēnsit tellūre remittī;
Meanwhile Juno looked down into the midst of the fields, and, wondering that flying mists had made the appearance of night under bright day, she perceived that they were not from a river, nor given off by the damp earth;
Met. 1.605atque suus coniūnx ubi sit circumspicit, ut quae
dēprēnsī totiēns iam nōsset fūrta marītī.
and she looks around to see where her husband is, as one who by now knew the stolen loves of a husband caught so often.

Met. 1.607Quem postquam caelō nōn repperit, "aut ego fallor,
aut ego laedor" ait, dēlapsaque ab aethere summō
cōnstitit in terrīs nebulāsque recēdere iussit.
When she did not find him in the sky, she says, 'Either I am mistaken, or I am wronged,' and gliding down from the highest aether she stood on the earth and ordered the mists to withdraw.
Met. 1.610Coniugis adventum praesēnserat inque nitentem
Īnachidos vultūs mūtāverat ille iuvencam.
He had foreseen his wife's coming and had changed the daughter of Inachus into a gleaming heifer.
Met. 1.612Bōs quoque fōrmōsa est.Even as a cow she is beautiful. Met. 1.612Speciem Sāturnia vaccae,
quamquam invīta, probat, nec nōn et cuius et unde
quōve sit armentō, vērī quasi nescia quaerit.
Saturn's daughter, though unwilling, admires the beauty of the cow, and asks too whose she is, and where from, and of what herd, as if ignorant of the truth.
Met. 1.615Iuppiter ē terrā genitam mentītur, ut auctor
dēsinat inquīrī.
Jupiter falsely says she was born from the earth, so that inquiry into her source may cease.
Met. 1.616Petit hanc Sāturnia mūnus.Saturn's daughter asks for her as a gift.

Met. 1.617Quid faciat?What is he to do? Met. 1.617crūdēle suōs addīcere amōrēs,
nōn dare suspectum est.
it is cruel to hand over his love, not to give her is suspicious.
Met. 1.618Pudor est quī suādeat illinc,
hinc dissuādet amor.
It is shame that would urge him one way, love dissuades him the other.
Met. 1.619Victus pudor esset amōre;Shame would have been conquered by love; Met. 1.620sed leve sī mūnus sociae generisque torīque
vacca negārētur, poterat nōn vacca vidērī.
but if so slight a gift as a cow were refused to the partner of his race and bed, it could seem not to be a cow.
Met. 1.622Paelice dōnāta nōn prōtinus exuit omnem
dīva metum timuitque Iovem et fuit ānxia fūrtī,
dōnec Arestoridae servandam trādidit Argō.
Though her rival was given to her, the goddess did not at once put off all her fear, and she feared Jupiter and was anxious about theft, until she handed her over to Argus, son of Arestor, to be guarded.
Met. 1.625Centum lūminibus cinctum caput Argus habēbat:
inde suīs vicibus capiēbant bīna quiētem,
cētera servābant atque in statiōne manēbant.
Argus had a head ringed with a hundred eyes: from these, two at a time took rest in turn, the rest kept watch and remained on guard.

Met. 1.628Cōnstiterat quōcumque modō, spectābat ad Īō:
ante oculōs Īō, quamvīs āversus, habēbat.
Wherever he stood, he was looking at Io: he had Io before his eyes, even with his back turned.
Met. 1.630Lūce sinit pāscī;By day he lets her graze; Met. 1.630cum sōl tellūre sub altā est,
claudit et indignō circumdat vincula collō.
when the sun is beneath the deep earth, he shuts her in and puts chains around her undeserving neck.
Met. 1.632frondibus arboreīs et amārā pāscitur herbā,
prōque torō terrae nōn semper grāmen habentī
incubat īnfēlīx līmōsaque flūmina pōtat.
she feeds on the leaves of trees and bitter grass, and instead of a bed the unhappy creature lies on the earth, which does not always have grass, and drinks from muddy streams.
Met. 1.635Illa etiam supplex Argō cum bracchia vellet
tendere, nōn habuit, quae bracchia tenderet Argō,
et cōnāta querī mūgītūs ēdidit ōre
pertimuitque sonōs propriāque exterrita vōce est.
When she wanted to stretch out her arms to Argus in supplication, she had no arms to stretch out to Argus, and when she tried to complain she uttered lowing from her mouth, and was terrified by the sounds and frightened by her own voice.

Met. 1.639Vēnit et ad rīpās, ubi lūdere saepe solēbat,
640Īnachidas rīpās;
She came also to the banks where she often used to play, the banks of Inachus;
Met. 1.640novaque ut cōnspēxit in undā
cornua, pertimuit sēque exsternāta refūgit.
and when she saw the new horns in the water, she was terrified and fled from herself in panic.
Met. 1.642Nāidēs ignōrant, ignōrat et Īnachus ipse,
quae sit;
The Naiads do not know, and Inachus himself does not know, who she is;
Met. 1.643at illa patrem sequitur sequiturque sorōrēs
et patitur tangī sēque admīrantibus offert.
but she follows her father and follows her sisters, and lets herself be touched and offers herself to their admiration.
Met. 1.645Dēcerptās senior porrēxerat Īnachus herbās:
illa manūs lambit patriīsque dat ōscula palmīs
nec retinet lacrimās et, sī modo verba sequantur,
ōret opem nōmenque suum cāsūsque loquātur.
Old Inachus had held out grass he had plucked: she licks his hands and gives kisses to her father's palms, and does not hold back her tears and, if only words would follow, she would beg for help and tell her name and misfortunes.

Met. 1.649Littera prō verbīs, quam pēs in pulvere dūxit,
650corporis indicium mūtātī trīste perēgit.
A letter instead of words, which her hoof traced in the dust, completed the sad disclosure of her changed body.
Met. 1.651"Mē miserum!"'Ah, wretched me!' Met. 1.651exclāmat pater Īnachus inque gementis
cornibus et niveae pendēns cervīce iuvencae
"mē miserum!"
cries father Inachus and, hanging on the horns and the snowy neck of the groaning heifer, 'Ah, wretched me!'
Met. 1.653ingeminat, "Tūne es quaesīta per omnēs
nāta, mihi terrās?
he repeats; 'are you the daughter I sought through all the lands?
Met. 1.654tū nōn inventa repertā
655lūctus erās levior.
Unfound, you were a lighter grief than found.
Met. 1.655Reticēs nec mūtua nostrīs
dicta refers, altō tantum suspīria dūcis
pectore, quodque ūnum potes, ad mea verba remūgīs.
You are silent and give no words back in answer to mine, you only draw sighs from deep in your breast, and, the one thing you can do, you low back at my words.
Met. 1.658At tibi ego ignārus thalamōs taedāsque parābam,
spēsque fuit generī mihi prīma, secunda nepōtum.
But I, knowing nothing, was preparing a marriage chamber and wedding torches for you, and my first hope was of a son-in-law, my second of grandchildren.

Met. 1.660Dē grege nunc tibi vir, nunc dē grege nātus habendus.Now you must have a husband from the herd, now a son from the herd. Met. 1.661Nec fīnīre licet tantōs mihi morte dolōrēs,
sed nocet esse deum, praeclūsaque iānua lētī
aeternum nostrōs lūctūs extendit in aevum?"
Nor may I end such great sorrows by death, but it harms me to be a god, and the gate of death closed against me extends my grief into eternity?'
Met. 1.664Tālia maerentem stēllātus submovet Argus
665ēreptamque patrī dīversa in pāscua nātam
abstrahit.
As he mourns so, starry Argus drives him off, and drags away the daughter, snatched from her father, to distant pastures.
Met. 1.666Ipse procul montis sublīme cacūmen
occupat, unde sedēns partēs speculātur in omnēs.
He himself occupies a lofty mountain peak far off, from where, sitting, he keeps watch in all directions.
Met. 1.668Nec superum rēctor mala tanta Phorōnidos ultrā
ferre potest nātumque vocat, quem lūcida partū
670Plēias ēnīxa est, lētōque det imperat Argum.
Nor can the ruler of the gods bear the great sufferings of Phoroneus' sister any longer, and he calls his son, whom the shining Pleiad bore, and orders him to give Argus over to death.

Met. 1.671Parva mora est alās pedibus virgamque potentī
somniferam sūmpsisse manū tegimenque capillīs.
There is short delay in taking wings for his feet, the sleep-bringing wand in his powerful hand, and the cap for his hair.
Met. 1.673Haec ubi disposuit, patriā Iove nātus ab arce
dēsilit in terrās.
When he had arranged these, the son of Jupiter leaps down from his father's citadel to the earth.
Met. 1.674Illīc tegimenque remōvit
675et posuit pennās, tantummodo virga retenta est.
There he removed his cap and laid aside his wings; only the wand was kept.
Met. 1.676Hāc agit, ut pāstor, per dēvia rūra capellās,
dum venit, adductās et strūctīs cantat avēnīs.
With this he drives, like a shepherd, through the trackless country goats he gathered as he came, and plays on reeds he has joined together.
Met. 1.678Vōce novā captus custōs Iūnōnius "at tū,
quisquis es, hōc poterās mēcum cōnsīdere saxō,"
680Argus ait, "neque enim pecorī fēcundior ūllō
herba locō est, aptamque vidēs pāstōribus umbram."
Charmed by the new sound, Juno's guard says, 'You there, whoever you are, you could sit with me on this rock,' – so says Argus – 'for nowhere is the grass richer for flocks, and you see shade fit for shepherds.'
Met. 1.682Sēdit Atlantiadēs et euntem multa loquendō
dētinuit sermōne diem iūnctīsque canendō
vincere harundinibus servantia lūmina temptat.
The grandson of Atlas sat down, and with much talking held back the passing day in conversation, and by playing on the joined reeds tries to overcome the watching eyes.

Met. 1.685Ille tamen pugnat mollēs ēvincere somnōs
et, quamvīs sopor est oculōrum parte receptus,
parte tamen vigilat.
But Argus fights to conquer soft sleep and, although slumber has been received by part of his eyes, with part he still keeps awake.
Met. 1.687Quaerit quoque (namque reperta
fistula nūper erat), quā sit ratiōne reperta.
He asks too (for the pipe had lately been invented) by what means it was invented.
Met. 1.689Tum deus "Arcadiae gelidīs in montibus" inquit
690"inter hamadryadas celeberrima Nonacrinas
nāias ūna fuit;
Then the god said, 'In the cold mountains of Arcadia, among the hamadryads of Nonacris, there was one naiad most celebrated;
Met. 1.691nymphae Sȳringa vocābant.the nymphs called her Syrinx. Met. 1.692Nōn semel et satyrōs ēlūserat illa sequentēs
et quōscumque deōs umbrōsaque silva ferāxque
rūs habet.
More than once she had eluded the satyrs pursuing her, and whatever gods the shady wood and the fertile country hold.
Met. 1.694Ortygiam studiīs ipsaque colēbat
695virginitāte deam.
She worshipped the Ortygian goddess in her pursuits and in her very virginity.
Met. 1.695Rītū quoque cincta Diānae
falleret et posset crēdī Lātōnia, sī nōn
corneus huic arcus, sī nōn foret aureus illī.
Girt too in the style of Diana, she would deceive the eye and could be thought Latona's daughter, if her bow were not of horn and the goddess's of gold.

Met. 1.698Sīc quoque fallēbat.Even so she deceived. Met. 1.698Redeuntem colle Lycaeō
Pān videt hanc pīnūque caput praecīnctus acūtā
700tālia verba refert"—restābat verba referre
et precibus sprētīs fūgisse per āvia nympham,
dōnec harēnōsī placidum Ladōnis ad amnem
vēnerit.
As she was returning from the hill of Lycaeus, Pan sees her and, his head wreathed with sharp pine, speaks such words' – it remained to tell the words, and that the nymph, scorning his prayers, fled through trackless places until she came to the calm stream of sandy Ladon.
Met. 1.703Hīc illam cursum inpedientibus undīs,
ut sē mūtārent liquidās ōrāsse sorōrēs,
705Pānaque, cum prēnsam sibi iam Sȳringa putāret,
corpore prō nymphae calamōs tenuisse palūstrēs.
That here, the waters hindering her course, she begged her watery sisters to change her, and that Pan, when he thought he had now caught Syrinx, held marsh reeds instead of the nymph's body.
Met. 1.707Dumque ibi suspīrat, mōtōs in harundine ventōs
effēcisse sonum tenuem similemque querentī.
And that while he sighed there, the winds stirred in the reed produced a thin sound, like one lamenting.
Met. 1.709Arte novā vōcisque deum dulcēdine captum
710"hoc mihi concilium tēcum" dīxisse "manēbit!"
That the god, charmed by the new art and the sweetness of its voice, said, 'This union with you shall remain to me!'
Met. 1.711atque ita disparibus calamīs conpāgine cērae
inter sē iūnctīs nōmen tenuisse puellae.
and that so the unequal reeds, joined together by a binding of wax, kept the name of the girl.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×5, indirect statement ×8, purpose clauses ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (488 words)
mox, adv.soon
que, enclitic conj.and
amnis, -is m.river
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
quā, adv.in which place, where
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
mare, maris, n.sea
dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship
fessus, -a, -umexhausted, worn out, weary
error, -ōris m.wandering; mistake, error
unda, -ae, f.wave
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
īmus, -a, -umlowest (ab īmō: from the bottom)
recondō, -ere, -didī, -ditusput away, hide, store
antrum, -ī, n.cave
flētus, -ūs m.weeping
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
aqua, -ae, f.water
nāta, -ae f.daughter
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
lūgeō, -ēre, lūxī, lūctusmourn, grieve for
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
vīta, -ae, f.life
fruor, -ī, frūctus sum (+ abl.)enjoy
an, conj.or (in questions)
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
mānēs, -ium, m. plur.spirit, shade
sed, conj.but
nōn, adv.not
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
usquam (adv.)anywhere
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
nūsquam, adv.nowhere
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
malus, -a, -umbad
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
flūmen, -minis, n.river
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ō (interj.)O! oh!
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
beātus, -a, -umhappy, blessed
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
torus, -ī m.cushion, mattress; couch
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
nemus, -oris n.grove, wood
mōnstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, show
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
caleō, -ēre, -uībe warm, be hot
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
quodsī (conj.)but if, and if
sōlus, -a, -umalone
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
latebra, -ae f.hiding place, lair
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgo within or into, enter
fera, -ae, f.wild animal, beast
praeses, praesidis, m.protector
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
deus, -ī, m.god
sēcrētum, -ī n.a private place; secret
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
caelestis, -eheavenly; pl. as noun: the gods
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
scēptrum, -ī n.sceptre; royal power
manus, -ūs, f.hand
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
vagus, -a, -umwandering, roaming
fulmen, -inis n.thunderbolt, lightning
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
enim, conj.for
iam, adv.now, already
pāscuum, -ī n.pasture
cōnserō, -ere, -sēvī, -situssow, plant; set thickly (with)
arbor, -oris, f.tree
Lyrcēus, -a, -umof Lyrceum, a mountain in Argolis
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
indūcō, -dūcere, dūxī, -ductuslead in or on, move, excite
lātus, -a, -umbroad, wide
cālīgō, -inis f.mist, fog; darkness, gloom
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
occulō, -ere, -culuī, -cultumhide, conceal
fuga, -ae, f.flight
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
dēspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumlook down on, despise
ager, agri, m.field, land
nox, noctis, f.night
faciēs, -ēī f.face; appearance
nebula, -ae f.mist, cloud
volucer, -cris, -crewinged, swift
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
nitidus, -a, -umshining, sleek, well-groomed
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
ūmeō, -ērebe moist, be damp
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
tellūs, -ūris f.earth, land (poetic)
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f.spouse, husband, wife
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
circumspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectuslook around; look around for, consider
dēprendō, -prendere, -prendī, -prēnsusseize, catch; take by surprise
totiēns (adv.)so often, so many times
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
fūrtum, -ī, n.theft
marītus, -ī, m.husband
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
laedō, -ere, laesī, laesushurt, injure; break (an oath)
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
dēlābor, -lābī, -lapsusslip or fall down
aethēr, -eris m. (acc. aethera)the upper air, the sky
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo back, withdraw, retire
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
adventus, -ūs, m.approach, arrival
praesentiō, -īre, -sēnsī, -sēnsusperceive beforehand, sense in advance
niteō, -ēre, -uīshine, glisten, be sleek
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
iuvenca, -ae f.heifer, young cow
bōs, bovis, gen. plur. boum, dat. and abl. plur. bōbus, m. and f.ox, bull, cow
quoque, adv.also
fōrmōsus, -a, -umbeautiful
speciēs, -ēī, f.sight, appearance, shape
vacca, -ae f.cow
quamquam, conj.however much, although
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
unde, adv.whence
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
armentum, -ī n.herd (of cattle)
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
quasi, conj.as if
nescius, -a, -umnot knowing, ignorant (of: gen.)
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
gignō, gignere, genuī, genitusproduce, bring forth
mentior, -īrī, -ītus sumlie, tell a lie
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
dēsinō, -sinere, -siī, -situsstop, cease (+ inf.)
inquīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītumsearch into, inquire
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
crūdēlis, -ecruel
addīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictus(of omens) give assent, be favourable; award
amor, -ōris, m.love
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
suspectus, -a, -umsuspected, mistrusted
suādeō, -ēre, suāsī, suāsusadvise, urge
illinc, adv.from there, on that side
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
dissuādeō, -ēre, -suāsī, -suāsusadvise against, oppose
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
levis, -elight, slight
sī, conj.if
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
paelex (pēlex), -icis f.mistress, concubine, rival
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
prōtinus (adv.)straight on; at once
exuō, -uere, -uī, -ūtusput or take off
omnis, -eall, every
dīva, -ae f.goddess
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
ānxius, -a, -umanxious
dōnec (conj.)until; while, as long as
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
centum, indecl. adj.one hundred
lūmen, -minis, n.light
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
caput, capitis, n.head
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
inde (adv.)from there; then
vicis (gen.), vicem f.change, turn; in vicem: in turn
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
bīnī, -ae, -atwo each, two at a time
quiēs, quiētis, f.rest, repose
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
statiō, -ōnis f.outpost, picket
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
oculus, -ī, m.eye
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
lūx, lūcis, f.light
sinō, -ere, sīvī, situsallow, permit, let
pāscō, pāscere, pāvī, pāstusfeed
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
indignus, -a, -umunworthy; shameful
circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datusput around, surround
vinculum, -ī, n.bond, chain
collum, -ī, n.neck
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
arboreus, -a, -umof a tree, tree-
amārus, -a, -umbitter
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
semper, adv.always
grāmen, -inis n.grass, turf
incubō, -āre, -uī, -itumlie on; brood over
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
līmōsus, -a, -ummuddy, slimy
pōtō, -āre, -āvī, pōtusdrink, drink heavily
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
supplex, -icisbegging, as a suppliant
bracchium, -ī, n.arm
volō, velle, voluīwish
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
mūgītus, -ūs, m.lowing, bellowing
ēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput forth, give out, utter
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
pertimēscō, -ere, -timuībecome very afraid, dread
sonus, -ī m.sound
proprius, -a, -umone's own, private; characteristic (of)
exterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten badly, terrify
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
lūdō, -ere, lūsī, lūsumplay; mock, deceive
saepe, adv.often, frequently
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
cōnspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectusbehold, perceive, see
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
exsternō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusterrify, drive frantic
refugiō, -fugere, -fūgīflee back, run away, retreat
nāis, -idis (or nāias, -adis) f.naiad, a water-nymph (pl. nāides)
ignōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe ignorant of
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
at, conj.but
pater, patris, m.father
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
soror, -ōris, f.sister
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
admīror, -mīrārī, -mīrātuswonder at, admire
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
dēcerpō, -ere, -cerpsī, -cerptuspluck off, pick
senior, -ōris m.elder; seniores: the elders (of the people)
porrigō, -ere, -rēxī, -rēctusstretch out, hold out, hand
lambō, -ere, lambīlick
ōsculum, -ī n.kiss
palma, -ae f.palm of the hand; flat spreading branch
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
modo, adv.only
verbum, -ī, n.word
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
littera, -ae f.letter (of the alphabet); pl. letter, writing
pēs, pedis, m.foot
pulvis, -eris m.dust
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
corpus, corporis, n.body
indicium, -ī n.information, evidence; an informer's report
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumcarry through, complete
exclāmō, -clāmāre, -clāmāvī, -clāmātuscry out, exclaim
gemō, -ere, -uī, -itusgroan; lament
niveus, -a, -umsnowy, snow-white
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
cervīx, -īcis f.neck (often pl.)
ingeminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumredouble
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
lūctus, -ūs m.grief, mourning
reticeō, -ēre, -uīkeep silent, say nothing
mūtuus, -a, -umborrowed, lent; mutual (pecūnia mūtua: a loan)
noster, -tra, -trumour
dictum, -ī n.word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient)
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
suspīrium, -ī n.sigh; deep breath
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
remūgiō, -īrebellow back, echo
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
thalamus, -ī m.bedroom; marriage bed; marriage
taeda, -ae f.pine torch; (often) the wedding torch, marriage
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
spēs, speī, f.hope
gener, -erī m.son-in-law
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
secundus, -a, -umfollowing, favorable
nepōs, nepōtis, m.grandson
grex, gregis m.flock, herd; band, gang
nunc, adv.now
vir, virī, m.man
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
fīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusbound, limit; end
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
mors, mortīs, f.death
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
noceō, -ēre, nocuī, nocitum (+ dat.)harm, hurt
praeclūdō, -ere, -clūsī, -clūsumclose, block
iānua, -ae, f.door
lētum, -ī n.death
aeternus, -a, -umeverlasting, eternal
extendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentumstretch out, extend
aevum, -ī n.age, lifetime; old age
tālis, -esuch
maereō, -ēregrieve, be sad
stēllātus, -a, -umstarred, studded as if with stars
submoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtumdrive back
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
abstrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumdrag away, carry off
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
mōns, montis, m.mountain
sublīmis, -ehigh, lofty; in sublīme: up on high
cacūmen, -minis n.top, tip, point
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessussit
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
speculor, -ārī, -ātus sumspy, watch
superī, -ōrum m. pl.the gods above
rēctor, -ōris m.ruler, guide, director
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
ultrā (prep. + acc.)beyond
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
lūcidus, -a, -umbright, shining; clear
partus, -ūs m.birth; offspring
ēnītor, -ī, -nīsus (-nīxus) sumstruggle upward; strive, exert oneself
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
mora, -ae, f.delay
ala, -ae, f.wing
virga, -ae f.rod, stick, staff
potēns, -entispowerful
somnifer, -era, -erumsleep-bringing
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
tegimen (tegumen), -inis n.covering, protection
capillus, -ī m.hair
dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumstation here and there, post
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
dēsiliō, -silīre, -siluī, -sultusleap down
illīc (adv.)there
removeō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove back, remove
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
penna, -ae f.feather; (pl.) wings
tantummodo (adv.)only, just
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
pāstor, -tōris, m.shepherd
dēvius, -a, -umoff the main road, out of the way, remote; straying
rūs, rūris n.the country, countryside; (pl.) fields
capella, -ae f.she-goat, little goat
addūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead to, bring, take; induce, influence
struō, -ere, strūxī, strūctusbuild, construct; arrange
cantō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussing
avēna, -ae f.oat; a reed or straw, a shepherd's pipe
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
Iūnōnius, -a, -umof Juno, sacred to Juno
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
pecus, pecoris, n.herd, flock, cattle
fēcundus, -a, -umfruitful, rich (in)
ūllus, -a, -umany
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
aptus, -a, -umfit, suited
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
dētineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentumhold back, detain
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctusjoin; yoke, harness
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
harundō (arundō), -inis f.reed, cane
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
mollis, -esoft, weak
ēvincō, -ere, -vīcī, -victusovercome utterly
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
sopor, -ōris m.deep sleep
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
vigilō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstay awake, keep watch; be watchful
namque, conj.for
fistula, -ae f.pipe, tube (for water)
nūper, adv.newly, lately, recently
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
tum, adv.then, at that time
gelidus, -a, -umicy, ice-cold
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
hamadryas, -adis f.a wood nymph living in a tree, hamadryad
celeber, celebris, celebrefrequented; renowned, celebrated
Nonacrinas, -ātisof Nonacris in Arcadia; Arcadian
nāias, -adis f.naiad, water nymph
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
semel (adv.)once (semel atque iterum: again and again)
satyrus, -ī m.satyr, a half-goat woodland companion of Bacchus
ēlūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsusmock, make sport of; elude
umbrōsus, -a, -umshady
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
ferāx, -ācisfertile
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
virginitās, -ātis f.virginity, maidenhood
dea, -ae f.goddess
rītus, -ūs m.rite, ceremony; custom, manner
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
corneus, -a, -umof cornel wood (a hard wood)
arcus, -ūs, m.bow
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
sīc, adv.so, thus
collis, -is m.hill
Lycaeus, -a, -umLycaean, of Mount Lycaeus in Arcadia, sacred to Pan
pīnus, -ūs or -ī f.pine tree; (poetic) a ship
praecingō, -ere, -cīnxī, -cīnctusgird, put a belt or cloth round; sē praecingere: tie a cloth round oneself
acūtus, -a, -umsharp, pointed
restō, -āre, restitīstay behind, remain
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
spernō, spernere, sprēvī, sprētusdespise, scorn
āvius, -a, -umpathless, remote
harēnōsus, -a, -umsandy
placidus, -a, -umcalm, gentle
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
impediō, -pedīre, -pedīvī, -pedītushinder, prevent, impede
liquidus, -a, -umliquid, flowing; clear
prēndō, -ere, prēndī, prēnsumgrasp, take hold of
calamus, -ī m.reed, cane; a reed pen
palūster, -tris, -tremarshy, swampy
ibi, adv.in that place, there
suspīrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumsigh
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
ventus, -ī, m.wind
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
tenuis, -ethin
similis, -elike, similar (vērī similis: likely)
ars, artis, f.art
dulcēdō, -inis, f.sweetness
concilium, -ī n.meeting, council
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
dispār, -parisunequal, unlike
compāgō, -inis f.joining, fastening; framework
cēra, -ae f.wax; a wax-covered writing tablet
puella, -ae, f.girl, maiden
Ovid, Metamorphoses I. Latin text: H. Magnus, Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso (Gotha, 1892), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.