| dē, prep, with abl. | down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| sōlus, -a, -um | alone |
| cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtus | set together or up; appoint; determine |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| audeō, audēre, ausus sum | dare |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| cōnsilium, -ī, n. | advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence |
| referō, referre, rettulī, relātus | bring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia |
| hīc, adv. | here; hereupon |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| prīmō, adv. | at first |
| perturbō, -turbāre, -turbāvi, -turbātus | greatly disturb, disturb, agitate, throw into confusion |
| admīror, -mīrārī, -mīrātus | wonder at, admire |
| iam, adv. | now, already |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptus | take under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| supplicium, -ī, n. | punishment, torture |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| tot (indecl.) | so many |
| annus, -ī, m. | year |
| adeō (adv.) | so far, to such a degree; so |
| male, adv. | badly, ill |
| habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | have, hold; consider |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| saepe, adv. | often, frequently |
| dēspērātiō, -ōnis f. | despair, hopelessness |
| addūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead to, bring, take; induce, influence |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| dux, ducis, m. and f. | leader, commander |
| interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | put out of the way, kill |
| dēnique, adv. | lastly, finally |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| ūnus, -a, -um | one; only, alone |
| tantum, adv. | so much or far, only |
| quoad (conj.) | as long as; until |
| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctus | live |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| sēcūrus, -a, -um | free from care, untroubled; careless (of: gen.) |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| nihil, n., indecl. | nothing |
| negōtium, -ī, n. | business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty |
| postrēmō (adv.) | finally, at last |
| sī, conj. | if |
| reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | give back, return, restore; render |
| salūs, salūtis, f. | safety, deliverance, escape |
| quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītus | seek; ask, inquire |
| quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj. | what? |
| amīcus, -ī, m. | friend |
| ūtor, ūtī, ūsus | use |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| enim, conj. | for |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| apud, prep, with acc. | among, with |
| cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus | find out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know |
| voluntās, -tātis, f. | wish, will |
| tamen, adv. | however, yet, nevertheless |
| ūsque, adv. | all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō |
| septimus, -a, -um | seventh |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| dēlīberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | consider, deliberate |
| spatium, -ī, n. | space, interval; space of time, time |
| relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictus | leave behind, leave |
| tum, adv. | then, at that time |
| autem, conj. | moreover; but, however; now |
| vereor, -ērī, -itus | fear |
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| quis, qua, quid, indef. pron. | any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something |
| sēditiō, -ōnis f. | riot, mutiny, discord |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| orior, -īrī, -tus | arise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn |
| vetō, -āre, vetuī, vetitum | forbid |
| quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron. | any one, anything |
| admittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missus | send to, admit; allow |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| cottīdiānus, -a, -um | daily |
| vīctus, -ūs, m. | sustenance, food |
| removeō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtus | move back, remove |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| nam, conj. | for |
| negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | say no or not, deny, refuse |
| vīs, vīs, f. | violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main |
| afferō, afferre, attulī, allātum | bring, bring to; cause |
| aliquandō, adv. | at some time or other; finally, at length |
| amplius (adv.) | more, further |
| quam, adv. | how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible |
| trīduum, -ī n. | three days |
| famēs, -is, abl. famē, f. | hunger |
| fatīgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | tire, wear out |
| castra, -ōrum, n. plur. | camp |
| moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus | move |
| īnsciēns, -scientis, adj. | unknowing, unaware |
| iugulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | cut the throat of, murder |
| custōs, -ōdis m. | guard |